□ Reporter Kou Junsong
According to the Liaoning Provincial Government issued the "notice on the promotion of the employment of graduates of ordinary colleges and universities on a number of policies" (Liaozhengfa 〔2003〕 No. 26) documents, Liaoning Province, college graduates who hold independent entrepreneurship certificate can apply for independent entrepreneurship loans.
In accordance with the provisions of the Shenyang City, applying for independent entrepreneurship microfinance guarantee of college graduates, must hold the "Independent Entrepreneurship Certificate for College Students". Graduates applying for the "independent entrepreneurship certificate for college students" need to bring the following materials to the Shenyang City Personnel Bureau Graduation Office:
1. "Independent Entrepreneurship Application and Approval Form for Ordinary College and University Graduates";
2. The original graduation certificate and a copy of the certificate; 3. Original and copy of my ID card; 4. Reporting card; 5. One-inch photographs of two;
6. I need to transfer my files to the Shenyang City Personnel Bureau Graduation Office.
Municipal personnel department in conjunction with the education department, the Youth League Committee of the applicant to apply for a loan guarantee of the basic conditions of the preliminary examination and issuance of the "independent entrepreneurship certificate", the preliminary examination of the relevant application materials submitted to the same level of the guarantee agency, the guarantee agency to guarantee the application for review. Guarantee agency commitment to guarantee, the education sector will be the applicant's relevant information together with the loan guarantee relationship with commercial banks for loan review. Commercial banks agreed to loans after the review, and guarantee agencies to sign a guarantee contract with the loan applicant to sign a loan agreement, timely disbursement of loans, and in the applicant's "Independent Entrepreneurship Certificate," noting that the guaranteed loans have been handled.
In order to support college students' entrepreneurship, the state and governments at all levels have introduced many preferential policies involving financing, business start-up, taxation, entrepreneurial training, entrepreneurial guidance and many other aspects.
In recent years, in order to support college students' entrepreneurship, the state and governments at all levels have introduced many preferential policies, involving financing, business, tax, entrepreneurial training, entrepreneurial guidance and many other aspects. For college students who intend to start their own business, it is important to understand these policies in order to take the first step towards entrepreneurship.
(a) university graduates within two years of graduation to start their own businesses, to the business sector where the business entity to apply for a business license, the registered capital (this) in the following 500,000 yuan, allowed to be put in place in installments, the first in place not less than 10% of the registered capital (contribution of not less than 30,000 yuan), 1 year of the paid-in registered capital added to more than 50% of the remaining balance can be put in place in installments within three years.
(ii) university graduates new consulting industry, information industry, technical services, enterprises or business units, approved by the tax department, exempted from enterprise income tax for two years; new enterprises or business units engaged in transportation, post and telecommunications, approved by the tax department, the first year exempted from enterprise income tax, enterprise income tax for the second year, halved; new enterprises engaged in public utilities, commerce, materials industry, foreign trade, tourism, logistics, warehousing, residential service, catering, education and culture, and health, shall be exempted from enterprise income tax for one year upon approval by the tax authorities.
(3) State-owned commercial banks, joint-stock banks, city commercial banks and urban credit unions in a position to do so shall provide small loans for graduates who start their own businesses, and simplify the procedures and provide account opening and settlement facilities, with a loan amount of about 20,000 yuan. The maximum loan period is two years, and if it is determined that the loan needs to be extended, an extension can be applied for once. Loan interest is determined in accordance with the People's Bank of China announced loan interest rates, the maximum guarantee is five times the guarantee fund, the term is the same as the loan period.
(d) the government personnel administrative departments under the talent intermediary service agencies, free of charge for independent entrepreneurial graduates to keep personnel files (including social security, title, file salary and other relevant procedures) for two years; provide free query talent, labor supply and demand information, free job advertisements and other services; appropriate reduction or waiver of participation in the talent bazaar or talent and labor exchanges; preferential for the establishment of enterprises to provide a training, assessment services for employees, and to provide a training, assessment services. The company will also provide one training and assessment service for the employees of the company.
The above preferential policies are formulated by the state for all self-employed college students, and governments around the world have also introduced relevant policies and regulations in order to support local college students' entrepreneurship, which are more detailed and closer to reality. Understanding these preferential policies will allow college students to feel the support of the state and the government, and be more determined to start their own businesses.
