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I.City--PuNing City
City Name: PuNing City Pinyin: PuNing Shi
Latitude and Longitude: It is located between 23 degrees 5 minutes north latitude and 23 degrees 31 minutes north latitude, and between 115 degrees 43 minutes east longitude and 116 degrees 21 minutes east longitude
Postal Code: 515300 Code: 445281 Area Code: 0663
Dialect: Mainly Teochew, with Hakka spoken in several towns near the mountainous area of Nanyang.
Location of municipal government: the municipal people's government is located in the north street of Liusha Town, Puning City
Puning City is a county-level city in Guangdong Province under the subjurisdiction of Jieyang City, and is the most populous county-level city in China.
[edit paragraph] Basic Overview
Puning City is located in the southeastern part of Guangdong Province, the western edge of the Chaoshan Plain, southwestern Jieyang City, east of Shantou City, Chaonan, Chaoyang 2 districts, south of Huilai County, southwest of the city of Shantou City, Lufeng, Luhe, 2 counties (cities), northwestern Jiexi County, northeastern boundary of the Rongcheng District, located in the longitude of 115 ° 43 ′ 10 〃 - 116 ° 21 ′ 02 〃 - 116 ° 21 ′ 02 〃 - 116 ′ 21 ″ East. -It is located at longitude 115°43′10〃-116°21′02〃, latitude 23°05′40〃-23°31′48〃, the longest distance between east and west is 50 kilometers, the longest distance between north and south is 38 kilometers, and the perimeter of the city line is about 206 kilometers, with a total area of 1,620 square kilometers, equivalent to 2.43 million mu, of which 384,000 mu are arable land. The total area of the city is 1,620 square kilometers, or 2.43 million acres, of which 384,000 acres are cultivated land, accounting for 15.8%, and 1,447,000 acres are mountainous land (referring to forestry land, excluding overseas Chinese farms), accounting for 59.6%, with the urban planning and control area of 157 square kilometers and the built-up area of 22 square kilometers. The total population of 2092,206 people (end of 2003).
Puning is "China's textile industry base city", textile and clothing is the city's leading industry, the other pillar industry is the pharmaceutical industry. 2007 Puning city completed the GDP of 17.195 billion yuan.
[Edit Paragraph]Physical Geography
Puning City, the main rivers in the territory of the Rong River, Lianjiang and Longjiang three major water systems, the terrain tilted from west to east, the low mountains and high hills and valley plains interlaced with the distribution of uneven, the southern part of the large Nanshan Mountain, the southwestern part of the Emei Roach hills and Nanyang Mountain hills, the northeastern part of the Iron Mountain, Hongshan low hills, the central part of the broad plains, in the plains and hills in between the distribution of tablelands, the city's mountains and hills, the city of the mountains and hills, the city of the mountains. There is a tableland distribution, the city's mountains for the Lotus Mountains to the southeast extension of the branch. The city is a southern subtropical monsoon humid climate zone, sunshine and high temperatures, summer long winter warm spring comes early, the annual sunshine hours in 2000 hours or so, about 6 hours a day on average, sunny and warmer, the average annual temperature of 21 ℃ - 22 ℃ between. Summer lasts more than half a year, generally starting in April to mid-October before the autumn, affected by the oceanic climate, high summer temperatures without heat, in July, the highest temperature, the average daily temperature of about 28 ℃, the highest daily temperature ≥ 35 ℃ of the number of days of heat, within 3 days a year. Winter is short, usually from December to January, during which the region is controlled by cold air, with small precipitation and relatively low temperatures, but very little severe cold. The coldest January, the average daily temperature is still > 13 ℃, higher than the meteorological average daily temperature ≤ 10 ℃ as the standard of winter, to the beginning of the rainy season in February, the temperature rises grass sprouting, although there is still the threat of cold spells, but already a vibrant sad early spring scene. 1959-2004, the average annual precipitation was 2101.5 mm, the annual The highest precipitation was 3,165 millimeters in 1973 and the lowest was 1,233.3 millimeters in 2004, and the cumulative annual relative humidity averaged 82 percent.
