Traditional Chinese Medicine Essay Sample
Title: On the treatment of constipation in the elderly
1 etiology and pathogenesis
1.1 Qi and blood insufficiency Because of the weakness of the body in old age, the function of the spleen and stomach is insufficient, and there is no source for the generation of Qi and blood, and the weakness of Qi is the weakness of the conduction of the large intestine, and the weakness of blood is the depletion of fluid, which results in the formation of constipation. When the blood is weak, the large intestine is weak in conduction, and when the blood is weak, the fluid is exhausted, and the large intestine loses moistening, and constipation is formed.
1.2 Yang deficiency and cold condensation When you are old and weak and have insufficient yang qi, yin and cold are born inside, stagnating in the stomach and intestines, resulting in the lack of yang qi, the lack of fluid, and the lack of intestinal conduction, which leads to the formation of constipation.
1.3 Yin fluid insufficiency Elderly weak or long illness, or taking too much laxative drugs, resulting in great injury to the fluid, intestinal dryness, stool dry knot difficult to go down.
1.4 Qi stagnation Older people, more worry and anxiety or sedentary less mobile, resulting in Qi stagnation, viscera gas, dregs of the internal stop and cause constipation.
1.5 Stomach and intestinal heat The body of the Yang Sheng, or drinking too much, or overeating spicy and thick flavors, to the stomach and intestinal heat, or after the heat disease, the residual heat is not yet exhausted, exhaustion of fluid, so that the intestinal tract is lost in the moistening and constipation.
2 Treatment
2.1 Non-pharmacological treatment should develop the habit of regular defecation, pay attention to dietary regulation and physical exercise, especially functional constipation should be. Food should be rich in fiber and drink plenty of water.
2.2 Pharmacological treatment Constipation is clinically categorized as gas constipation, deficiency constipation, cold constipation and heat constipation. Deficiency constipation is further divided into 2 types: Qi deficiency and blood deficiency.
2.2.1 Qi deficiency constipation is characterized by a desire to go to the toilet, but the struggle is weak, the stool is not dry and hard, fatigue and timidity, the tongue is tender and moss is thin, and the pulse is weak. The medicinal use of astragalus, poria, hawthorn, wood, Buddha's hand, rafters, hemp kernel, white honey and so on.
2.2.2 Blood deficiency constipation characterized by constipation, pale face, pale tongue and thin pulse. The medicinal use of Angelica sinensis, hemp kernel, jade bamboo, raw ground, ripened ground, yuan ginseng, Buddha's hand, fragrant rafters, Citrus aurantium, raw astragalus, white honey and so on.
2.2.3 Cold constipation, characterized by difficult stool, or cold pain in the abdomen, like heat and hate cold, pale tongue with white coating, and slow pulse. The medicinal use of Angelica sinensis, the spleen, Cistanches, wood, hedgehog, hemp kernel, raw astragalus and so on.
2.2.4 Qi constipation is characterized by constipation, frequent yelping, abdominal distension and pain, chest constipation, thin and greasy coating, and stringy pulse. The medicines used are wood incense, betel hammer, Buddha's hand, tulip, citrus aurantium, hemp kernel, Chai Hu, Nei Jin and so on.
2.2.5 Heat constipation, characterized by dry stools, thirst for cold drinks, yellow dry moss, pulse. Rheum palmatum, roasted Citrus aurantium, white peony, Radix et Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix Astragali, etc. are used as medicines.
3 Typical cases
3.1 Female patient, 65 years old. Chronic constipation with lumbar pain and lumbar cold, abdominal distension at times, poor appetite. The tongue is pale, the moss is thin and white, and the pulse is sunken. The evidence belongs to Yang deficiency of the spleen and kidney, and the treatment is to warm up the spleen and kidney. Prescription: 10g of Spleen, 20g of Cistanche, 15g of Astragalus, 10g of Buddha's hand, 10g of Fragrant rafter, 15g of Hawthorn, 15g of Angelica sinensis, 10g of Cow's Knee, 15g of Shouwu.
