Have a high fever. I believe everyone has had a high fever. My forehead is hot and dizzy. In severe cases, it not only hurts all over the body, but even burns to confusion and convulsions.
The normal body temperature of human is about 37.2℃. Don't be too nervous unless your temperature exceeds 38.5℃ (for adults) or 39℃ (for children).
Generally speaking, sudden outbreak of high fever (38.5-40℃) usually means bacterial infection in the body: acute inflammation such as cold, pneumonia, meningitis and scarlet fever will be accompanied by high fever; Long-term persistent low fever (37.3-38.5℃) means that the immune system is destroyed: tuberculosis, rheumatic fever, lupus erythematosus, cancer and so on all show low fever symptoms to varying degrees.
If you have a high fever, you need to see a doctor immediately, because it means that the infection in your body is getting worse. If the body temperature is too high, it is easy to cause brain damage and dehydration, especially if the high fever persists.
This is tantamount to adding insult to injury to critically ill patients who need careful treatment and care.
1) causes.
1. Infectious diseases
It is caused by bacteria, viruses and protozoa infection, which is the most common cause. Such as colds, pneumonia, bronchitis and malaria.
2. Noncommunicable diseases
Such as heatstroke, tumor and immune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid disease.
2) Symptoms and manifestations
When you have a high fever, your face is flushed, your skin is burning, your mouth is dry, you are listless, your diet is poor, and your breathing and pulse are accelerated (every time you increase 1℃ from 37℃, your pulse is accelerated 10). The patient begins to feel drowsy, and in severe cases, coma and convulsions (convulsions) occur.
3) Clinical diagnosis
1. People with high fever and systemic chills are mostly infected by bacteria or protozoa, such as septicemia, malaria, lobar pneumonia, acute pyelonephritis and acute cholecystitis.
2. High fever with systemic rash is common in eruptive infectious diseases. The rash appeared on 1-6 days after fever, followed by chickenpox, scarlet fever, measles and typhoid fever.
3. High fever with severe headache and vomiting is more common in meningitis and encephalitis.
4. High fever with chest pain, cough and shortness of breath can be seen in respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia, tracheitis and pleurisy.
5. High fever with abdominal pain, right upper abdominal pain may be hepatitis, liver abscess and cholecystitis; Abdominal pain may be peritonitis.
6. High fever for more than 3 weeks is more common in malignant tumors, tuberculosis and bacterial endocarditis.
Patients with high fever must go to the hospital for examination, make a clear diagnosis and treat them according to the cause. The high fever can only get better, but only antipyretic drugs can only work temporarily, and the high fever will not return after the drug is used.
4) Disposal measures
1. In the early stage of high fever, patients may have chills due to the strong contraction of skin blood vessels. Don't rush to take measures to reduce fever at this time, and pay attention to keep warm. After the chill, the body temperature rises rapidly, and then take the following measures to reduce the fever in time.
2. Stay in bed and drink plenty of water, about 2000 ml per day, especially when the temperature is high. It is best not to use sugary drinks.
3. Physical cooling method:
① Cold compress with ice pack: It can relieve brain congestion and edema and protect the central nervous system.
The specific method is to take the ice cubes out of the refrigerator, put them in cold water to remove the edges and corners, then put them in hot water bottles, and put water in 1/2 bags. Cover the cover tightly with the discharged air, and check that there is no water leakage. Put them on the patient's forehead, pillow, neck and bilateral armpits respectively, and exchange positions every 20 minutes to avoid frostbite.
2 alcohol rubbing bath: it can dilate local blood vessels and take away heat through the evaporation of alcohol, thus achieving the purpose of cooling down. The concentration of alcohol used for physical cooling is about 30%. 70-95% alcohol plus 1: 1- 1: 2, or white wine.
Bathing parts include neck, pillow, armpit, elbow socket, thigh root, ankle socket and so on. , but don't wipe the chest, abdomen, palms, ankles, etc. To avoid bad consequences. The action of alcohol bath should be gentle, with skin reddening as the degree, and a thin layer can be rubbed.
If the patient has chills, pale face and blue lips, he should immediately stop taking a bath, cover the quilt to keep warm and drink some sugar water.
4. Use drugs to cool down when the body temperature is too high. It is necessary to avoid overdose and repeated medication in a short period of time. Febrile drugs have the function of sweating a lot to strengthen heat dissipation and are easy to collapse. Commonly used antipyretics include compound aspirin (APC), paracetamol, antongding and Bupleurum injection.
Patients with gastrointestinal diseases can also choose indomethacin suppository, each time 1/2 tablets into the anus, which has a good antipyretic effect.
Those with persistent high fever for a long time can also take Zixuedan, Angong Niuhuang Pill orally and Qingkailing injection intravenously.
5. Strengthen nursing and ensure nutrition. Patients with high fever often lose appetite, sweat a lot and consume a lot. Patients should try to eat a light liquid diet rich in vitamins and other nutrients, including fresh vegetable juice and fruit juice, so as to increase the body's resistance.
In addition, the saliva secretion of patients with high fever is reduced, and vitamin deficiency often leads to dry tongue, glossitis and oral ulcer. Therefore, to strengthen oral care, rinse your mouth with light salt water 2-3 times a day and take vitamins C and B2 at the same time. Oral ulcer can be smeared with ice boron powder, and oral fissure can be smeared with vaseline ointment, with good effect.
6. Etiology treatment. A high fever is just a symptom of some diseases. Simple fever sometimes has no good effect, and after the drug effect, the body temperature rises again. Therefore, we should pay attention to finding the cause of high fever and treat it according to the cause. Fever caused by infectious diseases, treated with sufficient and effective antibacterial drugs, will naturally reduce the fever when the condition improves.
Love tip: If you have any other discomfort, it is recommended to go to the hospital for relevant examination in time so as to prescribe the right medicine.
If you are satisfied with the above answer, please don't disappoint my kindness and adopt it as an answer in time.