First, the significance of reducing procurement costs
Influenced by the market economy and the law of value, if an enterprise wants to improve its economic benefits, it must start with the root cause, that is, reducing the procurement cost. Only long-term scientific and effective control of procurement costs can ensure the survival and long-term development of enterprises. Measures to improve enterprise management include controlling enterprise procurement costs. According to statistics, the procurement cost of enterprises in China accounts for 80% of the total cost. From this ratio data, we can know that the core and main axis of the total cost of an enterprise is the procurement cost. Therefore, the key to reduce enterprise cost is to reduce procurement cost, which is also the guarantee to improve enterprise competitiveness. Driven by the market economy, the competition among enterprises is becoming more and more fierce. Only by reducing the procurement cost, improving the utilization rate of funds, reducing unnecessary expenses, opening up new sources and reducing expenditure can enterprises improve their economic benefits, survive in the competition and further explore new markets on the premise of consolidating the original market.
Second, the reasons for high procurement costs
1. The procurement system is not standardized and the basic work is weak. Most enterprises only attach importance to the sales department, thinking that only sales is the link to create profits, while ignoring procurement management. Due to the lack of attention and standardized procurement system, the basic procurement work is relatively weak. Some managers do not know enough about purchasing cost control, and think that spending less money is to control purchasing cost, without considering the long-term development of the company, which leads to the failure to keep up with the development process of enterprise production technology and equipment upgrading and the low production efficiency of the enterprise. Therefore, the purchasing department can not be simply classified as the logistics department of the enterprise, and purchasing determines the survival foundation of the enterprise. There is no standardized procurement system and excellent procurement manager, which is very unfavorable to the development of enterprises. Therefore, enterprises must standardize the procurement system and improve the procurement management level.
2. Blind pursuit of advanced procurement methods. Driven by the market economy, the competition among enterprises is becoming more and more fierce. Many enterprises are inexperienced in controlling procurement costs, and usually blindly pursue advanced procurement methods regardless of their actual situation. At present, scientific procurement methods include e-commerce procurement, order procurement, supply chain procurement and strategic procurement. Enterprises must not pursue advanced methods and ignore their own development in procurement, otherwise they will not only invest huge costs in advanced procurement methods, but also pay for the difficulties in enterprise development brought about by rising costs.
3. Unreasonable inventory. Commodity inventory management is very important in the normal business activities of enterprises. For example, for the continuity of normal production, industrial enterprises often store a large number of spare parts and materials, which invisibly increases inventory funds and management costs. However, after the production equipment of some enterprises has been upgraded, the spare parts in the inventory can not be used, which also causes secondary waste. In ABC management law, the reason of inventory waste is that the goods are not arranged reasonably according to the priority order.
4. Do not pay attention to the choice of suppliers. The most important point in purchasing is to choose suppliers. The quality of suppliers not only affects the cost of enterprises, but also determines the normal operation of production equipment and the quality of products. According to the survey, enterprises are often passive when choosing. In many cases, the suppliers dealing with enterprises are not optimal, which virtually increases the procurement cost for enterprises. Excellent suppliers can not only ensure the quality and efficiency of supply, but also help enterprises to effectively control procurement costs.
5. The management of purchasing personnel is lax. Due to the lack of strict management system and supervision and restriction, some procurement personnel take kickbacks, and the illegal acts of black-box operation are also factors that increase procurement costs. To do a good job in purchasing and control costs, there must be strict and perfect supervision and a mechanism to train excellent purchasing personnel. Procurement personnel are required not only to have solid business knowledge, but also to have a high sense of responsibility and justice, so as to achieve fair, just and open sunshine procurement and put an end to black-box operation.
Third, fully control the procurement cost.
1. Establish and improve the procurement system and do the basic work of procurement cost control. Perfect procurement system and strict procurement process are the guarantee for doing a good job in procurement. If the enterprise can't formulate a strict procurement system, it will lead to many loopholes in the procurement work, providing the procurement staff with opportunities for illegal procurement. A perfect procurement system can not only help enterprises control procurement costs, improve their production efficiency and product quality, but also put an end to unhealthy practices. At the same time, it can improve the reputation, social influence and product appeal of enterprises and create good social benefits for enterprises.
2. Adopt reasonable and effective procurement methods. In the management of procurement, reasonable and effective procurement methods are very important. According to the examples of previous enterprises, this paper mainly introduces some methods that can help enterprises reduce procurement costs. The choice of purchasing methods requires enterprises to make appropriate choices according to their own development and product characteristics. Bidding procurement, online procurement and centralized procurement are all commonly used procurement methods, among which bidding procurement is vigorously promoted by the state. Bidding procurement can choose the best supplier and save procurement funds, which is the most effective way for enterprises to reduce procurement costs. Centralized procurement is the way to centralize the unit demand and form large-scale procurement, which is beneficial to negotiate with suppliers, thus obtaining better prices and controlling procurement costs.
Online procurement is a way of purchasing by using the Internet e-commerce platform. This method makes use of the convenience of the internet, so that buyers can stay at home and have more choices. This purchasing method is becoming more and more popular.
3. Do a good job in inventory management and reduce procurement costs. Inventory management is the guarantee of uninterrupted production of enterprises, and it can also control inventory funds well and reduce enterprise costs. Therefore, it is very important for enterprises to do a good job in inventory management. Enterprises need to arrange inventory reasonably according to ABC rules, and try their best to achieve zero inventory management, so that the inventory cost of enterprises can be effectively controlled.
4. Choose the right supplier. Enterprises must be prepared when choosing suppliers. First of all, we should understand the basic information of the products provided by the suppliers, and at the same time, we should conduct market research on the products and understand the suppliers in many aspects, such as reputation, product quality, supply capacity, supply specifications, product asking price, after-sales service and so on. When all the materials to be inspected are sorted out, choose the information that is most useful to you as the judgment benchmark to help you choose suppliers later. At the same time, it also shows that enterprises must have their own information system, so as to follow up the market situation, understand the characteristics of suppliers, avoid the singleness and blindness of supplier selection, ensure the rationalization of enterprise procurement, and help control the procurement cost. When an enterprise selects a suitable supplier, it is best to establish a supplier list, make corresponding supply records, evaluate the service of suppliers in time, and take the initiative to choose the best supplier in the next year, improve the competitiveness among suppliers, which is conducive to the development of enterprises.
5. Strengthen the management of purchasing personnel and put an end to black-box operation. Establish strict supervision and management system, train and learn purchasing personnel, such as through supplier selection and approval; Sealed quotation; The price can be determined through a series of mechanisms, such as negotiation team, to avoid some illegal purchase behavior of individuals and to put an end to black-box operation. This also requires enterprises to be strict in the management of procurement personnel, and the selected personnel should have a high sense of responsibility and the ability to resist temptation. Strengthen the learning of procurement personnel, implement the rotation system, and ensure the openness and transparency of procurement work. Only excellent procurement personnel can help enterprises to better manage procurement.
Four. conclusion
In order to increase the profits of enterprises, reducing the procurement cost is a direct way, and to improve the economic benefits of enterprises, enterprises must reduce the procurement cost from all aspects and simplify the procurement process reasonably. Only in this way can enterprises develop by leaps and bounds.