[edit]Economic Overview
Textile Base
In China's textile and garment industry, Puning has become a resounding name, since the reform and opening up, Puning to take advantage of the overseas Chinese townships and the market advantage of the development of textile and garment industry, especially in recent years, the production of shirts to form a large-scale development. At present, the city *** more than 2,000 textile and garment enterprises, employing more than 100,000 people, annual output value of more than 10 billion yuan, has formed a set of staple fibers, spinning, weaving, printing and dyeing, finishing, accessories, garments, design, production, sales, exports in one of the system of industrial clusters, presenting enterprise agglomeration, categories of agglomerations, talent clustering, brand clustering, market clustering, "the five major characteristics". Huge market potential for the "exhibition industry" has laid a good foundation, through institutional innovation and technological transformation, Puning textile and garment cluster rapid development and growth, showing the extension of the industry chain at both ends, the vertical expansion of the agglomeration, the production of comprehensive development of the characteristics of the categories, with shirts, T-shirts, underwear, woolen, pajamas as the representative of a series of garments in the forefront of the domestic counterparts, Puning has a series of garments, which are in the forefront of the domestic counterparts. The series of garments represented by shirts, T-shirts, underwear, woolen knitwear and pajamas are in the forefront of domestic counterparts, and Puning has a number of reputations, such as "China's textile industry base city", "the first city of shirts", "the kingdom of fashionable shirts", and "expert of shirt manufacturing". expert" and many other reputation, dominated the fashion trend, enjoying a good reputation at home and abroad.
Chinese herbal medicine base
Puning has a long history of planting Chinese herbs, as early as in the Ming and Qing dynasties, the people of Puning have the habit of planting Chinese herbs, especially in the Nanyang mountainous areas of the Funapu, after the stream, Meiling and other townships, planting of herbs has formed a large scale very early. According to statistics, Puning produces more than 400 kinds of medicinal herbs, among which Chenpi, Ume, broken bone filler, yam, mountain branch, zejiao, Buddha's hand, Hovenia, Qingpi, Pueraria lobata, etc. taste positive and pure, is the local famous and excellent specialties. Chinese herbal medicine trade with production, Puning Chinese herbal medicine market has a long history, according to data records, before the liberation has been very prosperous. The Shantou Daily of the Republic of China published the information that Puning Meilin Medicine Market was a "small international market" for medicinal herbs.
Since the reform and opening up, Puning Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have taken advantage of the situation to vigorously cultivate the medicinal industry, cultivate the market, and formed a large-scale professional market for Chinese herbal medicines. The market is one of the first eight national designated Chinese herbal medicine professional market, is approved by the State Food and Drug Administration in Guangdong Province, one of the two professional Chinese herbal medicine market. The market was approved by the state in July 1997 as one of the first eight national designated professional market of Chinese herbal medicines, and was built and delivered in September 1998, covering an area of 60,000 square meters, with more than 300 sets of stores of three floors as a unit, 120 stall-type stores, and 405 herbal medicine operators, with a superior environment and a complete set of facilities in the market. The market is the largest distribution center of herbs in east Guangdong, the market daily average listing of more than 1,000 varieties, the annual trade turnover of more than 1.4 billion yuan, the sales of Chinese herbal medicines have been radiated to 18 provinces and cities across the country, and exported to Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong, Macao, North America and other countries and regions. In addition the city's western and proprietary Chinese medicine wholesale enterprises nearly 74, 11 medical equipment business enterprises, pharmaceutical industry enterprises 7, of which Guangdong Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is a listed company, four years later, by the Kangmei Pharmaceutical investment in the construction of one of South China's largest modernized traditional Chinese medicine logistics port will be completed in Puning City, Guangdong Province, the annual distribution of 500,000 tons of traditional Chinese medicines, the ability to promote the upgrading of traditional Chinese medicine circulation industry. Puning's pharmaceutical industry is also showing broad prospects for development, has become the leading industry of Puning's economic development, in 2007, the city of Puning herbs also won the "Chinese medicine city pilot city" title.
