Titanium is not magnetic, with titanium construction of nuclear submarines do not have to worry about magnetic mine attack. Since titanium is very strong and can withstand high pressure, such submarines can navigate in deep waters up to 4,500 meters deep.
Titanium is very heat-resistant, with a melting point of 1,725 degrees Celsius. At room temperature, titanium can lie unharmed in a variety of strong acid and alkali solutions. Even the most ferocious acid - aqua regia, can not corrode it. Titanium is not afraid of seawater, some people have sunk a piece of titanium to the bottom of the sea, five years later to take up a look, the top of the sticking a lot of small animals and seabed plants, but there is no rust, is still bright and shiny.
Titanium corrosion-resistant, so it is often used in the chemical industry. In the past, chemical reactors containing hot nitric acid parts are stainless steel. Stainless steel is also afraid of that strong corrosive agent - hot nitric acid, every six months, such parts should be replaced. Now, the use of titanium to make these parts, although the cost is more expensive than stainless steel parts, but it can be used continuously for five years, calculated instead of much more cost-effective.
When a supersonic airplane is in flight, the temperature of its wings can reach 500 degrees Celsius. Such as the use of more heat-resistant aluminum alloy manufacturing wings, one to two or three hundred degrees will not be able to eat, there must be a light, tough, and high temperature materials to replace the aluminum alloy ethyl titanium is just able to meet these requirements. Titanium can also withstand more than one hundred degrees below zero test, in this low temperature, titanium still have good toughness and not brittle.
Using titanium and zirconium's strong absorption of air, it is possible to remove air and create a vacuum. For example, a vacuum pump made of titanium can pump air down to just one part in 100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000.
Titanium dioxide is the world's whitest thing, l grams of titanium dioxide can be more than 450 square centimeters of area painted snow white. It is 5 times whiter than the commonly used white pigment a-zinc barium white, so it is the best pigment to modulate white paint. The titanium dioxide used as pigment in the world is more than hundreds of thousands of tons a year. Titanium dioxide can be added to the paper, so that the paper becomes white and opaque, the effect is 10 times greater than other substances, therefore, banknote paper and art paper should be added titanium dioxide. In addition, in order to lighten the color of plastic, so that the rayon shine soft, sometimes also need to add titanium dioxide. In the rubber industry, titanium dioxide is also used as a white rubber filler.
Titanium tetrachloride is an interesting liquid, it has a pungent odor, in the wet air will be a big white smoke - it hydrolyzed, into a white titanium dioxide hydrogel. In the military, people use titanium tetrachloride's strange temperament as an artificial smoke agent. Especially in the ocean, more water, a release of titanium tetrachloride, the smoke is like a white Great Wall, blocking the enemy's line of sight. In agriculture, people use titanium tetrachloride to prevent frost.
Barium titanate crystals have this characteristic: when it is pressurized to change its shape, it will generate an electric current, and it will change its shape again as soon as it is energized. So, people put the barium titanate in the ultrasonic wave, it is pressurized to produce current, by the size of the current it produces can be measured by the ultrasonic strength. On the contrary, with high-frequency current through it, it can produce ultrasonic waves. Nowadays, barium titanate is used in almost all ultrasonic instruments. Besides, barium titanate has many other uses. For example, railroad workers put it under the railroad tracks to measure the pressure when the train passes; doctors use it to make pulse recorders. The underwater detector made of barium titanate is a sharp underwater eye, which can not only see the fish, but also can see the underwater reefs, icebergs and enemy submarines.
Vanadium
If steel is a tiger, then vanadium is the wing, steel containing vanadium is like a tiger with wings. Just add a few percent of vanadium in steel, you can make the steel elasticity, strength, wear and burst resistance is excellent, both high temperature and resistance to cold, no wonder in the automobile, aviation, railroads, electronics technology, defense industry and other sectors, vanadium can be seen everywhere. In addition, vanadium oxides have become one of the best catalysts in the chemical industry, known as "chemical bread". It seems that the "son" of Vanadis is in great favor on earth.
Mainly used in the manufacture of high-speed cutting steel and other alloy steels and catalysts. Vanadium can be blended into steel to make vanadium steel. Vanadium steel is more compact than ordinary steel, with higher toughness, elasticity and mechanical strength. Armor-piercing bullets made of vanadium steel are capable of penetrating steel plates up to 40 centimeters thick. However, in the steel industry, instead of adding pure vanadium metal to steel to make vanadium steel, vanadium steel is made directly from iron ore containing vanadium.
The color of vanadium salts is really colorful, green, red, black, yellow, green as emerald, black as ink. Such as divalent vanadium salts are often purple; trivalent vanadium salts are green, tetravalent vanadium salts are light blue, tetravalent vanadium alkaline derivatives are often brown or black, and vanadium pentoxide is red. These colorful vanadium compounds are made into bright pigments: they are added to glass to make stained glass, and can also be used to make a variety of inks.
Vanadium compounds are not only colorful, they are also extremely toxic. If there are too many vanadium salts in a person's body, they can get sick. Surprisingly, however, if traces of vanadium salts are added to the feed of cows and pigs, it makes them eat more and thicken their fat layer.
The blood of higher animals contains iron ions, which are red in color, so the blood of higher animals is red. The blood of lower animals contains copper ions, and solutions of copper ions are blue, e.g., copper sulfate solution is azure, so the blood of lower animals is blue. Those animals in between contain trivalent vanadium ions in their blood, and careful children will remember that trivalent vanadium ions are green, so the blood of these animals is green.