The following is lumbar disc herniation (reposted) for your reference.
Lumbar disc herniation is one of the common lumbar diseases in clinic, and it is also a common and frequently-occurring disease in orthopedics. It is mainly because all parts of lumbar intervertebral disc (nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus and cartilage plate), especially nucleus pulposus, have different degrees of degenerative changes. Under the action of external factors, the annulus fibrosus of intervertebral disc ruptures, and the nucleus pulposus tissue protrudes backward or into the spinal canal, which leads to the stimulation or compression of adjacent tissues such as spinal nerve roots and spinal cord, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms such as low back pain, numbness and pain in one or both lower limbs.
Lumbar disc herniation is the diagnosis of western medicine, but there is no such disease name in Chinese medicine. Instead, the disease is classified as "low back pain" and "low back and leg pain". Low back and leg pain has been recorded in Chinese medicine for a long time, and its understanding is also very profound.
People prone to lumbar disc herniation:
(1) From the age point of view, lumbar disc herniation is more common in young adults. (2) From the perspective of gender, lumbar disc herniation is more common in men, and the incidence rate of men is higher than that of women. It is generally believed that the ratio of male to female is 4 ~ 12: 1. (3) In terms of body shape, people who are generally too obese or too thin are prone to lumbar disc herniation. (4) Professionally speaking, industrial workers with greater labor intensity are more common. But at present, the incidence of mental workers is not very low. (5) Posture: poor working posture. Desk workers, salespeople and textile workers who often stand are more common. (6) In terms of living and working environment, often being in a cold or humid environment has become a condition to induce lumbar disc herniation to a certain extent. (7) From the different periods of women, prenatal, postpartum and menopause are the dangerous periods of female lumbar disc herniation. (8) People with congenital lumbar dysplasia or deformity, even those who are too nervous, are prone to low back and leg pain. People who smoke may be related to cough. Cough may lead to increased pressure in intervertebral disc and spinal canal, which is prone to degeneration.
Etiology of lumbar disc herniation
(1) Degeneration of lumbar intervertebral disc: Degeneration of nucleus pulposus is mainly manifested by the decrease of water content, which can cause small-scale lesions such as instability and looseness of pushing and pressing joints; The degeneration of annulus fibrosus is mainly characterized by decreased toughness.
(2) The role of external force: slight injury caused by repeated external force for a long time, which acts on the lumbar intervertebral disc for a long time and aggravates the degree of degeneration.
(3) The weakness of the anatomical factors of the intervertebral disc itself: ① The intervertebral disc gradually lacks blood circulation in adulthood and its repair ability is poor. On the basis of the above factors, some inducing factors that can lead to the sudden increase of intervertebral disc pressure may make the nucleus pulposus with poor elasticity pass through the fibrous ring that has become less tough, thus making the nucleus pulposus protrude.
The inducing factors of lumbar disc herniation can be as follows;
① Sudden load bearing or waist flash is the main reason for the fracture of fiber ring. ② Lumbar trauma made the degenerated nucleus pulposus protrude.
③ Improper posture induces nucleus pulposus protrusion.
④ Protrusion of nucleus pulposus can also occur when abdominal pressure increases.
⑤ Cold and dampness. Cold or humidity can cause vasoconstriction, muscle spasm, increase intervertebral disc pressure, and may also cause degenerative intervertebral disc fracture. Lumbar disc herniation can also occur due to external overload or rapid bending, lateral bending and rotation, or lumbar trauma, improper daily life and work posture.
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the main causes and pathogenesis of low back and leg pain (lumbar disc herniation) are:
Deficiency and injury of kidney-qi, pathogenic wind, cold and dampness take advantage of it and bind bones and muscles. Coupled with excessive injury, twisting and falling, it also damaged the tendons and blocked the meridians, which was unbearable. Therefore, low back pain, inability to turn over and tremble, pain and numbness in the waist and legs are often difficult to heal.
Therefore, trauma and pathogenic wind, cold and dampness are the external causes of lumbar disc herniation, and kidney deficiency is the internal cause of lumbar disc herniation.
Lumbar disc herniation mode
<1> The annulus fibrosus relaxes and expands backward, but the superficial annulus fibrosus is not broken.
