Here, the concept of SSD is used instead of mechanical hard disk. In a narrow sense, SSD is a kind of solid-state hard disk, which replaces the mechanical hard disk installation system and stores videos, photos and documents.
Look directly at the difference between SSD and mechanical hard disk.
Mechanical hard disk structure diagram:
Structure diagram of SSD solid state drive:
Compared with mechanical hard disk, solid state hard disk has many advantages:
1.SSD has high fall resistance. Because the data of the mechanical hard disk is stored in the disk sector, many mechanical parts need to cooperate, and there are no mechanical parts in the SSD solid state hard disk, even if it moves at high speed or even falls over, it will not affect the normal use, and it can also minimize the possibility of data loss in the event of collision and vibration.
2.SSD reads and writes data very quickly. For an intuitive example, due to my work, all the computer system disks at work are SSD solid state drives (haha, here we go again), and my personal computer can start at the fastest speed and run within 10 second. Compared with the starting speed of a mechanical hard disk for a few minutes, it is simply a race between an airplane and a bicycle.
3.SSD is lighter than mechanical hard disk.
4.SSD runs without noise. As mentioned before, there are many small parts in the mechanical hard disk, and noise is inevitable during operation.
Solid-state hard disk (SSD) is a hard disk composed of an array of solid-state electronic storage chips, which is composed of a control unit and a storage unit (FLASH chip and DRAM chip). SATA-2 interface, SATA-3 interface, SAS interface, MSATA interface, PCI-E interface, NGFF interface, CFast interface and SFF-8639 interface are widely used in the new generation of solid state drives.
The mainstream interfaces are SATA (including 3Gb/s and 6Gb/s) interfaces, and SSD with PCIe 3.0 interface.
There are two kinds of storage media for solid-state hard disks. One is to use FLASH chips as storage media, and the other is to use DRAM as storage media.
Solid-state hard disk flash memory has the problem of limited erasing times, which is also the reason why many people criticize its short life. The complete erasure of flash memory is called 1 P/E ratio, so the life of flash memory is based on P/E ratio. The life of 34nm flash memory chip is about 5000 P/E, while that of 25nm flash memory chip is about 3000 p/e. With the improvement of SSD firmware algorithm, the new SSD can provide less unnecessary writes. A 120G SSD needs to write a file of 120G to be considered as a P/E. Ordinary users can use it normally. Even if 50G is written every day, the P/E is written once every two days on average, and 3,000 P/Es can last for 20 years. By that time, the solid-state hard disk has long been replaced by more advanced equipment (in practice, users write more randomly than continuously, so the probability of bad tracks will be higher in the service life). In addition, although each sector of SSD can be erased 100000 times (SLC), some applications, such as logging in the operating system, may read and write a sector repeatedly, in which case, the actual life of SSD has not been tested. However, the life expectancy of the storage unit will be extended through the management of the equalization algorithm. The write life of SLC is 654.38+ 10,000 times, while that of MLC with lower cost is only 654.38+00000 times, while that of TLC flash memory with low cost is only 500-654.38+0000 times.
The most common installation methods of SATA interface solid state disk:
Solid-state hard disk abandons the mechanical structure of traditional hard disk and ceramic storage medium, and uses electronic storage medium to store and read data, which breaks through the bottleneck of platform access performance, has extremely high storage performance and greatly improves the speed. So if future users need to consider upgrading their computers or something, SSD is worth choosing. At present, our most common standard SSD solid state drive adopts SATA interface specification, and the installation method is the same as that of the general SATA interface hard drive. Here is a brief introduction.
When the SSD is newly installed, many new chassis will design the SSD location at present, especially some smaller SATA SSDs are not suitable for installing in the location of traditional mechanical hard disks. Therefore, it is recommended that you try to choose some motherboards produced by 20 12, so as to better install solid state drives. However, if it is a 2.5-inch solid state drive with the same size as the traditional hard disk, it can be directly installed in the traditional solid state drive position. Because it is very simple, I won't introduce it in detail here. Just install the SSD in the host hard disk, fix it with screws, and then connect the hard disk data cable and power cable.
1, the solid-state hard disk starts quickly, and there is no process of accelerating the rotation of the mechanical hard disk motor.
2. Without a magnetic head, random reading is fast and the reading delay is very small. For two computers with the same hardware configuration, it only takes 18 seconds for the computer equipped with solid-state hard disk to boot into the desktop, while it takes 3 1 second for the traditional hard disk, which is nearly double the difference.
3. The read time of 3.SSD is relatively stable with little change. Because the addressing time is independent of the data storage location, disk fragmentation will not affect the read time of SSD.
4. Solid-state hard disk is designed based on DRAM, and its writing speed is much faster than that of mechanical hard disk.
5. Because there is no mechanical motor and fan, the noise value of solid state hard disk is very low, and there is almost no noise. Of course, some high-end or large-capacity SSDs will be equipped with fans to dissipate heat, so noise will still be generated.
