And the area of human defense will be issued a detailed construction plan with enlarged scale, the area is very easy to judge.
As shown in the figure: the enlarged scale of the construction plan of the area of human defense, clearly marked the scope of its area
Question 2: Underground parking lot belongs to the people's air defense project People's air defense project, also known as the people's air defense fortification, refers to the protection of wartime sheltering of personnel and materials, the people's air defense command, medical care and rescue and the construction of a separate underground protective buildings, as well as combined with the ground building construction of wartime basements that can be used for air defense. Air defense basement.
Underground parking is a development project in order to solve the motor vehicles, non-motorized parking, construction equipment, such as the use of premises and other functional needs of the building, due to the need to set up a human defense project below the ground, usually shared with the underground parking lot, i.e., during wartime for the basement of the people's air defense, and during the week as a garage, storage room use.
The civil construction of the civil defense project does not require special qualifications, basic civil construction qualifications can be (generally differentiated by the size of the building), but the production of human defense equipment and in accordance with the need for special qualifications: with the "Production License for Human Defense Project Protective Equipment", the provincial "Human Defense Project Protective Equipment Product Record Certificate", "Human Defense Protective Equipment Production and Installation of Enterprise Qualification Certificate". Each place is slightly different, you can consult the local human defense office.
Whether a basement project is man-proof, generally can be judged from the following aspects:
1. The main entrance and exit of the basement will be man-proof project marking schematic;
2. Man-proof basement entrance and exit will be man-proof door, can be understood as a very heavy iron door, generally open state;
3. Man-proof basement entrance and exit attachments are man-proof, and the entrance and exit are man-proof. Special features of the room, such as closed channels, filter rooms, gas chamber, etc.;
4. Simple ceiling decoration in the basement of the human defense, to avoid wartime explosions caused by the vibration of the basement, resulting in the fall of the decoration materials affecting the use of human defense projects.
Question 3: how to distinguish between the main body of the underground human defense project and the foundation The building is not plus or minus zero below are the foundation, but also depends on whether the underground part of the functional rooms. And since there is a basement, it is impossible not to have functional rooms, so it can be said that any project has the main body and the foundation,
The building as a whole are in the plus or minus zero below, to the ground floor of the lowest room above the structural elevation of the main body, the following is the foundation.
Supplementary answer:
"Building Foundation Design Code GB50007-2002"
2.1.2 Foundation
The structure will be subject to a variety of structural effects transferred to the foundation of the structural components.
"People's Air Defense Basement Design Code GB 50038-2005"
2.1.14 Main Body
The part of the air defense basement that can meet the requirements of wartime protection and its main functions. For the air defense basement with anti-virus requirements, the main body refers to the inner most part of a closed door.
From the above two norms, it can be seen: the foundation is part of the structure as a whole, specifically refers to a variety of roles will be transferred to the part of the foundation. If the indiscriminate positive and negative zero below are called foundation, not even the underground garage columns, beams, walls are foundation! All underground works are just foundations, not even buildings anymore! Can only be regarded as roadbed!
The main body of the air defense is the "air defense basement" to meet ... Requirements of the part of the basement, part of the basement is the main body of the defense. If the underground part is the foundation, then the main body is the foundation, the foundation is the main body, logical confusion!
(Should you meet the construction unit hit the foundation to do the main body!)
Question 4: How to see the basement and human defense project structure construction drawings? Human defense to see the ventilation on the ah, you can look at the sectional drawing, from the exhaust to the air inlet slowly find it, look at the map do not rush,
Question 5: What is the difference between the basement works and the human defense works human defense works and ordinary basement what are the differences?
A: Ordinary basement is to stabilize the ground building or to achieve a certain purpose and built, there is no protection requirements. As the air-raid basement of the air defense project, it is specially designed according to the protection requirements of the air defense project. Their differences are:
(1) air defense basement roof, side walls, floors are thicker than ordinary basements, solid, in addition to load-bearing and some resistance to shock waves and conventional bomb blast wave capabilities.