〈2〉 The intervertebral disc is partially protruded and the annulus fibrosus is broken;
(3) The nucleus pulposus is detached and free in the spinal canal;
〈4〉 Fibrosis or calcification of intervertebral disc, adhesion with dura mater.
Pathological classification of lumbar disc herniation
<1> convex type: the inner layer of the fiber ring is broken, and the outer layer is still intact.
〈2〉 Ruptured type: The annulus fibrosus has been ruptured, and the prominent nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus are only covered by the expansion of the posterior longitudinal ligament.
〈3〉 Free type: Protruded intervertebral disc tissue is free in the spinal canal, which can compress cauda equina nerve.
Signs and clinical manifestations of lumbar disc herniation;
Mainly low back pain and sciatica, there is often a history of lumbar sprain, fatigue or cold before the onset.
This kind of low back pain is aggravated by long-term walking, standing and other activities, and can be temporarily relieved after bed rest. Pain in one or both lower limbs is distributed along the sciatic nerve, pain is distributed along the hip to the back or outside of the thigh, and the back of the calf to the instep or sole. In some patients, the pain can start from the outside of the calf or ankle.
Half of the patients will suffer from cough, sneezing or abdominal exertion. For patients with high lumbar disc herniation, the symptoms are mostly pain in the groin area of lower abdomen or anterior and medial thigh. Patients with central disc herniation may have abnormal urination or incontinence, numbness in the saddle area, and even foot drop in severe cases. Some patients with lumbar disc herniation have chills of lower limbs due to stimulation of their lumbar sympathetic nerves, and some may also have unilateral or bilateral edema of lower limbs.
How to diagnose lumbar disc herniation?
Modern medical methods for diagnosing lumbar disc herniation include X-ray, CT and MRI. Depending on the characteristics, such as X-ray and CT examination, it is more sensitive to bone tissue lesions and more sensitive to MRI (nuclear magnetic resonance) of soft tissue lesions.
Ordinary X-ray plain film needs to take the lumbosacral positive position film, and if necessary, take the left and right oblique position film. Scoliosis is common, and sometimes the intervertebral space is narrowed and the edge of the vertebral body is lip-shaped. X-ray signs can not be used as the basis for the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation, but can be used to exclude some diseases.
Lumbar CT shows that soft tissue protrudes backward into the spinal canal, often compressing nerve roots on one side, and calcified shadows appear. CT is a non-invasive examination, which can clearly reflect the protruding parts.
Lumbar MRI showed dehydration and degeneration of intervertebral disc in pathological stage, which could be diagnosed as lumbar disc herniation.
Most patients with lumbar disc herniation can make a correct diagnosis according to clinical symptoms or signs. The main symptoms and signs are: low back pain with "sciatica" radiating to the calf or foot, and the straight leg elevation test is positive; There is obvious tenderness point near the lumbar 4-5 or lumbar 5- sacrum 1 vertebra, which radiates pain to the calf or foot. The skin sensation of anterolateral or posterolateral leg decreased, the toe muscle strength decreased, and the Achilles tendon reflex of the affected side weakened or disappeared. X-rays can rule out other bone diseases. Lumbar CT or MRI can make a definite diagnosis.
Traditional Chinese medicine divides lumbago and leg pain into the following syndrome types, and its characteristics are as follows:
(1) wind-cold-dampness type: low back pain is light and heavy, and soreness is serious, so it is not suitable for sideways. When the cold gets worse, the temperature will drop. The tongue coating is white and greasy, and the pulse is heavy and thin.
(2) Damp-heat type: low back pain accompanied by heat sensation, leg pain is swelling or jumping pain, turbid urine and bitter taste. The tongue coating is thin and white or yellow and greasy, and the pulse is thin.
(3) Qi stagnation type: acute low back pain, unstable walking, difficulty in rollover, and both lower limbs can be involved. The tongue is dark red, the fur is thin and white, and the pulse is astringent.
(4) Blood stasis type: low back and leg pain with localized pain, numbness of both lower limbs and stiff waist. The tongue is purple and dark with ecchymosis and astringent pulse.
(5) Deficiency type of liver and kidney: low back pain with soreness, weakness of both lower limbs and aggravated strain, which is relieved after rest and likes pressing. The tongue coating is thin and white with thin pulse.