Three major industries in general
The city's industrial and commercial registration of all types of markets 72, with a total area of 560,000 square meters, the territory of Chinese herbal medicines, textiles, clothing, cigarettes, vegetables, fruits, aquatic products, non-staple foods, food, auto parts ten major markets, ten thousand merchants gathered in the city of all things, radiation, known as the nation's overseas, which Liusha Clothing Market is the national civilization of the market and the nation's top one hundred! The market is one of the first 8 designated markets for Chinese herbal medicines approved by the state, it is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine distribution center based on production base, it is the biggest window for southern medicine to go to the whole country and the whole world, and it is a star of Chinese herbal medicine market in the country. 1994, the city's social output value of 10.04 billion yuan, GDP of 5.01 billion yuan, and the financial income of 305 million yuan, the total industrial and agricultural output value of 7.04 billion yuan, and the total industrial and agricultural output value of 7.04 billion yuan. In 1994, the city's social output value was 10.04 billion yuan, GDP 5.01 billion yuan, financial income 305 million yuan, total industrial and agricultural output value was 7.04 billion yuan, an increase of 63.5%, 52.8%, 67.9% and 67.6% respectively over the previous year. At present, the city has more than 5,000 industrial enterprises, has formed a clothing, food, electromechanical, chemical, plastic and other pillar industries.
Puning's tertiary industry is well developed and active. Fruit, fabrics, clothing, medicinal herbs and other ten professional market ten thousand merchants set ten thousand things surging city, radiating 117 cities across the country, the annual trade turnover of more than 5 billion yuan. Puning excellent investment environment. Urban Liusha is located in the 324 National Highway, the province of 1930 lines, the intersection of Anqian line, the city highway in all directions. Electricity and telecommunication construction is advancing by leaps and bounds. The city has one 220kV substation, five 110kV substations, four 35kV substations, three thermal power plants, and 100% power grid coverage. The city has realized program-controlled telephone and digital transmission. At present, it has 120,000 program-controlled telephones, and its communication capacity ranks ninth among the top 100 counties (cities) in China.
[Edit Paragraph]History
Puning has a long history, in three or four thousand years ago, there are ancestors living and breathing, the Han Dynasty under the South China Sea County Jieyang County. Eastern Jin Dynasty Emperor Xianhe six years (331 years) under the Chao Yang County, Ming Jiajing forty-two years (1563 years) analysis of Chao Yang County west of Yangwu, Rongshui, Huangkeng 3, to take the meaning of "universal tranquility" the first set up Pu'an County, the initial county seat was set up in Rongshui Du (now in Guiyu Town, Chaonan District, Shantou City, Shantou City, within the territory of the county). To Wanli ten years (1582), will be Pu'an County renamed Puning County, and will be Pu'an County, Yangwu, Rongshui 2 are assigned to the jurisdiction of Chaoyang County, Wanli fourteen years (1586), the county seat moved to Houyu (now the town of Hongyang). Qing Yongzheng ten years (1732) Guangdong governor Yang Wenqian approved by decree the Chao Yang County Rongshui 170 villages, 93 villages in the western half of the Guishan and Yang Wu are the tail section of 45 villages under the jurisdiction of the Puning County, in the Ming and Qing dynasties Puning County under the Chaozhou Prefecture, the Republic of China under the Chaozhu Road, Dongjiang Administrative Commissioners Office, the Fifth District Administrative Inspector-General's Office. 1949 July 1 Puning County People's Government was established in Liusha Town, after the founding of New China. After the establishment of New China, Puning County was successively under the Guangdong Province Chaoshan Office, Guangdong East Administration, Shantou Prefecture Commissioner's Office, Shantou Regional Administrative Office, Shantou City, and 505 villages in Nanyang Mountainous District of Huilai County, Daping Township of Lufeng County, and Jieyang's Jiudou and Wushi Villages were assigned to Puning County on March 1, 1950. Huilai County into, in March 1961 Huilai County precipitated. 