Prevention. In the process of medical treatment and nursing, especially in the process of diagnosis, treatment and nursing of hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV-infected people, occupational exposure should be prevented. Wear gloves when touching the patient's blood and body fluids; When blood and body fluids may splash in a large area or pollute the operator's body, isolation gown or anti-leakage apron should be worn; Double gloves should be worn in the diagnosis, treatment and nursing operations that may come into contact with the patient's blood and body fluids when the hand skin is injured.
Handle. When an occupational exposure accident occurs, measures should be taken immediately for emergency treatment, including emergency treatment and isolation of pollution sources; Investigate and analyze occupational exposure accidents, find out the causes of accidents and take corresponding improvement measures to prevent similar accidents from happening again; Formulate emergency plans for occupational exposure, clarify responsibilities, emergency measures and disposal procedures at all levels, and improve the ability to respond to emergencies.
Occupational exposure treatment process:
1. Determination of contact factors: First, evaluate the working environment and determine possible harmful factors. These harmful factors may be chemicals, radiation, noise, dust, etc. And work pressure, long working hours. Risk assessment, including assessment of exposure degree, exposure frequency and exposure time, etc.
2. Design preventive measures: According to the evaluation results, formulate corresponding preventive measures. These measures may include changing working methods, adjusting working environment and providing personal protective equipment. Preventive measures should be formulated according to specific conditions, and ensure their effectiveness and operability. Implement measures, implement preventive measures, and ensure the effectiveness of implementation.
3. Health monitoring: regularly monitor the health status of professionals, including physical examination, biomarker monitoring and occupational disease screening. In this way, potential health problems can be found early and corresponding treatment measures can be taken in time. Evaluate the effect, and regularly evaluate the effect of preventive measures, including the change of exposure and the improvement of occupational health.
4. The goal of occupational exposure treatment process is to protect the health and safety of professionals and reduce or eliminate the impact of harmful factors in the working environment on health. Through scientific evaluation and control, we can reduce the incidence of occupational diseases, improve work efficiency and quality, and improve the quality of life of employees.
Challenges and countermeasures of occupational exposure treatment
In the process of diagnosis, treatment and nursing operation, when it is possible to spill the patient's blood and body fluids on the medical staff's face, the medical staff should wear gloves, masks with anti-permeability and protective glasses; When blood and body fluids may splash in a large area or pollute the health of medical staff, isolation gown with anti-leakage performance should also be worn.
With the development of industrialization and urbanization, the problem of occupational exposure has become increasingly prominent. On the one hand, emerging industries and new technologies bring new exposure risks, such as nicotine exposure in e-cigarette industry and nano-materials exposure in new materials industry.
On the other hand, traditional exposure problems still exist, such as toxic substance exposure in chemical industry and dust exposure in construction industry. Therefore, the treatment of occupational exposure is facing a series of challenges. Dealing with occupational exposure requires interdisciplinary cooperation.