The treatment of lumbar disc herniation?
The main problem of lumbar disc herniation is that the protrusion compresses the nerve root, and aseptic inflammation around the nerve root follows. The key to treatment is to relieve the compression of nerve roots by the process, eliminate the chemical stimulation of aseptic inflammation and not increase the pain of patients. If the oppression is not completely relieved, as long as the inflammation subsides, it can be basically cured. There are many clinical treatment methods, but different patients should choose the appropriate treatment method according to different conditions.
Several treatment methods of lumbar disc herniation;
Non-surgical treatment is also called conservative treatment Commonly used methods include: direct external application of traditional Chinese medicine, external application of various Chinese and western medicines, traction therapy, massage therapy, physical therapy (analgesia, anti-inflammatory release of adhesion, softening scar and exciting neuromuscular), acupuncture therapy, fumigation and washing of traditional Chinese medicine, hormone shock therapy, sacral canal block therapy, nerve root block therapy and so on. Even simple bed rest is a traditional and effective treatment.
The surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation has been mature after long-term development, including fusion, decompression and posterior surgery. Side effects are the factors of high risk, high cost and possible recurrence after operation. In addition, there are some side effects of interventional therapy between operation and non-operation, such as percutaneous aspiration of nucleus pulposus, collagenase dissolution and laser disc nucleolysis, which are also risky and relatively expensive.
In short, doctors and patients should choose appropriate treatment methods according to specific lesions, symptoms and economic conditions.
Non-surgical methods (conservative treatment) mostly use the method of minimizing the patient's injury, so it is often called "conservative treatment". 80% ~ 90% of patients can be cured by non-surgical treatment, which is the safest and cheapest for patients.
Which patients are suitable for non-surgical treatment (conservative treatment):
(1) The symptoms of lumbar disc herniation are mild, which can be obviously improved after rest, or the course of disease is long, but it has little influence on life and work and is easy to cure.
(2) Lumbar disc herniation appeared for the first time or many times, but the pain was not very severe and it was not treated conservatively.
(3) Patients whose general or local conditions are not suitable for surgery, such as the elderly, poor health and family economic conditions, or lumbar disc herniation accompanied by extensive myofascitis, rheumatism and other symptoms.
(4) Patients with undiagnosed diagnosis, such as clinically suspected lumbar disc herniation, have atypical symptoms, and no disc herniation has been found by myelography, CT and MRI. It can be observed and treated at the same time, which is not suitable for surgery.
(5) Patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or diabetes, or patients with anesthesia contraindications, are not suitable for surgical treatment.
The above situation is not absolute. We should choose the appropriate treatment method under the guidance of doctors according to the specific situation of patients.
Lumbar traction?
Lumbar traction can enlarge the lumbar intervertebral space and cause negative pressure in the intervertebral disc. The tension of the posterior longitudinal ligament will help to accommodate the protruding nucleus pulposus or change its relationship with nerve roots. With the enlargement of intervertebral space and the opening of articular process, the intervertebral foramen returns to its normal shape, thus relieving the compression on nerve roots. Traction can relieve muscle spasm and intervertebral pressure. Traction is beneficial to the recovery of normal relationship due to slight abnormal changes in the posterior joint of lumbar spine, to the reduction of impacted synovium of the posterior joint of spinal column, or to the reduction of slight dislocation of articular process, but it is difficult to achieve good results by traction alone. Practice has proved that cervical and lumbar traction combined with "Chinese medicine bonesetting" has the best effect and can achieve the ideal effect. In addition, excessive traction can easily lead to lumbar instability and aggravate pain.
Contraindications for traction of lumbar disc herniation ① Central lumbar disc herniation with dysfunction of urination and defecation. ② Lumbar disc herniation with spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis. ③ Patients with lumbar disc herniation and obvious general weakness. ④ Pregnant women with lumbar disc herniation and menstruating women. (5) The diagnosis is unclear, and destructive diseases of lumbar spine are suspected. (6) Patients with obvious osteoporosis are not suitable for traction therapy. (7) Patients who can be treated with traction after diagnosis, but feel worse symptoms and have severe pain after traction.
medicine
Drug therapy is an auxiliary means, and it is obvious to achieve the ideal effect with the use of external drugs.