1993 April 6, the Ministry of Civil Affairs (civil line approved [1993] No. 71) approved the withdrawal of Puning County to build cities (county-level), under the jurisdiction of Jieyang City, in 2003, the withdrawal of the two townships of Huangsha, Nanyang and Shipai Township were merged into the Funapu, Meilin, Rihu 3 towns, especially in the Cliff Stream wild vegetative orchid is famous for the flower bloom season incense overflowing the four wild, the "Tie Roach Orchid Fen", the "Tie Roach Orchid Fen". "Iron Roach Orchid Fen" is one of the eight scenic spots of Puning in the old days, Iron Mountain is the "town mountain" of Puning, and now "Iron Mountain Orchid" is the emblem of Puning City. Now has jurisdiction over Liusha East, Liusha West, Liusha South, Liusha North, Chi Mei 5 streets, Zhamlong, Jungbu, under the frame of the mountain, Nanshan Mountain, cloud fall, Gaopu, Daping, Funapu, Meilin, Lihu, Meitang, Liaoyuan, Dam, Chigang, Hongyang, Nanxi, Guangtai, Kirin, Nanyi 19 townships, the back of the Creek 1 townships, as well as the Ma'anshan, Daping, Dachi 3 farms, with a jurisdiction of 518 administrative villages and 46 community neighborhood committees. At the end of 2006, the city's total population of 2,168,100 people, the main ethnic groups for the Han, Han population accounted for more than 99.99% of the total population, and a very small number of other due to marriage and job transfers settled in the city of Zhuang, Korean, Yao, Li and other 28 ethnic minorities **** more than 400 people.
Puning is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese, from the distant past of the red-headed boat across the sea from the age of the overseas compatriots are concerned about their homeland, enthusiastic hometown cause of the feelings of the children will be passed on from generation to generation, not only for the construction of their hometowns, the development of the material support provided by the precious, but also for the understanding of the world of Puning, the world to pave the Rainbow Bridge, the city now has overseas Chinese and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots living abroad 1.835 million people living in 30 countries and regions of the world, has emerged in the city. There are now 1.835 million overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan residing in more than 30 countries and regions in the world, and there have emerged such outstanding national leaders in overseas Chinese affairs as Fang Fang and Zhuang Shiping. Most of the compatriots abroad have become successful, there are a large number of industrial and commercial giants, political figures, as well as celebrities and scholars, they not only contribute to the prosperity of the overseas Chinese living in the land, patriotic love for their hometowns have a long history, only since the reform and opening up, the compatriots have donated more than 600 million Hong Kong dollars, a large number of public welfare undertakings in their hometowns, but also invested more than 300 million U.S. dollars to set up industries in their hometowns, the construction of the Puning has made a great contribution.
[Edit Paragraph]Fruit Township
Because it is located in the south of the Tropic of Cancer, sunny and rainy, four seasons like spring land is fertile, with the development of fruit production unique natural environment and geographical conditions. Puning is the famous "hometown of fruit", the city has a high-value high-quality fruit base of 35,300 hectares, fruit production ranks among the top 100 counties (cities) of the national fruit production value. Fruit cultivation has a long history, fruit farmers are experienced in cultivation, fruit varieties of resources, especially rare and valuable varieties (*** there are 286 varieties of 30 families and 64 categories). The city's total area of fruit cultivation of 35,100 hectares, with an annual output of 158,000 tons, has been named by the relevant state departments as "China's hometown of green plums", "China's banana citrus hometown", "China's hometown of green olive "and" China's green plum planting resource base "in March 2006 by the Ministry of Agriculture to develop the South Asian tropical crops office approved, Puning City was recognized as" South subtropical green olive famous base".
