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Textual research on the origin of Dragon Boat Festival
The word "Dragon Boat Festival" first appeared in the Local Records written by Zhou Chu, a famous minister in the Western Jin Dynasty. This document has become an important reference for modern people to consult traditional festivals and customs such as the Dragon Boat Festival. When did the Dragon Boat Festival originate? There have been different opinions and arguments for a long time. There are four main views on the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival:
According to the widely circulated viewpoint of "commemorating historical figures", the Dragon Boat Festival originated in the memory of Qu Yuan, according to the Records of Memories of Jingchu Years by Wu Jun and Zong Ao of the Southern Dynasties. Others think it is to commemorate Wu Zixu and Cao E, etc.
Mr. Wen Yiduo believes that the Dragon Boat Festival is a festival for ancient Baiyue people to hold dragon totem worship activities. He demonstrated his views in detail in the two papers "Dragon Boat Festival Examination" and "Dragon Boat Festival History Education" (see the complete works of Wen Yiduo).
It is believed that the Dragon Boat Festival originated from an evil day (see Zhang's "Dragon Boat Festival is not due to Qu Yuan").
It is said that the Dragon Boat Festival originated from the solstice in summer (see Liu Deqian's Another View on the Origin of the Dragon Boat Festival for details).
According to research, the custom of dragon boat racing existed long before Qu Yuan. Before the Spring and Autumn Period in Wuyue, there was a custom of holding tribal totem sacrifices in the form of dragon boat races on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Even in Qu Yuan's own poems, the custom of horse racing at that time can be reflected. For example, there is a saying in "Songs of the Chu River": "If you go to Yuan by boat, your country will be defeated. The ship is tolerant of not moving forward, and it is stagnation submerged by backwater. It's embarrassing in the morning and sunny at night. " Qu Yuan's long, narrow, light and small boat was essentially a boat used for the competition at that time.
A large number of cultural relics unearthed in modern times and archaeological studies have confirmed that in the Neolithic age, there was a cultural relic with geometric prints and pottery ruins in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. According to experts, the remaining tribe is a tribe that worships dragon totem-known as Baiyue in history. The decorative patterns and historical legends on unearthed pottery show that they have the custom of tattooing constantly, live in a water town and compare themselves to the descendants of dragons. Its production tools are mostly stone tools, but also small bronzes such as shovels and chisels. Among the pots and pans used as daily necessities, the printed pottery ding used for cooking food is unique to them and is one of the symbols of their ethnic group. [6] On an ancient beach in Yutang Village, Maqiao Commune, Shanghai County, a group of ancient Yue ancestors lived. Experts speculate that it was the ancestors of Guyue who first drew tribal totems on canoes and rowed them to visit relatives and friends. Sometimes, when people meet together, they will take advantage of the opportunity to see who can row faster. With the concept of dragon god gradually becoming the consciousness of China people, totem boats have evolved into various dragon boats, and the entertainment forms of dragon boat racing have emerged, and gradually formed the traditional customs in various parts of China.
Mr. Wen Yiduo's research in the Dragon Boat Festival Examination, Dragon Boat Festival History Education and other papers shows that the ancient Baiyue people used dragons as totems in order to show their status as "dragon sons" and consolidate their protected rights. The two main activities of the Dragon Boat Festival, eating zongzi and running, are all related to dragons. Zongzi are thrown into rivers and waters to offer sacrifices to the dragon gods, while dragon boats are used for competitions. They not only have the custom of "tattooing constantly" as "dragon son", but also hold a grand totem festival on May 5 every year. One of the activities is to paint a dragon-shaped canoe with drums, run races on the water, draw pictures and entertain yourself. This is the origin of the custom of dragon boat racing.
The development of ancient research and a large number of unearthed cultural relics confirm that Mr. Wen Yiduo's textual research is scientific. Like the Yellow River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin in China is the birthplace of ancient culture in China. According to the combination of excavated original cultural relics and historical legends, there once lived a dragon totem ethnic group south of the Yangtze River in China, that is, the ancient Baiyue ethnic group. Until the Qin and Han Dynasties, there were still more than 100 Vietnamese people, and the Dragon Boat Festival was a festival for their ancestors.
The custom of dragon boat race originated in the south, and the fifth day of the fifth lunar month was regarded as "bad month and bad day" from the north, and it was infused with the seasonal fashion of "getting rid of diseases and epidemic prevention" in summer, accompanied by a meeting to commemorate Qu Yuan's suicide by jumping into the river, which eventually formed the traditional custom of Dragon Boat Festival. The formation of the Dragon Boat Festival custom can be said to be the product of the integration of North and South customs, which has injected new content with the development of history.
Dragon boat festival greetings
1. Seeing Zongzi is the happiest thing, smelling Zongzi is the happiest thing, and eating Zongzi is the happiest thing. On the Dragon Boat Festival, I wish you peace, romance, sweetness, satisfaction and joy.
2. The Dragon Boat Festival is full of joy, and everyone laughs and laughs; Watch the dragon boat race from a distance and watch the children and grandchildren run near; Raise a glass to respect relatives and friends, and feel happy; While drinking tea, while tasting zongzi, physical and mental pleasure; Send a blessing to a friend, and my heart is full of friendship; I wish you a happy Dragon Boat Festival, a good mood and happiness!
3. Life is not necessarily earth-shattering, but it must be reasonable. Love is not necessarily vigorous, but it must be cherished. Friends don't have to be inseparable, but they must know each other. I wish you a happy Dragon Boat Festival.
4. Happy Dragon Boat Festival Code: Take rest and relaxation as the center, put health and safety first, feel comfortable is the key, travel water should be adjusted, shopping is a pastime, greetings and blessings are desserts, don't be busy, happy Dragon Boat Festival!
5. There is a feeling that never goes out of date and lasts forever, and that is friendship; There is a kind of concern, never tired, heart pounding, that is for you; There is a holiday that the whole family likes and cherishes gratitude. Dragon Boat Festival is here, I wish the whole family happiness forever!
6, you are meat, I am skin, I wrap you tightly. You are a tooth and I am glutinous rice, and the fragrance sticks to you sweetly. You are zongzi, I am zongzi leaf, and you are wrapped in layers. Dragon Boat Festival, I want to hold you tight!
7. When you open your eyes, I hope you can see my blessing and wish you a sunny mood; Before closing my eyes, I want you to receive my greetings, have a good dream at night and wish you a happy Dragon Boat Festival!
8. The Dragon Boat Festival is coming, and the zongzi is fragrant! On May 5th every year, glutinous rice is blessed! Dragon boat floats across the river, bless your home! A message, a feeling, a blessing, a concern! Friend, the Dragon Boat Festival is here, don't forget to remind people around you to eat zongzi!
9. From May 5th to May 5th, the festival is on the Dragon Boat Festival. Full of heartfelt words, send you good wishes. Make great achievements in your career, just like the afternoon sun. The financial resources are rolling in, and the money is countless. Hard and strong, better than a tiger!
10, the Dragon Boat Festival is here, take a bite of Zongbao, white rice and red sand, and get rich; Glutinous rice, fresh sausage, bite, career like riding a fine horse; Sweet rice, sweet nuts, bite and smile, haha.