(1) Non-steroidal analgesics, such as indomethacin and ibuprofen, have strong analgesic effects, and also have strong anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic effects. However, general anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs can not be taken for a long time, especially for patients with liver/kidney disease, hypertension and diabetes, so as not to cause new discomfort.
(2) Central muscle relaxants can relieve muscle pain. Generally, anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs should be taken after meals, and patients should pay more attention to drug taboos.
(3) For patients with acute lumbar disc herniation, intravenous steroids and dehydrating agents were used to eliminate nerve root edema.
(4) Neurotrophic drugs such as vitamin B 1 are often used in some compound prescriptions.
(5) Ideal and economical Chinese patent medicines include Xiaohuoluo Pill, Duhuo Jisheng Pill and Kanghyperosteogeny Tablet.
Sacral canal therapy for lumbar disc herniation
Sacral canal therapy is also called sacral canal drip therapy, also called liquid knife. It is a conservative treatment for lumbar disc herniation. It injects drugs through the epidural space through the sacral canal, and the drugs directly act on the protruding intervertebral disc and the compressed nerve root, so that the symptoms mainly caused by local aseptic inflammation and nerve root edema can be alleviated.
The commonly used drug formula for sacral canal treatment is lidocaine, vitamin B 12 and dexamethasone 30m, and the above drugs are mixed into 0. 9% saline.
Severe anemia, hypertension and cardiac compensatory dysfunction should not be treated with sacral canal.
Acupuncture treatment of lumbar disc herniation?
The clinical application of acupuncture therapy is mainly based on the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine, which has the functions of dredging exterior and interior, connecting up and down, promoting qi and blood circulation and nourishing yin and yang. Acupuncture and moxibustion treatment directly acts on acupoints, and regulates the nutrition, qi and blood and viscera functions of human body through the conduction and reaction of meridians, so as to achieve the purpose of treating diseases.
The application of acupuncture and moxibustion in lumbar disc herniation is also based on the understanding of lumbar disc herniation in traditional Chinese medicine, and points are selected along the meridian and treated according to syndrome differentiation, especially by adjusting the Qi, blood, yin and yang of Du Meridian and Foot Taiyang Bladder Meridian, so as to achieve the therapeutic purpose.
The common methods of acupuncture and moxibustion for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation are: filiform needle therapy, cupping therapy, electroacupuncture therapy, warm needle therapy, seven-star needle tapping therapy, ear acupuncture therapy, acupoint injection therapy and so on.
needle therapy
Commonly used acupoints are Shenshu, Yaoyangguan, Subversion 17, Huatuo Jiaji, Subjaw, Huantiao, Weizhong, Yanglingquan, Chengshan and Kunlun. Dialectical differentiation of root drama, matching points as appropriate. Leave the needle for 20 minutes, once every other day, ten times as a course of treatment.
auriculotherapy
There are many ways to treat diseases with auricular acupuncture, besides traditional auricular acupuncture and bloodletting, there are also methods such as burying needles, electroacupuncture, magnetic therapy and pill pressing. When treating lumbar disc herniation, the most commonly used method is to bury needles or press pills.
Commonly used ear points: Take kidney, lumbar vertebra, sacrum, Shenmen, sympathetic, subcortical, endocrine, sciatic nerve and buttock, and choose 2-3 points at a time.
electro-acupuncture therapy
Electroacupuncture therapy is a combination of electroacupuncture device and filiform needle, which acts on meridians and acupoints of human body to treat various diseases. Its main mechanism of action is to enhance the stimulation of acupuncture on meridian points by electrifying filiform needles, so as to achieve the purpose of treatment. On the basis of traditional acupuncture points, electroacupuncture therapy also puts forward a method of stimulating according to nerve distribution, which is the development of traditional acupuncture therapy in China.
In the course of treatment, acupuncture points with filiform needles are used to get a sense of acupuncture, and then the wires of electro-acupuncture instrument are connected to the needle handle, and the appropriate frequency is selected. The duration of each treatment was 65438 05 ~ 20 minutes.
For pregnant women, patients with emotional instability or poor general condition, electroacupuncture should not be used.
point injection therapy
Acupoint injection is a method to treat diseases by injecting drugs into a certain part or acupoint of the human body. Under the guidance of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine, it combines the stimulating effect of acupuncture on acupoints and meridians with the pharmacological effect of drugs to achieve the purpose of treatment.