[edit]Overseas Chinese and education
Puning City is a famous cultural hometown in Chaoshan, has always respected teachers and a good culture, high humanistic qualities, the party and government in accelerating the construction of the economy at the same time, give priority to the development of education, and actively investing in the efforts to improve the conditions of schooling. Over the past five years, the city's total investment in education in more than 1.225 billion yuan, of which invested 416 million yuan in school building construction funds, new construction, alteration of school buildings 263 / times, with a total floor area of 665,000 square meters, in Puning, "the most beautiful building is the school" has become a reality. At present, the city has 734 schools at all levels, teaching staff 18,900,000 people, 407,200 primary and secondary school students, as well as secondary teacher training, teacher training schools, adult junior colleges, radio and television universities, Chaoshan College, a reasonable educational structure.
[Edit Paragraph]Tourism Resources
Puning City is the old revolutionary area of Guangdong Province, the distribution of numerous historical relics, monuments and revolutionary heritage sites, by the excavation and management, the city is now identified as: 13 ancient cultural heritage sites, 8 ancient tombs, 11 ancient buildings, 7 monuments, 18 ancient monuments and engravings, 39 revolutionary sites, 5 Revolutionary Memorial Buildings, Revolutionary Martyrs Tomb There are 6 revolutionary memorial buildings, 6 revolutionary martyrs' graves and more than 200 pieces of revolutionary documents and relics in the museum. Natural conditions are unique, the Tropic of Cancer passes through here, and is regulated by the ocean warm air flow, all seasons are like spring known as "the town of water village", rich tourism resources and attractions, featuring landscape scenery, natural hot springs, Chao culture, revolutionary sites, religious temples and other attractions, constituting the unique natural and humanistic tourism landscape of Puning. The city is characterized by mountain scenery, natural hot springs, revolutionary culture and religious temples. Puning in the Qing Dynasty during the Qianlong period formed the Kungang Pine rhyme, Iron Roach Lanfen, Ling Hui Ganquan, Qianhu fishing boat, Peifeng Pagoda, Hong Temple, South Rock far view, Yunshi woodcutting trail "eight scenic spots", these attractions are in the vicinity of the so-called Hongyang, eight scenic spots in the present only Peifeng Pagoda, South Rock, Yunshiyan still exists, Peifeng Pagoda in the west of the town of Hongyang Wuliu, commonly known as the Wuliu Tower. Qing Qianlong seven years (1742) built, seven plane octagonal, tower height of 36 meters, for the masonry frame shell gray triad structure, the tower within the turn of 120 stone steps, the building is very distinctive. Within the Panlong Pavilion, Horse Hissing Rock, Yunshi Rock, White Water Rock, Bath Dragon Rock, Zhanggang Rock, Yuantongan and other ancient temples and temples, all of which are beautiful, ancient trees. The ancient town of Hongyang (Puning old city) covers an area of 40,000 square meters, the country's rare government-style giant building group De'anli - Governor's House is currently well-preserved extra-large group of buildings in the Qing Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty anti-British anti-drugs, Humen smoke Minister Lin Zexu loyal souls return to place --- Wenchang Pavilion is also intact. -Wenchang Pavilion is also intact, Comrade Zhou Enlai presided over the Nanchang Uprising in Liusha, the former site of the Nanchang Uprising South Force Command Military Decision-making Conference - "August 1" Memorial Museum, Peng Pei martyrs and couples living in the "White Horse Chai Stone House", Marshal Xu Xiangqian lived in the early years of the former site of the Red Army Field Hospital in Nanshan Mountain, the great poet Guo Moruo inscription "Liusha People's Park" within the "Red Palace", is a famous site that visitors The Red Palace" in the "Liusha People's Park" inscribed by the great poet Guo Moruo, is a famous place for visitors to linger. In addition, the elegant floating iron mountain orchid, smoke and mist of the Yunshi woodcutting path, water and sky connected to the Nanshan Mountain, downtown New River attractions on both sides of the river, a number of natural hot springs, so that the tourists relaxed and happy.