6. Small-capacity SSD will produce low heat and low power consumption.
7.SSD has no mechanical moving parts, so there will be no mechanical failure, and of course there will be no fear of collision, impact and vibration. However, if the traditional mechanical hard disk encounters these problems, it is likely to affect the work of the hard disk and lead to data loss.
8. Traditional mechanical hard disks can only work in the range of 5 to 55 degrees Celsius, and are not resistant to high and low temperatures, while most solid-state hard disks can work at-10~70 degrees Celsius, which has a wider range of applications.
9. Finally, SSD with the same capacity will be lighter than mechanical HDD, thus reducing the overall weight of the host.
The structure of solid state hard disk (SSD) is very different from the traditional mechanical hard disk. Traditional hard disk is a mechanical structure, which consists of disk, magnetic head, control motor, cache and main controller. When working, the motor will rotate at the speed of 5400 or 7200 or even higher, and drive the disk at the same time. When the disk rotates at high speed, it will drive the internal air and make the air in the hard disk flow at high speed. The magnetic head will float above the air layer flowing at high speed near the disk surface, and the magnetic head will not touch the disk surface, and will move from the initial position to the designated track when seeking.
Solid-state hard disk is composed of flash memory+main control+cache +PCB, and all components are fixed on PCB. NAND flash memory chip replaces magnetic disk as storage medium, and has no moving parts inside, so its seismic resistance is much stronger than that of mechanical hard disk, and it also has the advantage of zero noise. Of course, SSD greatly surpasses the traditional hard disk in data transmission speed, which is also its most attractive place.
At present, the reading and writing speed of mechanical hard disk is above 200mb/s at most. But the speed of SSD can reach 500MB/s even in SATA. If it's M.2 PCI-E, read more than 200mb/s and write 1000MB/s, it's all basic disks. For those products with high performance and increased capacity, it is entirely possible to double 3000 MB/s. ..
In addition, it is not as simple as fast reading and writing speed, and SSD is also completely successful in delay. The random read delay of SSD is only a few tenths of a millisecond, while that of 7200RPM mechanical hard disk is about 7 milliseconds, and that of 5400RPM hard disk is as high as 9 milliseconds. You will find that the system response speed of mechanical hard disk is very slow, while the response speed of SSD is very fast, which can be reflected when copying a large number of small files.
Random read and write and boot speed are the places where HDD can never catch up with SSD.
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Many people don't know what a solid state drive is. What's the difference between solid state hard disk and mechanical hard disk?
Solid state disk
Solid-state hard disk is actually a hard disk designed entirely with memory chip circuits.
▲ Internal structure of solid state hard disk
The picture above shows the internal structure of the solid-state hard disk. You can see that the SSD is full of components and printed circuit boards. In fact, SSD has many memory chip arrays to expand the storage capacity and form a SSD. At present, the SSD capacity on the market can reach 500G, but the price is higher. A 500G SSD is generally above 700 yuan, 120G is around 200 yuan, and a T mechanical HDD costs more than 200 yuan.
Mechanical hard disk
▲ Internal structure of mechanical hard disk
As can be seen from the above figure, there is a great difference between solid-state hard disk and mechanical hard disk in internal structure. Mechanical hard disk is mainly composed of magnetic disk, magnetic head, magnetic sheet, control motor and control circuit. The storage space of mechanical hard disk is on the disk, and the storage space of solid-state hard disk is on the memory chip.
Compared with mechanical hard disk, solid-state hard disk has the advantages of falling resistance, shock resistance, short startup time, fast reading and writing speed and no noise. The disadvantage is that the price is relatively expensive, which is generally about 3~5 times the price of mechanical hard disks. The greater the capacity, the greater the price difference. Moreover, at present, the general capacity is small, only 60G, 80G, 120G at first, and now it can reach 4T, but the price is very expensive, up to about 10000 yuan! Write that life is limited.
What is a solid state drive?
Over the years, people have been criticizing the slow speed of computers and saying that the processor is not good enough, but we often ignore that hard disks also play a great role in improving the speed of computers. Solid-state hard disk is a new type of hard disk that replaces the original mechanical hard disk. Because SSD has no mechanical structure of ordinary hard disk, and there is no seeking problem of mechanical hard disk, its reading and writing speed is much higher than that of mechanical hard disk, which makes us enter the system or application much faster!
What kinds of solid state drives are there?
Flash granules are the storage units of solid state disks, which are divided into SLC, MLC and TLC. Before explaining the difference between these three types of flash memory, let's popularize a word: P/E, what is P/E? P/E means that all flash memory cells of the hard disk are filled with data and erased at one time, which counts as a P/E. In other words, all flash memories must be filled with data to count as a P/E cycle of the solid state disk. Suppose a hard disk has six flash particles. When all six flash granules are full of data, one P/E will be consumed.
What's the difference between these particles?
