The elements of a team are goals, people, direction, authority and plan.
Team building is to organize team members to achieve their goals with high quality and efficiency through various activities.
Team building is characterized by unified goals, unified thoughts, unified rules, unified actions and unified voices.
Unity of purpose: Only when there is a goal can there be a team. Having team goals is only the first step of team goal management, and the more important second step is to unify the team goals, that is, let everyone in the team agree with the team goals and work hard to achieve them.
Unified thinking: the team's thinking is not unified. If you talk about the east and the west, just as people's ideological struggle will reduce the efficiency of action, the team's thinking will also decrease.
Unified rules: A team must have its own rules, which tell team members what to do and what not to do. What can't be done is the bottom line of teamwork. If you don't set the bottom line, everyone will keep breaking through it. An organization that constantly breaks through the bottom line of behavior cannot be called a team.
Unified action: a team should communicate and coordinate with each other in action, so that the action is unified and orderly, so that the whole process can be connected reasonably and every detail is closely linked.
Unified voice: the team must speak with one voice after making a decision, and can't talk nonsense after the meeting, face to face or behind the scenes.
Efficient team building is the goal and direction of team building. Efficient teams emphasize cooperation, coordination, effective communication and strong execution. An efficient team has the following characteristics:
There is a common goal, and there is a mechanism or system to constrain team members to work towards this goal.
The role positioning is clear. Each role has clear responsibilities and each post is indispensable.
Complementary skills. Full participation, focusing on cooperation and coordination.
* * * Same working method. Emphasize service, effect and communication.
Work content decomposition (WBS), implementation and work inspection.
Depend on each other and share the responsibility.
The leading role is obvious, guiding the direction, giving members confidence and appropriate incentives.
In order to do a good job in the project, it takes a lot of efforts to form a team:
First of all, the project manager should make good use of people and give full play to their strengths. Try to put the right person in the right position and give full play to his advantages and specialties.
Secondly, it gives strength to cooperation. Project members should have the spirit of teamwork and exert the overall combat effectiveness of the team through coordinated operations, that is, form a joint force. So that the whole team can reach the best state. The ancients said, "Beat the tiger brothers, beat the father and son", emphasizing tacit cooperation and close cooperation.
Third, consider the work plan and task arrangement more comprehensively and in place; If there is any change, the change information should be conveyed to the corresponding personnel in time to avoid information disconnection.
Problems in the team:
First, the division of labor is not clear, and the job responsibilities are not clear. The members of the project department have no relatively clear division of labor, and their post responsibilities are not clear. Several people get together. You do this today and I'll do that tomorrow. Without planning and evaluation, it is inefficient.
Second, poor execution, lack of enthusiasm and initiative. Main performance: I didn't get into the habit of working overtime. Everything is waiting for the superior to arrange, push, move, and not push. If the superior doesn't arrange the work, it will wait, if it doesn't give instructions, it won't be implemented, if it doesn't ask, it won't be reported, and if it doesn't check, it will be delayed. A lot of work was completed after many inspections and reminders, and the execution was very poor; Then wait for the reply from other units. Holding the mentality of "I have contacted you, waiting for a reply, when to reply is not for me to decide, and the responsibility for delaying work should be borne by the other party, so I can only wait", I am not proactive. Then wait for contact from other departments or others. If you don't ask me for help, I'll avoid it. There is always a reason to find it. Just say it's not clear. Do not care about other related work, have no interest, more than one thing; Wait for reports from subordinates. Although tasks were assigned, there was no inspection or supervision. If you don't take the initiative to go deep into the actual investigation and study and master the first-hand information, you will only be reported by your beautiful subordinates, and then make a decision or report to your superiors without verification, which will delay the soldiers and affect efficiency.
Third, lack of professional knowledge and work experience, work efficiency is not high. For example, the problem of the construction of explosive magazine and tailings pond has gone through many iterations for how to apply for approval, which has delayed a lot of time and has been exploring; The Golden Culture Industrial Park project was re-declared due to coordinate deviation; At the beginning, the projects such as comprehensive management of sudden water slope, sand prevention and control, and greening ecological agriculture were changed by the contractor, and the merger of the projects delayed the time and affected the work efficiency. The emergence of these problems, in fact, the most fundamental problem is the lack of professional ability and work experience.
Fourth, lack of motivation and slow progress. There are not many team members, but they are not cohesive. They are fragmented. You do what you want and I do what I want. There is no coordination and communication, and there is no sense of goal and mission. Lack of responsibility and supervision and evaluation system. The above phenomenon is mainly caused by the lack of sense of responsibility and mission, laziness and selfishness of the person in charge. The consequences of this phenomenon are ignorance, poor communication, lack of responsibility and responsibility, no trace of performance, inaction and so on. The result is a big pot of rice, performance appraisal indicators, lack of motivation, low enthusiasm and low efficiency.
How to do a good job in team building
Team building is simply: give you a group of people, and you should be able to get them together and move in the same direction.
Peter drucker said: "Modern enterprises are not only the enterprises of bosses and subordinates, but also a team.
The team needs to be built!