The patient is weak, and there is deficiency of Yang in Spleen and Kidneys, and the cold is generated from the inside, and the intestinal tract is weak in transmitting the cold, so the constipation is due to this. Insufficient kidney yang, lumbar pain and lumbar cold. If the spleen is weak in transportation, there is abdominal distension and poor appetite. After 5 doses of this formula, there was one bowel movement per day. After the guarding formula conditioning.
3.2 Male patient, 92 years old. He had undergone major gastrectomy for gastric cancer, and had bowel movement once a day or once a week. He used the product of laxative and laxative, and the diarrhea was more than that after taking the product. There was abdominal distension, fatigue, pallor, cough, phlegm, thin yellow slightly greasy moss, and fine pulse. Identified as deficiency of qi and blood, the treatment is to benefit qi and replenish blood, lubricate the intestines and pass stool. Prescription: Astragalus 15g, Poria 15g, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng 15g, Psoralea vulgaris 20g, Fructus Forskohlii 15g, Gerbera odorata 15g, Radix et Rhizoma Pinelliae 10g, Radix et Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati 10g, Radix Angelicae Sinensis 15g, Fructus Crataegi 15g, Radix et Rhizoma Paeoniae Alba 15g.
The patient's insufficient qi and blood, and the deficiency in the spleen do not move the spleen, which results in constipation and bloating. Water and drink cannot be transported and transformed, so they gather into phlegm. When there is no source of qi and blood biochemistry in spleen deficiency, the face becomes pale and weak. Raw Astragalus, Poria, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng strengthens the spleen and benefits the qi, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Paeoniae Alba nourishes the blood and moistens the dryness, Fructus Fructus, Fragrant rafters, Mullein, Ulmenium regulates the qi to help the spleen to transport and transform, Raw Hawthorn strengthens the stomach and eliminates the food, Whole Gua Piper Purposes clearing the phlegm and heat, and also lubricates the intestines and passes the stools. 5 doses of the formula is every 1~2d normal stools. After the formula, to strengthen the spleen and qi, nourish the blood and moisten the dryness of the main regulation.
4 Discussion
The elderly viscera function is weakened, the intestinal transmission powerless, so into the constipation. To the virtual secret, cold secret, gas secret mainly. In the treatment, can not be presumptuous use of laxative medicine, but should be laxative main, while adding the qi spleen products. Although diet and disease, such as drinking alcohol or overeating spicy and thick flavors, can also appear hot constipation, but mostly for the mixture of deficiency and solid. Therefore, the use of laxatives and Qi-breaking drugs should be cautious. If the laxative is used for a long time or the dosage is too large, it will interfere with the normal reflexes and form drug dependence, and at the same time, it will also make the qi, blood, fluid and liquid more impaired, resulting in the drying up of the intestinal fluid, which will aggravate the constipation. The application of laxatives must be stopped in the disease, after the relief of constipation, that is to go to the laxative, and according to the cause of the disease, respectively, continue to apply the spleen, qi, warming Yang, blood, moistening the dry, etc., in order to treat the root of the problem, to prevent constipation from recurring.
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Title: Chinese herbal medicine market trend analysis study
First, a large shock adjustment changes unusual
By the SARS epidemic, the 2003 Chinese herbal medicine trade ups and downs, changes unusual, the overall trend is significantly better than in previous years. Chinese herbal medicines trading red-hot, sales continue to climb, varieties rise more than drop less, showing a rare active situation in recent years. From time to time, roughly: 2003 1 ~ 3 months, the SARS epidemic appeared, Chinese herbal market from weak to smooth, trading than the winter of 2002 increased significantly, most varieties of prices rose steadily, the market began to recover; 4 ~ the first half of June, the SARS epidemic intensified, the purchase and sale of herbs, batch turnover accelerated, many varieties of prices soared, hot spot herbs market price to hit a new record high; in June after. On the one hand, the SARS epidemic is under effective control, on the other hand, the state embarked on a professional market for Chinese herbal medicines to carry out special governance and reorganization, the ban on the sale of traditional Chinese medicine tablets, medicinal materials trading quickly fell back into the trough; Into September, the trading of medicinal materials to regain vitality, the market is becoming more and more active. During the period, the amplitude of the shock, the speed of change is rare for years.
