In order to effectively protect and improve the rural environment, in late August, the CPPCC Committee on Population, Resources and Environment, has gone to the Economic Development Zone, Chiping County, Guanxian County and the relevant departments of the municipal government of the city's rural environmental protection work carried out a thematic research. The research group visited the biogas project construction, livestock and poultry breeding waste utilization and straw gasification project, listened to the ***, environmental protection department report. Through the research, members of the basic grasp of the city's rural environmental protection work in the basic situation, analyze the problems and reasons, on how to promote the city's rural environmental protection work put forward some suggestions, recommendations. Now the research report is as follows:
First, the city's basic situation of rural environmental protection work
In recent years, in the municipal party committee, the city *** under the correct leadership of the city, the city of the scientific concept of development as a guide to the construction of new rural areas as a hand to focus on the rural remediation of the demonstration project, pay close attention to the rural industrial pollution, agricultural surface pollution Prevention and control, and actively organize the pilot centralized treatment of rural garbage and sewage, and continue to promote the creation of ecological townships, ecological villages, etc., has achieved certain results, so that the rural environment has been significantly improved.
(A) ecological construction has been steadily advancing. Municipal Party Committee, the city *** issued "on the implementation of the ecological Shandong strategy to build the implementation of ecological Liaocheng opinions", comprehensively promote the construction of ecological city work. In the construction of the target responsibility system, always include the requirements of rural environmental protection related work in the examination of the important content, give straw burning and comprehensive utilization, large-scale livestock and poultry farming and the construction of fecal sewage treatment facilities in farming communities and other indicators of heavier points, the construction of the eco-city and the work of rural environmental protection organically combined together, and do a good job of rural environmental protection. Municipal environmental protection departments and the Agriculture Committee jointly issued the Liaocheng City straw burning ban work program, supervise the counties (urban areas) to effectively grasp the straw burning ban work. According to the "national ecological township declaration and management regulations (for trial implementation)", "provincial ecological township declaration and management regulations (for trial implementation)" requirements, the city is actively carrying out the creation of ecological townships. So far, the city has 41 townships have been named provincial ecological townships, 35 townships declared national ecological townships.
(2) "to award to promote governance" program effect is obvious. The central rural environmental protection special funds "to award to promote governance" is to promote the comprehensive improvement of the rural environment of the major policy measures. The city actively supervise the relevant counties (urban areas) to do a good job "to award for treatment" project construction and operation, timely on-site inspection of the project to ensure that the special funds to give full play to the benefits. 2008, the city **** 10 projects included in the "to award for treatment" Central rural environmental protection special funds program, in 2009, the city set up a municipal rural environmental protection special funds, such as, Guanxian East Gucheng Town, Tianmayuan Village, straw burning soot management and other projects to improve the quality of the local rural environment has played a positive role.
(C) Rural environmental contiguous rectification play a demonstration role. Last year, Shandong Province, Linqing City as one of the rural environmental improvement demonstration city, at present, the central and provincial Linqing City has allocated funds of 10 million yuan, Liaocheng City and Linqing City has been in accordance with the proportion of subsidized funds of not less than 30%, *** with the mobilization of local matching funds of 3,488,000 yuan. 2011-2012 demonstration project has been completed and put into trial operation, effectively playing the role of demonstration. Effectively play a demonstration role.
(D) effectively do a good job of livestock and poultry breeding pollution control. Strictly implement the "livestock and poultry pollution prevention and management measures" and other relevant laws and regulations, to strengthen the management of large-scale livestock and poultry farm construction, strictly prohibit the construction of livestock and poultry farms in the drinking water, waterways near the construction of new, alteration and expansion of large-scale livestock and poultry farms must be strictly enforced environmental impact assessment and "three simultaneous" system. Seriously carry out large-scale livestock and poultry farms special law enforcement inspection activities, and urge the implementation of the enterprise did not rectify the deadline, overdue in accordance with the law for serious treatment.
Two, the city's rural environmental protection work problems and reasons
In recent years, the city's rural environment, although there has been a marked improvement, but due to the wide range of rural environmental protection work, the infrastructure is weak, lagging behind the economic and social development of the countryside, the situation is still very serious.