0 1, strengthen the leadership of the project manager
The project manager is both a manager and an executor; He is not only the maker of the work plan, but also the leader of implementing the plan. As the head of the team, his personal qualities play a vital role. To be the leader of this team, we should not only treat everything and everyone in the business office objectively and fairly with a peaceful mind, but more importantly, comprehensively improve our own quality.
The project manager is equivalent to the blender in team management. By organizing meetings, discussions, study, tackling key problems and other activities, the project manager forms good communication with members and finally forms a wise decision. The project manager should not only have the ability to plan, lead, communicate, communicate and respond to emergencies, but also have strong organizational skills. How to organize project members, how to give full play to their work efficiency and how to enhance the cohesion of the team are issues that the project manager must consider.
In team building, the project manager should do the following:
First, establish clear objectives, project management training, establish team spirit and manage by objectives. Without a goal, the team will lose its direction. Therefore, it is the premise for the team to form a joint force and strive for progress to establish a clear goal and decompose it, and at the same time, let every unit and everyone know the responsibility that the unit or itself should bear and the direction that it should work hard through organizing discussion and study.
The second is to grasp the norms, grasp the implementation, and create a positive, enterprising, United and upward working atmosphere. An important sign to measure whether a company's management is on the right track is whether the system and process are understood, familiar, mastered and implemented by the company's employees, and whether there are supervision and guarantee measures. Making employees familiar with and master various systems and processes is not only the need to ensure the quality of work, but also the need to meet the long-term development of the company and the rapid growth of employees. Facts have proved that without a scientific, complete and feasible system, management and employee behavior can not be institutionalized, standardized and programmed, and disorder and confusion will occur, and an orderly and disciplined team will not be formed. Therefore, we should start from our own small team, use various forms, intensify our study, pay attention to execution and implementation.
The third is to activate team building with effective communication and establish a good working atmosphere. Understand the situation and exert influence.
There are various ways of communication:
For example, chatting is a good way. I don't mean casual chatting, especially in the choice of timing and topic. There is only one purpose: to close the distance, harmonize the atmosphere, understand the situation and exert influence. Another example is entertainment, especially playing chess, cards and drinking. These three activities can best reflect people's character, and you can't hide them if you want.
Personality doesn't matter whether it is good or bad. The most important thing is to make good use of it according to different people. Through reasonable combination, conflicts can be reduced and coordination can be enhanced.
Communication is a very important work to maintain the integrity of team building, and it can also be said to be an art. If discipline is a hard means to maintain team integrity, then communication is a soft means to maintain team integrity. It is the invisible bond and lubricant of the team. Communication can release the upper situation in team building, achieve the lower situation and promote mutual understanding; It can eliminate the inner tension and estrangement of employees, make everyone feel comfortable, and thus form a good working atmosphere. Therefore, as the person in charge of each unit, it is necessary to keep the communication channels within the team open, so as to improve the morale within the team and create a "harmonious" environment for the development of all work.
The fourth is to establish a sense of service. Service, which is the core content of team building.
1. Suppress the idea that you are the boss and have the right to give orders.
Think more about the responsibility to this group in order to do a good job.
3. Based on service, create a good working environment for team members.
4. Ask the team members to stop working. "Wrong, the responsibility is mine. By the way, the credit is yours."
It should be noted that:
1. Service is not accommodating, it is principled and within our power.
In this process, there will inevitably be many misunderstandings and grievances, which is also a kind of "loss". If you want to do a good job, you must admit all this. Eating these small losses accounts for the big "cheap" of "well done". When the results come out, those misunderstandings and grievances will disappear, and you will get a group of friends who still care and trust each other after many years and a good memory.
The fifth is to make good use of the assessment and incentive mechanism to continuously stimulate the progress of employees. Performance appraisal is an incentive and a test. It not only tests the work achievements of each team member, but also declares to the team members the company's value orientation, what to advocate and what to oppose, so it is also related to the survival and development of the team. PgMp.mypm.net's incentive mechanism.
Material rewards are necessary, but they must be used carefully.
Disadvantages: 1 Cause unnecessary troubles, increase contradictions such as comparison and suspicion, and destroy the atmosphere.
2. Explain that there are problems with the organization and salary system.
Use more spiritual incentives; The most effective thing is sincere respect and trust for people and timely and effective affirmation of achievements.
Implement diversified management methods. Systematize management, establish corresponding management system and support system, and establish guarantee mechanism from system and system; The project manager realizes system management by establishing rules and standards. Ensure the stable operation of the project through systems and norms. Combined with the characteristics of communication engineering, safety and quality must be guaranteed in the work, and the operation must be rigorous and standardized. Through the system to ensure the efficiency of action and team execution, to achieve the safety, progress and quality objectives of the project.
Apply the management philosophy of law, Confucianism and Taoism to team management. Confucianism, represented by Confucius, advocates rule by courtesy; Legalists, represented by Qin Xiaogong's Shang Yang Reform, advocated the rule of law and formulated laws and regulations to restrain people's behavior in order to achieve the purpose of management. Taoist theory is based on Laozi and advocates inaction.