College students have a passion for entrepreneurship, but due to a lack of experience, lack of ability, awareness of bias and other reasons, resulting in entrepreneurial success rate is significantly lower. In this regard, college students entrepreneurship guidance experts, Shanghai Entrepreneurship Education and Training Center President Xu Benliang analysis that college students entrepreneurship must have the following hardware:
Hardware one:
Reserve of entrepreneurial knowledge; the eyes of the low, paper is easy for college students to fall into the misunderstanding. Because they stay on campus for a long time, the lack of understanding of society, especially in the market development, business operations experience is quite scarce. Therefore, college students should be fully prepared before starting a business, on the one hand, by working in the enterprise or internship to accumulate relevant management and marketing experience; on the other hand, by participating in entrepreneurial training, entrepreneurial knowledge, receive professional guidance, to recharge their own, in order to improve the success rate of entrepreneurship.
Hardware 2:
Preparation of capital; a clever woman can't cook without rice. Nearly half of the college students believe that "capital is the roadblock to entrepreneurship". Without funds, even the best ideas are difficult to transform into real productivity. Before obtaining funds, you must first understand how much money you need, how to obtain funds, and how the source of funds. Entrepreneurs must have certain business concepts, whether to choose debt as a source of funds or choose equity as a source of funds, what you choose to give your investors as a guarantee, these basic questions will determine whether the initial stage of entrepreneurship is successful or not. College students to develop ideas, multi-channel financing, in addition to bank loans, self-financing, private lending and other traditional ways, but also make full use of venture capital, venture capital funds and other financing channels.
Hardware three:
Technology and interest; Intelligence for capital, which is the characteristic road of college students' entrepreneurship. Some venture capitalists are often willing to finance their entrepreneurial programs just because they are interested in the advanced technology mastered by college students. Therefore, intends to start a business in the field of high-tech college students, must pay attention to technology <BR> technology innovation, the development of independent intellectual property rights of the product, to attract investors in the hands of the funds.
Hardware 4:
Personal ability; Entrepreneurship is a process from simple people, such as the beginning of the lack of judgment on the market, then you should start from the simple market, so as to accumulate experience. College students in the technical excellence, financial management, marketing, communication, management ability is generally insufficient, not familiar with the business "rules of the game". In order to start a successful business, entrepreneurs in addition to strong executive ability (perseverance, perseverance), but also have the basic business skills.
Today's entrepreneurial market, although unlimited business opportunities, but for the capital, ability, experience are limited to college students entrepreneurs, not "stooping to pick up the wealth on the ground". In this case, college students entrepreneurship only according to their own characteristics, to find the right "place", in order to break out of a really suitable for their new world.
Direction one:
High-tech field in the high-tech frontiers of college students, entrepreneurship in this field has the advantage of near water first moon, "NetEase", "Tencent" and other college students the success of entrepreneurial enterprises, that is, thanks to the entrepreneur's technological advantages. NetEase", "Tencent" and other student entrepreneurial enterprises success, is due to the entrepreneurs of the technical advantages. However, not all college students are suitable for entrepreneurship in the field of high-tech, generally speaking, the technical background of deep, outstanding academic performance of college students have the hope of success. College students who are interested in starting a business in this field can actively participate in various entrepreneurial competitions to get a chance to stand out in order to attract venture capital.
Recommended business opportunities:
Software development, network services, game development, etc.
Direction 2: Intellectual service field in the field of intellectual service entrepreneurship, college students are at ease, intelligence is the first college students entrepreneurial capital. For example, the tutoring field is very suitable for college students to start their own business, especially for college students majoring in teacher training. On the one hand, tutoring is a traditional channel for college students to work and study, and they have accumulated a wealth of experience; on the other hand, college students can make full use of the educational resources of colleges and universities, and it is easier to dig the "first bucket of gold". This kind of intellectual service entrepreneurship program cost is low, a table, a phone can open.
Recommended business opportunities:
Tutoring, tutoring agencies, design studios, translation firms, etc.
Direction 3:
Chain franchise field According to the survey, in the same business field, the success rate of individual entrepreneurship is less than 20%, while the franchise business is as high as 80%. The entrepreneurial resources are very limited for college students, with the chain of franchises, brand, technology, marketing, equipment advantages, can be less investment, lower threshold to achieve self-employment. But the chain is not "zero risk", in the market mixed status quo, college students are not y involved in the world, in the choice of joining the project should pay attention to avoid risk. Generally speaking, college entrepreneurs have weak financial strength, suitable for the choice of start-up capital is not much, manpower requirements of the franchise project is not high, from the small business is appropriate; In addition, it is best to choose the operating time of more than 5 years, with more than 10 franchises of mature brands.
Complying with the provisions of the college entrepreneurs will have preferential policies vary from place to place
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