(A) the city's rural environmental protection work problems
First, the pollution caused by industrial development. With the city's various types of industrial parks continue to grow, township enterprises flourish, some parks, enterprises failed to implement the "environmental assessment" and "three simultaneous" system, pollution control facilities are not perfect, the surrounding rural areas have a greater impact on the environment. In recent years, with the county parks above the environmental threshold of the project to improve standards, some pollution projects to the townships and villages to transfer, the formation of a new source of industrial pollution.
Second, the pollution caused by rural life. In recent years, the rural areas of life, consumption patterns have changed dramatically, resulting in an increasing amount of sewage and domestic waste generation and emissions. The city **** has an agricultural population of about 4,928,100 people, the annual production of domestic garbage is about 889,400 tons, due to the rural areas basically did not establish the garbage collection, transfer and disposal facilities, these garbage is piled up in the fields, ditches and pits. It is estimated that the city's annual production of domestic sewage in rural areas is about 46,767,700 tons. The vast majority of towns and villages have not built domestic sewage collection and treatment facilities, and domestic sewage is discharged directly without treatment.
Third, the pollution caused by planting production. The city is a traditional agricultural city, the city's arable land area of 530,900 hectares, fertilizer application, the use of agricultural plastic film and pesticide application amounted to 419,600 tons, 25,800 tons and 10,800 tons, respectively, a large number of these agricultural means of production, the use of rural ecological environment has brought great pressure. In addition, agricultural production of some of the straw, vine seedlings and other waste can not be better comprehensive utilization, piled up in the field, occupying a large number of land resources, some farmers lack of environmental awareness, burning straw, the atmospheric environment caused by pollution.
Fourth, the pollution caused by the production of farming. With the rapid development of large-scale livestock and poultry farming in our city, livestock and poultry feces and sewage increased significantly, the relevant storage and disposal facilities are not perfect, in some areas of concentrated farming, farming feces and sewage randomly piled up and discharged phenomenon is more prominent, not only the pollution of water and the atmospheric environment, livestock and poultry feces pathogens contained in the human body health also pose a certain threat.
(2) causes of the city's rural environmental problems
Currently, the city's rural environmental protection work exists in the above problems, both weak rural infrastructure, regulations are not sound and other objective and historical reasons, but also the ideological understanding of the lack of awareness, insufficient capital investment and other subjective and practical reasons. The main performance:
First, the awareness of rural environmental protection is weak. Some places there is a simple economic concept, most of the work focus on economic development and investment promotion, environmental protection work is mainly on the prevention and control of industrial pollution and urban pollution prevention and control above the importance of doing a good job in rural areas of environmental protection, urgency and necessity of the importance of not enough, not to the rural environmental protection work as a major event to improve the conditions of rural production and living to grasp. Some farmers are less aware of the environment
In order to pursue greater output and efficiency, often increase the use of pesticides, fertilizers and agricultural film, blindly develop small processing enterprises, the resulting environmental hazards are ignored.
Second, the rural environmental protection laws and regulations and institutional mechanisms are not sound. China's existing environmental protection laws and regulations and institutional mechanisms, is based on urban and important point source pollution prevention and control on the basis of rural pollution and its characteristics of insufficient attention, resulting in the current environmental laws and regulations in rural areas are not perfect, institutional mechanisms are not coordinated, management institutions are not sound. Many departments have the function of rural environmental protection, but due to the lack of comprehensive coordination, there is a "call for more, less implementation" phenomenon.
Third, the weak regulatory power of rural environmental protection. Due to institutional, organizational, human and financial factors, the city's environmental protection system has not been established with the rural environmental work situation of the workforce; the existing level of environmental monitoring and environmental monitoring equipment is difficult to adapt to the needs of rural environmental protection; townships and the general lack of environmental protection agencies and full-time staff, it is difficult to give full play to the role of supervision.
Fourth, rural environmental protection infrastructure lags behind. With the accelerated process of rural modernization, the rapid expansion of small towns and rural settlements, supporting rural environmental infrastructure construction is relatively lagging behind, in addition to some counties (cities, districts) *** stationed and the implementation of the "prize to promote the governance" project townships (offices), most of the construction of sewage treatment and garbage collection and transfer facilities, resulting in the city's centralized sewage treatment rate. Lead to the city's rural centralized sewage treatment rate and the harmless treatment rate of domestic garbage is low, resulting in the rural environment is difficult to improve.