Combined with the team development stage, legalists are more used in the establishment period and running-in period, emphasizing institutionalized management methods and giving priority to norms. When the team is stable and orderly during the performance, more Confucianism or "red face and white face" is adopted. Of course, the leadership style of the project manager should also change from influential to authorized.
Process control runs through the whole project implementation cycle. Because many times the construction tasks are iterative, it is necessary for someone to track the progress and site conditions regularly, report problems or risks, check safety, progress and quality, and check and correct deviations in stages. In order to monitor the whole process and continue to follow up. So as to achieve the plan implementation, task implementation, progress tracking, problem feedback and responsibility traceability, and form a PDCA closed loop of work.
While dividing and quantifying the details of the whole process, we should emphasize the word "everything", that is, we should implement the requirements of "everyone is responsible for everything, everything is regulated, everything is supervised, and everything is well documented".
Everything is taken care of. In other words, every job, every link and every detail must be managed by someone, which is the first priority of implementing refined management.
Everything has rules to follow. That is to say, every work, every link and every detail must have a system to follow and a standard to check, which is the main content of "fine" and the essential requirement of "fine".
Everything is supervised. In other words, every job, every link and every detail must be inspected and supervised, which is a necessary guarantee to achieve the goal of refinement.
Everything is well documented. In other words, every job, every link and every detail must have necessary process records and data retention, which is the basic requirement for problem investigation, closed-loop management and continuous improvement after the accident. If nothing is recorded, once there is a quality problem, it is impossible to analyze the cause and rectify the problem; At the same time, the necessary process records and data retention are also the basis for summing up experience and continuous improvement.
Strengthen communication and cooperation. Communication is one of the key links in team management. Because the project involves many cooperative units and there are many things that need to be coordinated with other units, it is necessary to master communication skills and pay attention to communication methods. At the same time, team member Qi Xin is required to work together and cooperate with each other. As can be seen from the dragon boat race, if a team wants to have strong fighting capacity, it needs the project manager to master the overall rhythm and competition strategy of the team, and it also needs the close cooperation and high consistency among the contestants. Only when Qi Xin works together to give full play to everyone's energy can we finally win the game.
Organize study, training and personal promotion. "The train runs fast, all by the headband." The traditional team management method highlights the leading role of the project manager. But the front desk project manager will be very tired. Today's bullet train runs faster, relying on the correct command and guidance of the project manager, which inspires the motivation of all members. All members have the same goal, the same working method, close cooperation and coordinated operations, forming a strong resultant force. Coupled with the improvement of the external environment and the optimization of the incentive mechanism, the team can be truly efficient. Leading a team should be like a bullet train
We should be good at creating a learning atmosphere and forming a good learning environment. There is a common misunderstanding in today's society that it is enough to send some materials and documents to employees, or to enjoy the learning materials on designated websites and stipulate the learning scope of employees. In fact, the author thinks that this is not enough, and correct guidance is necessary. Follow up their study status regularly to find out what members are studying recently and how to arrange their weekends.
Team building can not ignore the personal improvement of workers. Through training and learning, improve employees' work skills, promote employees' growth, and form a "pass-help-bring" mechanism and teamwork style. The growth of employees is inseparable from the training of project managers, and employees also hope to learn some knowledge or get advice from superiors or supervisors. As Kara Harris mentioned in the book "I am an executive of Morgan Stanley", some people want to establish a "mentor relationship" with their superiors or leaders, so that they can get knowledge, advice or inspiration from their mentors on how to handle things better. In other words, it is also a responsibility of the supervisor to help employees plan their careers.
Identify with the company's corporate culture and core values, and ensure the stability of the team through the infiltration of corporate culture. On this basis, establish a sincere, friendly and mutually beneficial working environment. Stephen Covey emphasized win-win thinking in Seven Habits of Energy Saving People. Trust each other and solve contradictions with win-win thinking, so as to achieve a good situation of harmonious, healthy and balanced development.
Team building activities are very important. Team activities are the necessary lubricant for the long-term stability of the team. In daily life, project managers should often interview project members, listen to their difficulties and puzzles in their work, and help them reduce their ideological pressure; And organize some amateur activities regularly. Summarizing and celebrating the completion of the joint meeting of project managers, which is a key milestone, will greatly boost the morale of project members and contribute to the orderly development of the next stage of work. We should show our employees' care in our life and hold some activities, such as discussion, chatting and drinking tea. We should care about the health of employees, their feelings and inner demands, so that employees can feel the company's attention to employees and their own values can be reflected, thus forming team cohesion.
Tap the potential, play the potential. For example, through the authorization of an activity or task, entrust an important task, tap the advantages and potential of employees, and discover their specialties. Then, the project manager needs to create the necessary conditions and create a platform to give full play to these potentials. When the energy of the whole team is brought into play, the energy of the whole team can be highlighted. In other words, the growth process of the project team has reached the "performance period", so the work performance and team morale of the whole team will be promoted to a very high state.
Of course, tapping the potential is a step-by-step process, which cannot be achieved overnight. Moreover, some people are not good at expressing themselves and are ashamed to take the initiative, so the project manager should pay more attention to observation, guidance and communication in peacetime. For a project manager, the most important thing is not how competent he is, but how to maximize the ability of people in your project.