For patients with lumbar disc herniation, acupuncture points can be selected according to the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment, and corresponding body points can be selected in combination with Ashi point; Salvia miltiorrhiza injection, Clematis chinensis injection, paeonol injection, papaya injection, Vitb 1 and Vitb 12 injection can be selected. During treatment, after the needle is inflated, it is injected in several directions according to the principle of multi-directional penetration of one needle, generally 5- 10 ml per point and 2-3 points each time.
Old and infirm people and pregnant women should use water acupuncture therapy with caution when treating lumbar disc herniation.
moxibustion
Moxibustion is an important part of acupuncture therapy. Guided by the theory of meridians and viscera, moxa and other flammable drugs are used to burn at acupoints or affected areas, and the therapeutic purpose is achieved through its warming effect on meridians. Moxibustion can warm meridians and dredge collaterals, dispel cold pathogens, promote qi and blood circulation, dissipate blood stasis and reduce swelling, raise middle qi and lower qi, and has a good therapeutic effect on lumbago and leg pain caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis and wind-cold-dampness arthralgia.
There are many methods of moxibustion. In the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, in addition to warm acupuncture combined with acupuncture, moxa stick moxibustion can also be used alone, and 3-4 acupoints, Shenshu, Dachangshu, Ranjian, Huantiao, Chengfu, Yinmen, Weizhong and Yanglingquan, are selected each time, with moxibustion at each acupoint for 15-20 minutes and every other day 1 time.
cupping therapy
It can promote qi and blood circulation, dispel wind and cold, reduce swelling and relieve pain, so it has a certain therapeutic effect on lumbar disc herniation.
In the treatment of waist and leg diseases, cupping can generally be used. For patients with qi stagnation and blood stasis, pricking collaterals and cupping can be used at Shenshu, Dachangshu, Accessory jaw and other acupoints, that is, pricking with triangular needles several times before cupping, and then cupping can make them bleed and strengthen the effect of treating blood and removing blood stasis.
Patients with fever, muscle wasting, eczema and skin injury at the waist, and pregnant women with lumbar disc herniation should not be treated with cupping.
Massage Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation
Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the main function of massage therapy is to dredge meridians, promote blood circulation, adjust the function of viscera, relax tendons and activate collaterals, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, loosen adhesion and dredge joints. In addition, it can also enhance the disease resistance of human body and achieve the purpose of health care.
Its main mechanism is:
(1) Reduce the pressure inside the intervertebral disc, (2) Increase the pressure outside the intervertebral disc, (3) Restore the protrusion, (4) Retract, (5). (2) changing the position of the protrusion, (6) adjusting the joint disorder and restoring it to position (7), and (8) relieving the nerve root compression. (3) promoting local blood circulation, (9) eliminating inflammatory reaction, (10) releasing adhesion and (1 1) reducing the stimulation to nerve roots. (4) Relaxation of waist and leg muscles, (12) strengthening local blood circulation, (13) promoting the recovery of injured nerve roots (14) and (15) relieving pain.
Treatment of lumbar disc herniation commonly used methods are:
(1) Relieve muscle spasms in the waist and buttocks.
(2) Enlarge the intervertebral space and reduce the pressure in the intervertebral disc.
(3) Increase the pressure outside the intervertebral disc.
(4) Adjust the posterior joint and loosen the adhesion.
(5) Promoting the recovery of injured nerve roots.