Second, the sales continue to rise, more varieties of decline
An overview of the 2003 trade in medicinal herbs, both in terms of sales volume or sales are compared to previous years, there has been a substantial increase. 17 professional market of nearly 300 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine commonly used in the bulk of the sales volume and sales of an average of 25% over 2002 to 48% and 33% to 42% respectively. Among them, the price of varieties accounted for about 48.5% to 54.3% of the statistical caliber, the price of stable varieties accounted for about 28% to 33%, the price of varieties accounted for about 12.7% to 23.5% of the decline.
In recent years, China's agricultural planting structure continues to adjust, especially after joining the WTO, the market for agricultural products is highly competitive, and there has been a rise in various parts of the ? The hot planting of medicines? Especially some of the annual sales in thousands of tons, more than 10,000 tons of bulk commonly used Chinese herbal medicines, since 1998 has been running in the trough: such as Panax quinquefolium, home grown Salvia miltiorrhiza, Astragalus, Paeonia lactiflora, thick Park, Poria, and so on. However, SARS has made the trading of Chinese herbal medicines, which has been dormant for years, active again. Fenghuang, Guanzhong, Yinhua and other prices have risen dozens of times more, even the blue root, astragalus, white peony and other years of abuse of the market varieties have also been snapped up.
Three, the five triggers give birth to the trading of medicinal herbs fever
2003, the trading of medicinal herbs red-hot, although the middle of the shock ups and downs, but the overall trade is significantly better than before, is a rare year of harvest. The reasons for this favorable situation are as follows:
1, stimulated by the SARS epidemic, the sale of medicinal herbs is booming. In the sniper SARS battle, traditional Chinese medicine shine, played an important role. For a time there was a rush to buy Chinese herbs boom, to the weak herbal trade injected vitality, pulling most of the home grown herbs out of the doldrums.
2, affected by drought and flooding, the decline in production of herbs. China's southern and northern droughts and floods have occurred, resulting in Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Anhui, Heilongjiang, Jilin and other major producing areas of the market supply of medicinal herbs, a serious decline in the root of Panax quinquefolius, Platycodon grandiflorus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Angelica dahuricae, the birthplace of ground, off gentian and other root and stem herbs and the north of the schizandra, plantain, gardenia, jujube, cypress kernel, spring nut and other seeds of the class of medicinal herbs prices have varying degrees of upward fluctuation.
3, by the ban on hunting and harvesting of wild animals and plants and returning farmland to forests, environmental protection and other policy constraints, especially over the decades of 'over-exploitation and utilization caused by the scarcity of wild herbs, the market supply is decreasing, resulting in rising prices. Wild herbs have become a hot spot for the market in recent years. Cordyceps, Guanfeng, Gentiana Macrophylla, wild ginseng, through the mountain dragon, gadfly, Ma Bao, forest frog oil and other wild herbs have been at a high price. 2002 wild herbs prices rose the most varieties of wild herbs when the Cordyceps, from the beginning of the year 16,000 yuan rose to 26,750 yuan, king of the king of the extraordinarily large Cordyceps has risen to a peak of 41,000 yuan.
4, increased export demand. Into 2003, the export of Chinese herbal medicines showed a resumption of growth, the overall situation to the good direction. Especially after China's accession to the WTO, Chinese herbal medicines export channels to broaden the scope of sales. Platycodon grandiflorum, northern salvia, yam, scutellaria baicalensis, radix et rhizoma ginseng, rosmarinus officinalis and other varieties of exports smoothly.
5, by the fall of grain, cotton and oil and other agricultural products prices, some of the home grown varieties are coincidentally follow the price of agricultural products up.
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