Fifth, the lack of capital investment and policy support for rural environmental protection. Due to the city's underdeveloped region, all levels of financial investment in rural environmental protection is limited. Rural environmental protection is a very strong public welfare, high operating costs, low return on investment in the field, the lack of attraction to social capital investment. There is a lack of incentives and preferential investment policies in the treatment of domestic waste and the prevention and control of livestock and poultry breeding pollution.
Three, to promote the city's rural environmental protection work countermeasures and recommendations
For the problems, the members suggested that we should thoroughly implement the scientific concept of development, and effectively increase the investment, pay close attention to the construction of environmental infrastructure in rural areas, the comprehensive remediation of the rural environment, and effectively improve the quality of the rural environment.
(a) to raise the level of attention to the work of rural environmental protection
Rural environmental protection is related to the "three rural" work in the overall situation, is the focus of the construction of a new socialist countryside and difficult. Departments at all levels should fully understand the importance and urgency of doing a good job of rural environmental protection, in accordance with the municipal party committee, the city *** "on the consolidation of the achievements of the national environmental protection model city to further strengthen environmental protection work," the requirements of the concept of scientific development, adhere to the rural environmental protection as an important focus to accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development of the countryside, rural environmental protection into the important agenda and the work of environmental protection at all levels. The work of rural environmental protection will be incorporated into the important agenda and the environmental protection work system at all levels. To implement the administrative region environmental quality responsibility system, the rural environmental protection work tasks by year, level by level decomposition to the city, county, township three levels, in accordance with the requirements of the city's environmental protection work tasks target examination method, and constantly increase the examination of the strength. To actively promote the construction of ecological Liaocheng, increase the ecological creation and management efforts to encourage conditional townships to create national and provincial ecological townships. To carry out urban and rural environment comprehensive rectification, effectively improve the rural "dirty", "chaotic", "poor" phenomenon, improve the living environment. To improve rural environmental protection legislation, strengthen the rural environmental legal system, rural environmental regulatory capacity building, the establishment of scientific and efficient rural environmental monitoring, monitoring system and information system. Set up rural environmental protection agencies, equipped with the necessary personnel and equipment, increase monitoring and law enforcement efforts to promote the improvement of rural ecological environment.
(B) do a good job of rural pollution prevention and control according to local conditions
Rural environmental protection situation is different, the counties (cities, districts) and economic development zones should be adapted to local conditions, and actively explore pollution prevention and control of the road suitable for local practice.
First, in-depth promotion of rural life pollution prevention and control work. Accelerate the construction of rural living pollution control facilities, promote the living garbage, sewage collection, centralized treatment experience, and vigorously improve the rural living garbage transfer rate, living sewage treatment rate. Counties (cities and districts) with ripe conditions can explore the promotion of "village collection, township (township) transfer, county treatment", the rural living garbage generated within the county area will be properly disposed of. Townships (offices) with better economic conditions can build specialized domestic sewage collection and treatment systems and domestic garbage collection and transfer systems to solve the problem of pollution in rural life. Townships (offices) with industrial parks or industrial agglomerations should plan and build park sewage treatment plants or solid waste disposal facilities to centralize the solution of industrial pollution while digesting domestic pollution. Strengthen the supervision of medical waste, and gradually rural health clinics into the scope of centralized disposal of medical waste.
Second, pay close attention to the protection of rural drinking water. To strengthen the protection of drinking water sources, to ensure the safety of the masses of drinking water. To vigorously implement the "village tap water" project, and strive to improve the rural tap water penetration rate. To scientifically delineate rural protected areas, and constantly increase the supervision and management of drinking water source protection zones. Strictly enforce the "drinking water source protection zone pollution prevention and control management regulations" and "Chinese People's Republic of China *** and the State Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law" of the relevant provisions of the drinking water source protection zone is located in the illegal construction projects according to the law to carry out serious investigations and deal with, and resolutely to be cleaned up and banned, and effectively safeguard the rural drinking water source protection zones of environmental security.