When using massage to treat lumbar disc herniation, we should pay attention to the following points: ① In the acute stage or acute attack stage of lumbar disc herniation, nerve roots are seriously congested and edematous, and massage can stimulate nerve roots to aggravate symptoms. Therefore, it is best not to use massage for 3 days before the acute phase. ② For typical central lumbar disc herniation, massage is absolutely forbidden to avoid serious consequences. ③ For some patients with high lumbar disc herniation, the location diagnosis should be made clear, and CT films, nuclear magnetic resonance and other materials should be referred. When the size and position of the protrusion are very clear, massage can be used with caution. ④ For patients with lumbar disc herniation complicated with spinal trauma and symptoms of spinal cord injury, massage therapy can aggravate spinal cord injury and should be banned. ⑤ Lumbar disc herniation is accompanied by fracture, bone and joint tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, tumor and severe senile osteoporosis. Massage therapy can destroy bones and spread infections. ⑥ When lumbar disc herniation is accompanied by systemic diseases such as hypertension, heart disease and diabetes, or there are serious skin diseases and infectious diseases, and tuberculosis and tumor are suspected, massage therapy should be banned. ⑦ Patients with lumbar disc herniation accompanied by bleeding tendency or blood diseases should not be treated with massage, otherwise it may cause local tissue bleeding. (8) Female patients with lumbar disc herniation who are pregnant for more than three months should be prohibited from massage therapy. Massage therapy is not suitable for women during menstrual period.
Treatment of lumbar disc herniation with traditional Chinese medicine
According to the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine, combined with the specific situation of patients, choosing the appropriate formula of traditional Chinese medicine can effectively treat lumbar disc herniation.
(1) For patients with early onset and obvious qi stagnation and blood stasis, drugs such as Xiaohuoluo Pill, Dahuoluo Pill and Kanghyperosteogeny Tablet should be reused.
(2) those with severe cold and dampness should strengthen the spleen and promote diuresis; For patients with severe rheumatism, drugs such as "Duhuo Jisheng Decoction" are added.
(3) For patients with a long course of disease, some drugs for tonifying kidney-yang or kidney-yin can be selected.
In short, no matter how to prescribe drugs, we should take syndrome differentiation and treatment as the most important principle in order to achieve satisfactory curative effect.
External treatment of lumbar disc herniation with traditional Chinese medicine
External treatment of traditional Chinese medicine is one of the traditional Chinese medicine treatments. As early as the time of Neijing, there were records of various external treatments such as external application, medicated ironing, fumigation and washing. External treatment is widely used in orthopedics.
Clinically, it is proved that it is very effective and cheap to use Chinese medicine to relieve symptoms by promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, relaxing muscles and tendons and relieving pain. For the convenience of use, many external Chinese medicines have been processed into plaster, pure Chinese medicine powder, tincture, oil and other Chinese medicines.
There are many kinds of traditional Chinese medicines for external use, such as Kanglisha, Huajian ointment, external application of hyperosteogeny, health-care plaster for neck, waist and leg pain, and pain-relieving health-care plaster for hyperosteogeny. The effect is very good and the price is very cheap. This method is simple, convenient and effective.
Kanlisha, Huajian Plaster, External Plaster for Hyperplasia, Health Plaster for Neck, Back and Leg Pain and Anting Health Plaster for Hyperplasia are all suitable for elderly patients with aseptic inflammation such as hyperosteogeny, lumbar disc herniation, arthritis, lumbar muscle strain, neck, shoulder, back and leg pain, and also suitable for young and middle-aged patients.
Generally speaking, the external application of traditional Chinese medicine has the following functions: dredging meridians, dispelling cold and removing dampness, dredging orifices and diminishing inflammation, dispersing stagnation and relieving swelling, and relieving pain. Its principle of action: through the skin directly to the focus, dredge obstacles, stimulate the skin to improve microcirculation and stimulate the regulatory function of the human body, and promote the metabolism of cartilage joints to restore balance, thus eliminating the focus and achieving the ideal goal.
stay in bed
The degeneration of the spine is closely related to load bearing. Strict and scientific bed rest, first of all, removes the main factors that further develop lumbar spondylosis and creates the necessary conditions for the recovery of the disease.
Bed rest is the most basic treatment for lumbar disc herniation. Bed rest can reduce the absorption of neurotoxic substances, promote the regression and recovery of inflammation and prevent the occurrence of nerve fiber adhesion. Absolute bed rest is to let the patient lie flat on the hard bed, only allowed to turn over on the bed, not allowed to sit up or stand up, not allowed to stand up when eating or urinating. Generally, bed rest for 3 ~ 4 weeks can be effective. Patients with severe symptoms during acute attack can also consider using traction therapy during bed rest to obtain greater braking effect.
After lying in bed for a period of time, if you combine traditional Chinese medicine external application, massage, acupuncture, physical therapy and other methods for comprehensive treatment, you will get better curative effect.
