Seeking typical questions on government and institutional accounting?

A certain institution has not yet implemented the centralized treasury payment system. in 2006, the following operations took place: (1) a contract was signed with a supplier for the purchase of a number of fixed assets, the contract amounted to 550,000 yuan, with the financial department allocated for the purchase of fixed assets for the project funds of 500,000 yuan, paid in advance. The contract stipulates that the balance is to be paid off in 2006. in 2005, upon receipt of the fixed assets and the relevant invoice bill provided by the supplier, debit business expenditure 550,000, credit bank deposit 500,000, accounts payable 50,000; at the same time, debit fixed assets 550,000, credit fixed fund 550,000. when the balance is to be paid in 2006, debit accounts payable 50,000, credit accounts payable 50000. Credit bank deposit 50000 (2) will be owned by the unit of a patent rights of foreign investment, the patent rights of the book value of 100,000 yuan, the two sides negotiated price of 80,000 yuan, the unit of 100,000 yuan as the recorded value of foreign investment. (3) Purchase of installment interest-paying treasury bills of 250,000 yuan and pay a handling fee of 0.2 million yuan, increasing notes receivable and decreasing bank deposits by 252,000 yuan; at the end of the year, obtaining the proceeds of the treasury bills of 0.5 million yuan and depositing them in the bank, increasing the investment income by 0.5 million yuan. (4) one-year deposit maturity, the principal amount of 200,000 yuan, the interest rate of 2%, the recovery of principal and interest, increase "other income - interest income 0.4 million yuan. (5) fixed asset accounting for the year was changed to use the method of depreciation, depreciation of 3,000 yuan (6) to accept donations from other units of photocopying equipment, valued at 80,000 yuan, the corresponding increase of 80,000 yuan in donation income. (7) It is found that the omission of fixed fund of RMB 100,000 and under-accounting of income of RMB 50,000 in previous years' accounting, the unit will directly increase fixed assets and fixed fund by the omission of fixed fund, and the under-accounting of income will be directly credited to the current year's income. (8) A small car is transferred for a fee at a price of $100,000 with an original book value of $180,000. The unit recognizes the difference of $80,000 as an expense and $100,000 as other revenue. (9) In order to increase revenue, the unit's leadership meets and decides to rent out the front room and signs an agreement with Unit A for $300,000 in annual rent. A check for $150,000 is received for the half-yearly rental income, and the remaining amount is paid in the second half of the year. The unit records an increase of $150,000 in bank deposits and $150,000 in accounts receivable, as well as an increase of $150,000 in business income. (10) The unit scraps a piece of equipment with a book value of $100,000 and receives $20,000 in realization income. The unit treats the equipment as follows: write down fixed assets at book value and increase fixed asset realization income by 20,000 yuan. Requirements: Please determine whether the accounting treatment of the above fixed assets by the utility unit is correct, and explain the reasons. Analysis and Hints 1. Case (1) belongs to the purchase of fixed assets by installment payment. The key to accounting for this operation lies in determining the utility expenditures for the current and subsequent repayment periods for the acquisition of the fixed assets, as well as determining the recorded value of the fixed assets. According to the provisions of the accounting system of institutions, when institutions use financial allocations to acquire fixed assets, on the one hand, to increase the business expenditure to reduce bank deposits, and at the same time, to increase fixed assets and fixed funds. The above accounting treatment is incorrect. The correct accounting treatment is as follows: 2005 when receiving fixed assets and related invoices and bills, debit: business expenditure 500000 credit: bank deposit 500000 at the same time, debit: fixed assets 550,000 credit: fixed fund 500000 accounts payable 50000 2006 to pay the balance, debit: accounts payable 50000 credit: bank deposit 50000 at the same time, debit: business Expenditures 50000 Credit: Fixed Fund 500002, Case (2) is incorrectly handled. Intangible assets invested in other units should be recorded at the value of 80,000 yuan determined by both parties. At the time of foreign investment, the difference between the appraisal price or contract price or the value determined by the agreement and the book value of the invested assets is directly credited or charged to the business fund. The correct accounting treatment is: debit: foreign investment 80,000 career fund - general fund 20,000 credit: intangible assets 100,000 At the same time, debit: career fund - general fund 80,000 credit: career fund - investment fund 80,0003, case (3) is incorrectly treated. Treasury bills are not commercial paper, and the purchase of treasury bills should be treated as foreign investment. Investment income should be credited to the other income account. The correct accounting treatment is: Debit: Foreign Investment 252000 Credit: Bank Deposit 252000 At the end of the year, Debit: Bank Deposit 50000 Credit: Other Income---Investment Income 50004, Case (4) is handled correctly. Deposits due to recover the principal and interest, in accordance with the provisions of the system should increase "other income - interest income 0.4 million yuan. 5, case (5) is not correct. In accordance with the provisions of the system: the fixed assets of the institution does not draw depreciation. 6, Case (6) is not correct. In accordance with the provisions of the system: acceptance of donation of fixed assets, only increase in fixed assets and fixed funds, not included in the donation income. The correct accounting treatment is: debit: fixed assets 80,000 credit: fixed fund 80,0007, case (7) processing is not entirely correct. It is found that the omission of 100,000 yuan from the fixed fund in the previous year's accounting treatment directly increases the fixed assets and fixed fund by 100,000 yuan. In accordance with the regulations, after the year-end closing of the unit's accounts, adjustments or changes in prior years' accounting transactions occur, involving prior years' balances, which should generally be directly transferred to or deducted from the utility fund. It cannot be directly credited to current year revenues; therefore, revenues are understated by $50,000, increasing the general fund of the Utility Fund. The correct accounting treatment is: Debit: Fixed Assets 100000 Credit: Fixed Fund 100000 Debit: Bank Deposit 50000 Credit: Utility Fund - General Fund 500008, Case (8) is not correctly handled, the transfer of fixed assets for a fee should be based on the original book value of 180,000 yuan to write off the fixed assets and fixed funds; In accordance with the provisions of the Interim Measures for the Management of State-owned Assets of Institutions will be 100,000 yuan to the account of the amount due to the fiscal special account. The correct accounting treatment is: debit: fixed fund 180,000 credit: fixed assets 180,000 debit: bank deposits 100,000 credit: payable to the fiscal special account 100,0009, case (9) is not handled correctly, in accordance with the provisions of the system of units to rent out fixed assets should be reported to the competent department and the financial department for approval. Received rent should be recorded in accordance with the cash system of other income of 150,000 checks, not for accounts receivable. The correct accounting treatment is: debit: bank deposits 150000 credit: other income - rental income 10000010, case (10) is not correct, the unit scrapped equipment, the realization of income 20,000 yuan. According to the regulations should be increased by 20,000 yuan due to the financial account. Borrow: bank deposits 20000 credit: payable to the fiscal special account 20000