The third is to do a good job in the prevention and control of agricultural pollution. To adjust the industrial structure, vigorously develop ecological agriculture, green agriculture and organic agriculture. Continue to carry out in-depth "two reduce three guarantee" action, vigorously promote soil testing and fertilization work, efforts to reduce the intensity of pesticide and chemical fertilizer use, and strengthen the agricultural land film recycling and comprehensive utilization work. It is also necessary to vigorously promote the popularization of advanced and applicable technologies in agriculture, and to develop clean energy through the resource utilization of agricultural waste, livestock and poultry manure, and crop residue, so as to achieve simultaneous improvement in the quality of the rural environment and the energy structure. For example, the use of livestock and poultry waste to produce biogas and organic fertilizers in Xiaoyangtun Village in Chiping County is a good model. We should continue to do a good job of banning straw burning and transforming straw by returning it to the field, silaging it and generating electricity. For example, the Xinfa Group in Chiping County is using straw to produce bio-oil, realizing the resourceful use of crop straw and putting an end to the phenomenon of straw burning. To accelerate the promotion of large-scale, intensive breeding methods, to promote centralized feeding, centralized treatment of pollution, unified management of standardized ecological breeding, accelerate the construction of livestock and poultry pollution prevention and control demonstration projects, as soon as possible to achieve the harmlessness of livestock and poultry manure and resource utilization.
Fourth, resolutely control industrial pollution in rural areas. To conscientiously implement the administrative region of rural environmental quality responsibility system, the prevention and control of industrial pollution as a comprehensive improvement of the rural environment, the most important thing to grasp. To comprehensively plan and rationalize the layout of township enterprises, the development of less polluting and non-polluting enterprises according to local conditions, and actively promote cleaner production technology to effectively reduce the emission of pollutants. For example, the introduction of Guanxing Group Datang Group solar power generation projects, reducing corporate pollution, increasing corporate efficiency. Rural enterprises should speed up the concentration of industrial parks, the implementation of centralized pollution control, centralized treatment, centralized supervision. Investment in rural areas can not lower the threshold, strict control of three high and one capital, strict control of the transfer of pollution sources to rural areas. Strengthening of rural environmental supervision, those backward technology, poor equipment, heavy pollution of enterprises to be a deadline or banning and closure according to law, to promote the improvement of the rural ecological environment.
(C) improve the rural environmental protection investment mechanism
Environmental protection is a public good, all levels should increase the investment in rural environmental protection funds, the establishment and improvement of multi-channel rural environmental infrastructure construction investment and financing mechanism. First, establish and improve the environmental protection investment guarantee mechanism. *** To increase policy support, the establishment of special funds for rural environmental protection, strong support for environmental protection and agricultural projects; environmental protection departments to increase investment in the comprehensive management of environmental pollution in rural areas
The financial sector should be in the funds to the construction of rural environmental infrastructure and the prevention and control of agricultural pollution to be appropriately tilted. Second, the establishment and improvement of policy guidance mechanism. Develop preferential policies to further stimulate participation in rural environmental protection enthusiasm and enthusiasm, in accordance with the "who invests, who benefits" principle, the use of market mechanisms to attract social capital to participate in the construction of rural environmental protection facilities and governance projects. Third, the implementation of the "award to promote governance", "continuous improvement" and other funding programs. To strengthen the "prize to promote governance" project supervision, accelerate the implementation of rural environmental remediation demonstration projects, strengthen supervision, inspection and performance evaluation, to ensure the smooth implementation of the existing special funds to ensure that the effectiveness of the project. At the same time, the city and county levels of finance to improve the funding support to ensure that the city to fight for more special governance funds.