[Edit paragraph] Road traffic
Puning City is located in Guangdong, Fujian, Gan land transportation hub, has a superior investment environment, has a well-connected transportation network, infrastructure is getting better and better, JiePu Expressway, PuHui Expressway, National Highway 324, Provincial Highway 236, 238 lines in the urban area of the convergence of the city, the urban area west of the capital of Guangzhou City 400 kilometers away from the east from the city of Shantou 60 kilometers! The city is 400 kilometers away from the provincial capital Guangzhou City in the west, 60 kilometers away from Shantou City in the east, 40 kilometers away from Jieyang City in the north, the city's existing highway mileage of 1,168.3 kilometers, highway density of 72.1 kilometers / 100 square kilometers, of which 56.7 kilometers of highway, 45.1 kilometers of national highway, 102.9 kilometers of provincial highway, 201.1 kilometers of county highway, township roads, 762.5 km. Cement highway extends to all towns (townships), basically realized, the road to all towns (townships) basically realized cement, forming the urban area as the center, the highway, the national highway, the provincial highway as the main axis, the county road as the backbone, extends to the townships (townships) villages of the transportation network.
[Edit Paragraph]Local Characteristics
Puning Dried Beans
Puning Dried Beans in the prairie town of Guangnan Village to do, is the end of the Yuan and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, by the Chen Youliang military division He Noyun (known as the lice mother of immortality) taught. There is a "night out of ten thousand officials," said the villagers now have more production. Selection of high-quality soybeans as the main raw material, after grinding, dregs, cooking, crystallization, block, block, cooked and a series of processes made.
"Lion's Head" Oil Gan
Oil Gan scientific name Yu Gan, Jieyang are produced throughout the country, Puning is the main producing areas. Lion's head oil Gan is one of the good species, its fruit is large, flat and round shape, like a lion's head, the skin of the fruit is crystal bright and slightly transparent, thick meat and fine core, crisp taste sweet. Shan Gan can be eaten fresh, can be salted, can also be made into cold fruits, freshly eaten first sour and astringent and then sweet, after eating the teeth and cheeks of the aftertaste.
Puning Bamboo Sugar Cane
Puning Bamboo Sugar Cane refers to the famous Hongyang Bamboo Sugar Cane, which is produced in the Hongyang area of Puning, with a long history, and later expanded to the Nanxi and Guangtai areas. Puning bamboo cane has thin skin, tender green color, tender flesh, juicy slag less, sweet and refreshing, excellent juice drinking flavor, chewing flavor is particularly timeless. Eating can clear the heat and moisten the dryness, down the gas to produce fluids, for the fruit cane treasures
[Edit this paragraph]II. Books - "Pnin"
Introduction
"Pnin" is Nabokov's first novel to attract widespread attention and popularity among American readers. It describes the life of an exiled old Russian professor who teaches at an American academy. He is a gentle and eccentric character, out of tune with his surroundings, often ridiculed by his colleagues, and his wife has abandoned him. He was left alone, only to indulge in the pile of old paper, study the ancient Russian culture and classical literature to comfort himself; always recalling the past, revealing a strong nostalgia. Nabokov skillfully blends Russian culture and modern American civilization together, witty and witty portrayal of an uprooted man who has lost his homeland, cut off contact with his culture, and lost his love.
Author's Biography
Nabokov is recognized as an outstanding novelist and stylist of the twentieth century. On April 13, 1899, Nabokov was born in St. Petersburg. During the Bolshevik Revolution, Nabokov went into exile with his family in 1919 in Germany. After studying French and Russian literature at Trinity College, Cambridge, he began an eighteen-year literary career in Berlin and Paris. In 1940, Nabokov moved to the United States, where he taught at Wellesley, Stanford, Cornell, and Harvard Universities, and gained a reputation as a novelist, poet, critic, and translator, authoring long novels such as The Sign of the Concubine, Lolita, Pnin, and A Dim Fire. On September 15, 1955, Nabokov's most famous work, Lolita, was published by the Paris Olympia publishing house and sparked controversy. In 1961, Nabokov moved to Montreux, Switzerland; he died on July 2, 1977, in Lausanne.