Waist wear
Waist circumference is one of the commonly used braces in orthopedics, and its main function is braking and protection.
(1) braking function. When wearing the waist line, it will limit the activities of the lumbar spine, especially the flexion activities, so that the local tissues of the lumbar spine can get a relatively full rest, relieve muscle spasm, promote the recovery of blood supply, dissipate pain-causing substances, and alleviate or disappear the inflammatory reaction around nerve roots and intervertebral joints.
(2) protection. Waist circumference can strengthen the stability of lumbar spine. Therefore, when patients with lumbar disc herniation start to move on the ground after lying in bed or traction, wearing waist circumference can strengthen protection, limit the range and amplitude of lumbar movement to a certain extent, and consolidate the effect of early treatment.
Waist circumference is widely used in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, but it is not optional to wear and use it. Generally wear a waistline for 4 ~ 6 weeks, and the longest is not more than 3 months. The waist size should be suitable for the patient's body shape.
Nursing care of patients with lumbar disc herniation?
In the acute stage, you should sleep on a hard bed and stay in bed for 3 weeks.
Avoid coughing and sneezing to prevent constipation.
If the symptoms are obviously improved, you can gradually exercise your back muscles and do light activities in the wild under the protection of your waistline.
Prevention of recurrence of lumbar disc herniation
After treatment and rest, patients with lumbar disc herniation can be relieved or cured, but the recurrence rate of the disease is quite high, because:
(1) After treatment, although the symptoms of lumbar disc herniation basically disappeared, the nucleus pulposus of many patients was not completely restored, but the compression degree of nerve roots was reduced or the adhesion with nerve roots was reduced.
(2) Although the condition of patients with lumbar disc herniation has been stable or healed, in a short time, once they are tired or sprained, the nucleus pulposus will protrude again, leading to the recurrence of the disease.
(3) Failing to keep warm in the cold and humid season, wind, cold and humidity invade the diseased parts of human body, and fatigue can easily induce the recurrence of the disease.
(4) Liver and kidney loss failed to be replenished in time. Chinese medicine believes that kidney stores essence and governs bone; Liver stores blood, main reinforcement. Sufficient kidney essence and full liver blood make the bones and muscles strong and the joints flexible. From people to middle-aged and elderly people, physiological function declines, and liver and kidney essence and blood are insufficient, which leads to malnutrition of bones and muscles. Over time, osteoarthropathy is prone to occur.
(5) Although the nucleus pulposus of this segment has been removed, the stability of the upper and lower vertebrae in this segment is not good after operation, and the intervertebral discs in the upper and lower segments of the surgical segment are easy to prolapse, which leads to the recurrence of lumbar disc herniation.
In daily life, study and work, people need different postures and form their own habits, which have an important influence on the human body. Therefore, we are required to pay attention to the rationality of standing posture, sitting posture, working posture and sleeping posture, correct bad posture and habits, strengthen exercise, strengthen physical fitness, especially the functional exercise of back muscles, so as to play a good role in treatment and prevention.
The role of functional exercise in the prevention and treatment of lumbar disc herniation
Functional exercise, also known as acrobatic therapy, was called "introduction" in ancient China. It is an indispensable part of the prevention and treatment of lumbar disc herniation, and it is also a self-exercise method in the rehabilitation process of lumbar disc herniation, which occupies the same important position as manual therapy, drug therapy and physical therapy.
The biggest feature of functional exercise is that patients can actively participate in the treatment process, which is conducive to mobilizing patients' subjective initiative in treatment and enhancing their confidence in overcoming diseases. It plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of lumbar disc herniation.
(1) In the acute episode of lumbar disc herniation, functional exercise mainly adopts physical exercise combining adaptive traction exercise with relaxation exercise to relieve lumbar muscle spasm.
(2) In the remission stage of lumbar disc herniation, functional exercise is mainly to strengthen the strength of lumbar muscles and improve the function of waist and legs.
(3) Local acrobatic therapy can strengthen muscle contraction ability through autonomous activities, thus achieving the effect of treating and preventing muscle atrophy.
(4) Functional exercise plays an important auxiliary role in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation with other methods, which is helpful for the spread of low back and leg pain and seeking medical treatment.
Post it for your reference.