(D) do a good job in rural environmental protection publicity and education
Rural environmental protection is a project involving thousands of households of the people's heart, at all levels to attach great importance to rural environmental protection publicity work, through a variety of media and training courses
The rural grass-roots cadres, the majority of farmers, primary and secondary school students for environmental protection education
so that environmental protection awareness of the people. First, the party school at all levels to open rural environmental protection training courses, the use of existing distance education system, the majority of grass-roots cadres, especially township, village-level cadres for rural environmental protection training, comprehensively improve the grass-roots party members and cadres of environmental protection awareness, ecological awareness and awareness of the rule of law, and enhance their law enforcement and emergency response capabilities, in life and work to strictly require themselves to set an example, and to play the role of an exemplary role model. Secondly, we insist on starting from the actual situation of rural areas and farmers, and adopt flexible, diversified, easy-to-understand and popular forms for farmers to carry out various forms of publicity and education, to help farmers understand the problems, development trends and hazards of the rural environment, and to guide them to consciously cultivate healthy and civilized ways of production, living and consumption. Thirdly, we have strengthened environmental education, insisted that eco-environmental protection be introduced into the classroom, and strengthened the penetration and guidance, so as to enable the majority of young students to set up the concept of environmental protection and cultivate good living habits from childhood. Fourth, make full use of the "June 5" World Environment Day, environmental protection century, the creation of green schools and ecological townships (villages) and other occasions
Extensively carry out multi-level, multi-form of environmental protection publicity and education activities to guide and mobilize more people to participate in, support and supervise the work of rural environmental protection. Fifth, give full play to the press, television and other news media public opinion guidance and supervision role
Greatly publicize the guidelines, policies and regulations of rural environmental protection, timely announcement of environmental law enforcement inspections as well as the state of environmental quality
To create a good atmosphere for the whole society to pay attention to the work of rural environmental protection.
According to the "county people's Congress Standing Committee of ecological environmental protection work of the implementation of thematic inquiry program" requirements, late August to early September, the county people's Congress Standing Committee composed of four research groups, respectively, by the leadership of the Standing Committee, led by the county's 15 townships to carry out research. The research group looked at the townships to carry out ecological environmental protection work, and held a symposium with the townships in charge of the leadership, the townships in the townships of the NPC deputies, the relevant departments in charge of in-depth discussions. At the same time, 200 questionnaires were issued (163 actually returned), and opinions and suggestions were widely solicited from deputies to the National People's Congress at all levels and people from all walks of life. Now the research report is as follows:
First, the basic situation and the results achieved
The ecological environment is the basic conditions for human survival and development. I county natural ecological foundation is excellent, the county land area of 3261 square kilometers, including forestry land area of 2105 square kilometers, forested land area of 1825 square kilometers, forest coverage rate of 57.2%; the territory of the water resources are relatively rich, the Yangtze River flows through the county 85 kilometers, there are Yaodu River, Huangpen River, Longquan River and other seven independent rivers and the Shengjin Lake, Taibaihu Lake two large lake system, which, Shengjin Lake in In 2014, it was included in the national lake protection plan and became the first internationally important wetland nature reserve in Anhui Province. The county has industrial agglomeration and agriculture on a large scale, with centralized governance and clean production conditions. The county has 171 industrial enterprises, mainly concentrated in parks (centralized areas). Among them, 44 households in Dongzhi Economic Development Zone and Xiangshum Town, 31 households in Dadukou Economic Development Zone, 22 households in Dongliu Industrial Concentration Zone and 19 households in Yaodu Town. In the county, there are 134 large poultry farming households (more than 500 birds in stock), 195 large hog farming households (more than 20 heads in annual slaughter), 67 large cattle and sheep farming households (more than 50 sheep in stock and more than 10 cattle in stock), and 7 large special farming households. From the 163 questionnaires returned to the statistical results, the community is highly concerned about the work of ecological environmental protection, the degree of concern reached 98.8%.
In recent years, the county adhere to the concept of green development, the implementation of ecological county strategy, and strive to achieve economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits synchronized promotion. First, the ecological environment construction continues to promote. Up to now, Zhangxi and other 7 townships, Yanghu Alpine and other 76 villages have succeeded in creating provincial forest towns and provincial forest villages, Shengli and other 3 townships promoted to the national ecological town; in August 2016, our county successfully passed the national ecological county acceptance. Secondly, the environmental improvement of the economic development zone continues to make efforts. Correctly face the media supervision, vigorously carry out comprehensive environmental remediation. Comprehensively start the third party law enforcement supervision and enterprise risk investigation, implement the park river and ditch remediation, 32 enterprises rain and sewage diversion re-modeling, the park environmental protection problems rectification work through the provincial environmental protection department acceptance and off the plate. Third, resource conservation and intensive utilization continued to strengthen. Energy saving work in the industrial field is carried out in a solid manner, air pollution emission reduction projects, water pollution emission reduction projects are steadily advancing. in June 2016, the successful creation of land resources saving and intensive model county.
Second, there are difficulties and problems