Umbilical cord blood exists in umbilical vein. Umbilical cord blood has a high proportion of hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Umbilical cord blood stem cells is a mixed concept, which strictly includes hematopoietic stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells.
Embryonic stem cells are omnipotent, and people are complete individuals developed from embryonic stem cells, so embryonic stem cells can theoretically differentiate into any kind of cells.
Hematopoietic stem cells can only differentiate into cells of blood system and immune system. Generally speaking, there are red blood cells, white blood cells, T cells and B cells in the blood.
Aibei Medical Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) is another kind of existence, which is pluripotent and can mainly differentiate into connective tissue. The classics are muscle, fat, bone and cartilage. At present, much more than nerves, endothelium and even islet cells have been found.
1, the separation site is different: placental stem cells are stem cells isolated from placental tissue, and umbilical cord stem cells are stem cells isolated from umbilical cord blood.
2. Different types: Placental stem cells mainly refer to mesenchymal stem cells, and umbilical cord blood stem cells refer to hematopoietic stem cells.
3. Different differentiation ability: 1) Stem cells in placenta have strong differentiation ability, which can differentiate into vascular stem cells, nerve F cells, liver stem cells and other types of stem cells under specific induction conditions, thus repairing damaged and diseased tissues and organs; 2) Umbilical cord blood stem cells can differentiate into red blood cells, platelets and other blood cells in vivo.
4, the number is different: 1) The placenta is large, and the stem cells extracted from it are rich, which can be cultured and expanded in vitro. The number of daughter cells in expanded culture reaches one billion, which can be used by adults for many times; 2) The number of stem cells in umbilical cord blood depends on how much umbilical cord blood is extracted and cannot be cultured and expanded in vitro. Patients under 40kg can use/kloc-0 cord blood stem cells at a time.
5. Therapeutic purposes: 1) Placental stem cells have shown good effects in treating cerebral palsy, diabetes, liver cirrhosis, cardiovascular diseases and other diseases; 2) Umbilical cord blood stem cells can treat hematological diseases such as leukemia and aplastic anemia. But childhood leukemia is mostly congenital, so in this case, you can't use your own umbilical cord blood stem cells. This needs to match the donated umbilical cord blood stem cells.
6. Matching: 1 C People don't need matching for their own use, but for allogeneic use, placental stem cells can be used by blood relatives because of their low immunogenicity and very high matching success rate; The matching probability of umbilical cord blood stem cells with their parents is 1/2, and that with their siblings is 1/4.