(2) human defense basement structure is closed, there are filtering and ventilation equipment, chemical and biological warfare agents, equipment and capabilities, while the ordinary basement does not.
(3) The human defense basement has an outdoor safety import and export, while the ordinary basement does not.
(4) The seismic capacity of human defense basement is better than ordinary basement.
Understanding the above differences, before the war, the ordinary basement to carry out the necessary reinforcement, remodeling, can also make it have a certain degree of protection.
Question 6: How to distinguish between a basement and a human defense project? 10 points of human defense works are not necessarily underground, such as certain material storage and transfer of warehouses, human defense works are divided into a variety of projects can be divided into tunnels, tunnels, piles of projects and excavation projects. In peacetime are not necessarily idle, such as some underground shopping malls, underground restaurants, some of which is a good example of the use of human defense works in peacetime, so the modern human defense works are not necessarily fully closed. Human defense projects in strict accordance with the construction procedures, from civil engineering to renovation are focused on quality. Human defense projects are basement, the basement plays the role of emergency shelter.
Question 7: How to define the ownership of human defense works? According to the law with the construction of human defense works and human defense departments to invest in the construction of human defense works, its property rights belong to the state; according to the law with the construction of the area outside the construction of human defense works, its property rights belong to the investor all. All the self-built works, command works, important announcement works, trunk road works and early unit works (before the mid-80s) built by the competent departments of human defense with the help of human defense easy-to-construct fees, as well as human defense works, basements which can be used for air defense in wartime and their ancillary equipment and facilities, mouth management rooms, and the property rights belong to the investor. Equipment and facilities, management rooms of the mouth and camouflage rooms, etc. are all state-owned assets of people's air defense, the ownership of which belongs to the State, and the competent departments of people's air defense at all levels exercise the right of ownership and management on behalf of the State. According to the provisions of Article 22 of the People's Air Defense Law, new civil buildings in the city shall be constructed in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state to build basements that can be used for air defense in wartime, therefore, the construction of air defense basements in combination with new civil buildings is the people's air defense obligation of each construction unit, just as the payment of the construction fee for the easy-to-reach construction belongs to the funds for construction of the people's air defense and belongs to the state, the property right of the social joint air defense basement constructed within the scope of the allotment of the law should also belong to the state. Basement, its property rights should also be owned by the state. Therefore, the act of constructing air defense basement is not an investment act, but an act of fulfilling the obligation of people's air defense construction. In accordance with the provisions of the law to build standards outside the construction unit to take into account the needs of the people's air defense underground civil buildings, its property rights belong to the construction unit.
Question 8: the basement of the high-rise building belongs to the people's air defense project is not, the foundation is the whole building of the vertical force lateral force support point. The foundation of high-rise buildings are generally contact points to reach the rock layer force. Take piles and bearing platform for the foundation more, and then above the building many walls is actually columns and walls (sometimes a wall is concrete as a load-bearing structure - shear wall) human defense basement belongs to the use of the area, except that its architectural design to comply with the more stringent requirements of the human defense project
Problem nine: the early underground human defense project in the late 60's, the early 70's, China's Cities and towns had set off a "deep digging hole" mass movement. Units, street residents in the house under the hole, and then connected to each other, forming a network of tunnels in all directions. Due to the lack of unified planning, lack of experience, coupled with insufficient technical force, these projects are generally smaller, poorer quality, now collectively referred to as the early works. With the passage of time, the construction of human defense projects gradually embarked on a formalized, scientific track, China has built a large number of high quality, large, effective dual-use projects, the types of human defense projects are complete, formed a certain scale. However, because in the past, the early projects built by the mass movement have left a deep impression in people's minds, so many people do not understand the current situation of the construction of human defense projects. Recognition is still stuck in the 70's level, that the human defense project is an air-raid shelter. In fact, this view is very one-sided. After more than 20 years of development, the human defense project has changed the face and image of the past.
Question 10: How to determine the level of resistance of the human defense basement is generally determined by the local *** People's Air Defense Office in accordance with the local air defense planning to determine the level of human defense in each place according to its geographic location and economic capacity of the different levels of human defense is also different.