With the arrival of the summer vacation "Delta", many children's summer plans are affected and their lives are troubled.
Children can't get the chance to study, play and relax normally, and can't participate in group activities, which may make them nervous, uneasy and anxious, cause some mood swings, work and rest chaos, and even lead to parent-child conflicts, which has become a difficult problem for parents in the summer vacation under the epidemic.
How to help children maintain physical and mental health?
In this regard, Ye Haisen, director of the Children's Psychology Department of Hunan Brain Hospital (Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), suggested that parents can start from five aspects: children's life rhythm, emotional management, psychological understanding and family support, so that children's hearts can feel the happiness of healthy rhythm from one side of the room and appreciate the strength and peace from the deep heart.
"Developing a healthy pace of life can remind children that they are still energetic and can cope with pressure or troubles from themselves or the outside world."
Ye Haisen said that in order to develop a healthy pace of life, it is particularly important to maintain a regular schedule.
Long-term violation of biological clock, such as day and night upside down, excessive sleep, excessive sleep, frequent staying up late, etc. , will have a certain degree of adverse effects on health.
If the child encounters sleep problems at night, such as staying up late, insomnia, poor sleep quality, etc. Try to urge the children to get up on time the next day.
Otherwise, it will disturb the function of the biological clock and even fall into a vicious circle. Finally, it will become upside down day and night, and it will be easy to wake up in many dreams, which will not help the children's work and rest adjustment.
You can rest for half an hour at noon, but not for too long, otherwise the quality of rest at night will be discounted.
A long lunch break may also cause some physical symptoms, such as headache, dizziness and fatigue. It will affect the quality and experience of children's daytime activities.
In addition to regular work and rest habits, Ye Haisen suggested that a reasonable diet and moderate exercise can also relax and adjust the tired body and mind.
Diet, such as eating less high-calorie food, eating three meals a day regularly, avoiding overeating or excessive weight loss; In sports, you can do some aerobic exercise or indoor equipment exercise, such as sit-ups, aerobics, catching the ball, riding a bike and so on.
During the epidemic, children's outdoor activities will be restricted, and they will not get enough space for activities and interpersonal communication, which may bring some emotional troubles to children, such as anxiety, tension, anxiety and fear.
"Parents can provide corresponding relaxation methods according to the physical and mental development characteristics of children of different ages to help their children manage their emotions well."
Ye Haisen believes that in the face of emotional problems, although the self-developed safety regulation model can help children get out of emotional troubles faster and restore their enthusiasm or motivation for life, the active help of parents can play a more positive role.
It is difficult for children in early childhood to express themselves accurately because of the imperfect development of thinking and language.
Therefore, parents can take children as the center and use interactive games to let children vent their negative emotions in a safe way without hurting themselves or others.
For example, you can play parent-child finger painting with children, so that children can freely create paintings and express their emotional changes in different States;
School-age children's physical and mental functions have developed, but their cognitive level is still immature. Therefore, artistic expression, story metaphor, role-playing and other methods can be used to appease children, so that their attention can be properly diverted, and children can be trained to deal with their emotional problems constructively, such as doll theater or storytelling, so that children can simulate their own problems or vent their emotions that are difficult to express clearly in the virtual environment.
Adolescent children have polarized personality characteristics, rely on their parents and demand independence. Therefore, they can be close to children and cultivate their broad interests by means of equal dialogue and artistic expression.
Such as music, painting, hand-made creation, etc. And through these third-party works, children's emotional stories are pinned on them, giving adolescent children personal space and adjusting their emotional problems.
"Reasonable and effective emotional management methods can make emotions find a suitable outlet, while reducing the occurrence of children's extreme venting behavior."
Ye Haisen said that good positive cognition can help children to straighten their psychological balance and restore a correct understanding of the surrounding environment.
When children are involved in emotions and limited by the level of physical and mental development, the cognitive direction sometimes deviates.
For example, their expectations of the development of events are easily dumped in a negative and negative direction, so as to generalize or exaggerate one-sidedness, thus exerting greater pressure on themselves.
When children are emotionally unstable, parents also need to change their inherent cognition and avoid treating the expression of bad emotions as a "scourge". Children's emotional fluctuations also need to be based on acceptance and understanding.
Only when parents show a calm and optimistic attitude when dealing with bad emotions, can children feel the sense of security and strength from their families, be willing to confide their pain to their parents, and parents can understand their current situation and true feelings more clearly.
Emotional fluctuation will affect children's social function. When negative emotions strike, parents need to help their children find effective and safe ways to vent.
For example, communicate your emotional experience with your child with an equal understanding attitude, help your child to look at all aspects of events or emotions more comprehensively, do some deep breathing relaxation exercises or physical relaxation exercises, and do some associative relaxation exercises for children who tend to abstract thinking, such as imagining their emotions as snacks with different tastes and eating them one by one.
"Maintaining physical and mental health is not a child's business. In addition to their own efforts to adjust, they also need outside support and understanding, especially the understanding and support of their families. "
Ye Haisen believes that emotional problems often do not appear alone, but are usually accompanied by various behavioral changes, such as: fear of the dark, shrinking, attacking, shrinking, and being tired of learning.
When behavior problems appear, parents need to have a basic awareness that children's behavior problems do not come from their original intention.
"The importance of stable parent-child relationship is reflected at this time. Family relationships with stable attachment and mutual trust can provide timely help when children have emotional and behavioral problems. "
Ye Haisen said that only by understanding that accepting children's sudden changes is a symptom can we establish a closer relationship with children, understand their problems from their perspective, and design healing links for them according to their unique behaviors to ensure that they can get help in time when they encounter difficulties.
"The last and most important point is to avoid seeking medical treatment."
Ye Haisen stressed that if children's psychological problems get worse and their development gets out of control, they should seek medical treatment as soon as possible. After emotional problems develop into mental illness, children may lose the ability of self-regulation.
When parents find that the child's illness may be difficult to heal itself, even with the intervention of parents, it is impossible to adjust the child's psychological balance, which means that more professional help from the hospital is needed.
At this time, parents need to stabilize their emotions, avoid excessive anxiety, and seek medical treatment from professionals in time.