In 1851, American machinist I.M. Shengjia [also known as Lechak Merritt Shengjia] invented the lockstitch sewing machine, and set up Shengjia Company. Sewing machines of this period were basically hand-cranked. In 1859, the Katsuya Company invented the foot-operated sewing machine. After the invention of the electric motor by Thomas and Edison, in 1889, the Katsuya Company invented the electric motor-driven sewing machine. From then on, a new era in the sewing machine industry began. In 1940, the Swiss company Elna invented a portable household sewing machine with a cartridge-type bottom plate aluminum alloy casting case and a built-in electric motor, and after 1950, it further developed the household multifunctional sewing machine. Establishment of the sewing machine
In 1851, Shengjia Company was the first company to start producing sewing machines in the U.S. At that time, the production of sewing machines was second only to clocks.In 1870, there were 69 companies producing sewing machines in the U.S. In 1871, the U.S. annual production of sewing machines was 700,000 units. By 1891, the Shengjia company had produced a cumulative total of 10 million sewing machines. It can be said that for a long time, Shengjia basically monopolized the production of sewing machines in the world. After World War II, the sewing machine industry in West Germany, Italy, and Japan developed rapidly, and most companies in Europe began to produce industrial sewing machines, except for those that still produced high-grade traditional household sewing machines. During this period, Japanese sewing machine companies began to produce inexpensive sewing machines with government subsidies and sold them to the United States and other parts of the world. In the early 1970s, the market for household sewing machines in industrially advanced countries was saturated, and Japanese companies, with rising labor costs, also had to turn to the production of industrial sewing machines, while South Korea, in particular, seized the opportunity of Taiwan to make a rise in the sewing-machine industry, producing medium- and low-grade sewing machines and putting them on the international market.
Introduction of the development of sewing machines in China
In 1890, China introduced the first sewing machine from the United States. In 1905, Shanghai first began to manufacture sewing machine parts and accessories, and established some small workshops for the production of parts and accessories. In 1928, the first 44-13 industrial sewing machine was produced by Shanghai Xiechang Sewing Machine Factory. In the same year, Shanghai Shengmei Sewing Machine Factory also produced the first household sewing machine. Before 1949, the production of sewing machines in old China was very low, with an annual output of less than 4,000 units, and the sewing equipment market at that time was mainly monopolized by the American Shengjia Company. In 1949, after the founding of New China, the sewing machinery industry was fully developed, and the industry went through the stage of reorganization, transformation, public-private partnership, merger and cooperation, and a reasonable division of labor, forming a number of backbone enterprises: such as Shanghai's Cut, Chang, Huigong, Flyer, Butterfly and Tianjin Sewing Machine Factory, as well as Guangzhou's South China Sewing Machine Factory and other sewing machine manufacturers, which mainly produced ordinary household sewing machines and low-grade sewing machines for industrial use. They mainly produced general household sewing machines and low-grade industrial sewing machines. At the end of the 1950s, the light industry implemented generalization and standardization of household sewing machines, unified the design drawings, and improved the compatibility of parts and components, which led to an increase in the number of sewing machine manufacturers and the development of special-purpose sewing machines such as koi fans, medical and surgical procedures, badminton, bicycle tires, and corduroy patchwork, etc., in accordance with the needs of the sewing machine. According to statistics. As of 1980 the country *** there are 56 sewing machine production enterprises, distributed in 22 provinces and cities. By 1982, the output of sewing machines in China reached 12.86 million units, ranking first in the world. By the mid-1980s, with the continuous adjustment of the market and consumption structure, the product structure of sewing equipment was developing in the direction of high-speed and serialization on the basis of medium and low-speed industrial sewing machines, and the electronic and computer technologies were also widely used in sewing machines. At the same time, China has also completed the establishment of the parts and components supporting system and constructed a huge sewing machine sales network. Some of the sewing machine enterprises digested and absorbed the advanced technology after introducing it from abroad. In the early 90s, international famous enterprises entered China one after another and set up joint ventures and wholly-owned enterprises in China. In the late 90's, private enterprises began to rise, and the great adjustment of industrial structure promoted the great development of the industry, which in general formed six major production areas and bases, including Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Tianjin and Guangzhou. As of 2004, China's sewing machine manufacturers amounted to more than 600, more than 1,000 manufacturers of spare parts, with an annual production capacity of 14,008,000 units, a gross domestic product of about 28 billion yuan, and nearly 1,000 varieties, and has become one of the world's major sewing machinery production countries. Types of sewing machines In 1975, Shengjia company invented a computer-controlled multi-functional home sewing machine, and since then gradually used for industrial sewing machines. early 80s, the world's German century-old sewing machine
*** There are more than 3,000 kinds of sewing machines, commonly used in the production of sewing machines for about 600 kinds of sewing machines. Sewing machine categories in accordance with the use of sewing machines can be divided into domestic sewing machines, industrial sewing machines and sewing machines located in the service industry between the two; according to the drive can be divided into hand-cranked, foot and electric sewing machines; according to the sewing stitch can be divided into imitation hand sewing stitch, lock stitch, single thread chain stitch, double or multi-thread chain stitch, single or multi-thread overlock chain stitch and multi-thread overlock chain stitch sewing machine.