After understanding the concept of P/E ratio, let's talk about the differences among SLC, MLC and TLC. At present, the common particles on the market are MLC and TLC. SLC belongs to the high-end series, and the high-end reason lies in its service life: the number of erasing and writing can reach tens of thousands. MLC has a P/E life of 2500~5000, while TLC has a P/E life of 500~2000.
The price-earnings ratio of SLC flash memory is very long, but it also brings about the price increase. Generally only used for enterprise SSD hard disks. The mainstream SSD in the market is mainly MLC and TLC particles (eTLC also belongs to TLC type).
Several interfaces of solid-state hard disk
In fact, there are still many interface types of SSD, such as SATA, mSATA, M.2, PCI-E and so on. But now the common interfaces on the market are only SATA3 and M.2 interfaces.
Here I will focus on the difference between M.2 and SATA3 solid state. M.2 solid state is small and fast (because there is no 6gbps speed limit of SATA3 interface, the speed can be much higher than SATA3 solid state), and it is the mainstream solid state hard disk interface in the future; Moreover, SATA3 uses the interface of the traditional mechanical hard disk, so it is more convenient to upgrade the old computer. Even if your computer doesn't have M.2 interface, buying a solid-state hard disk with SATA3 interface can improve the speed of your computer. Of course, the speed of some M.2 interface SSDs is similar to that of SATA3 SSD.
This is a solid state drive.
Just now, I carefully browsed JD.COM's notebooks with the price of 1000-2000 yuan. To be honest, I really don't recommend buying a notebook at this price. The configuration is very pit, which affects the user experience, and even the most basic fluency cannot be guaranteed.
After all, it is not easy for the student party to save money. It is difficult to spend one or two thousand yuan on a "toy". When you see your classmate's computer so smooth, look at your own computer, which is worse than the computer in the school computer room a few years ago.
We must spend money on the cutting edge. We have bought a lot of electronic products that eat ash before, and we are really afraid that the subject will spend money to buy a "netbook" in order to save money for a while, and even the most basic study work can't be done, let alone play a small game or something. You can wait for a little more money to buy a better notebook for a longer time.
Although there is no specific model recommended to the subject, it is really not recommended for the subject to spend money. It is also not recommended to use that money to buy second-hand, electronic products are bought new instead of old, and there are still many hidden pits waiting. If you have no experience, don't try to buy a second-hand laptop. Specifically, you can look at the second-hand notebook foreign garbage, all of which are pits. Having said that, I still hope that the subject can have a good notebook and don't spend money on it.
Solid-state hard disk is a hard disk composed of solid-state electronic memory chip array, which is composed of control unit and memory unit (FLASH chip, DRAM chip). It can be simply understood as speeding up the running speed of the system, the response time of the program, loading the game map faster and shortening the reading time. This is all that SSD can bring to everyone.
Compared with mechanical hard disk, solid-state hard disk is an old-fashioned mechanical hard disk with data line, and its reading speed is relatively slow. Now the reading speed of solid-state hard disk is between five and ten times. In other words, if we transmit data, we will save five times as much time as before. How tempting is it? There used to be a mechanical hard disk, which used a magnetic head to read data. If the front of the car is damaged, it will cause data damage, which is irreversible. Now subsidized SSDs are all made of chips. As long as the chips are not damaged, the data will be fine.
Solid-state hard disk (SSD) is a hard disk composed of an array of solid-state electronic storage chips, which is composed of a control unit and a storage unit (FLASH chip and DRAM chip). Solid-state hard disk is exactly the same as ordinary hard disk in terms of interface, function and usage, and the product shape and size are also exactly the same as ordinary hard disk. Widely used in military, vehicle, industrial control, video monitoring, network monitoring, network terminals, electric power, medical care, aviation, navigation equipment and other fields.
The working temperature range of the chip is very wide, including commercial products (0~70℃) and industrial products (-40~85℃). Although the cost is high, it is gradually spreading to DIY market. Because solid-state hard disk technology is different from traditional hard disk technology, there are many emerging memory manufacturers. Manufacturers only need to buy NAND memory and cooperate with appropriate control chips to manufacture solid-state hard disks. SATA-2 interface, SATA-3 interface, SAS interface, MSATA interface, PCI-E interface, NGFF interface, CFast interface and SFF-8639 interface are widely used in the new generation of solid state drives. [ 1]
Chinese name SSD mbth.
Fast reading and writing speed: using flash memory as storage medium, reading speed is faster than mechanical hard disk. Solid state hard disk does not need a magnetic head, and the seek time is almost zero. The continuous writing speed is amazing, and most SSD manufacturers will claim that their SSD continuous reading and writing speed exceeds 500MB/s! The speed of SSD is not only reflected in continuous reading and writing, but also the ultimate meaning of SSD, which is directly reflected in most daily operations. Associated with this is extremely low access time. The most common seek time of 7200 rpm mechanical hard disk is 12- 14 ms, while solid state hard disk can easily reach 0. 1 ms or even lower.