5. 19 benzene
English: benzene
CASNo.: 7 1-43-2
5. 19. 1 pre-job occupational health examination
5. 19. 1. 1 Occupational contraindications of target diseases:
(1) The following abnormalities were found in routine blood tests:
The white blood cell count is lower than 4.5×109/l;
Platelet count is lower than 8×1010/l; +00/ liter;
The red blood cell count is lower than 4× 10 12/L for men and 3.5×10/kloc-2/l for women, or the hemoglobin content is lower than 120g/L for men and1/kloc-for women.
(2) Hematopoietic diseases, such as various types of anemia, leukopenia and agranulocytosis, hemoglobinopathy, hematological tumors and coagulation disorders;
(3) Hypersplenism
5. 19. 1.2 inspection contents
(1) Symptoms query focuses on symptoms of nervous system and blood system, such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, dreaminess, memory loss, skin and mucous membrane bleeding, abnormal menstruation, etc.
(2) Physical examination routine examination of internal medicine
(3) Laboratory and other inspections
A. Required items include blood routine, urine routine, serum ALT and electrocardiogram.
B. choose hemolysis test and liver and spleen B-ultrasound.
5. 19.2 occupational health examination during working.
5. 19.2. 1 target disease
(1) Occupational diseases
A. Occupational chronic benzene poisoning (see GBZ68)
B. Leukemia caused by occupational benzene (see GBZ94)
(2) Hypersplenism in occupational contraindications.
5. 19.2.2 inspection contents
(1) Symptoms query focuses on symptoms of nervous system and blood system, such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, dreaminess, memory loss, skin and mucous membrane bleeding, abnormal menstruation, etc.
(2) Physical examination routine examination of internal medicine
(3) Laboratory and other inspections
A. Required items: blood routine (pay attention to cell morphology and classification), urine routine, serum ALT, electrocardiogram and B-ultrasound of liver and spleen.
B. Selected items: urine anti-sticky furoic acid determination, urine phenol, bone marrow puncture and hemolysis test.
5. 19.2.3 If the blood indexes of the subjects are abnormal, they should be rechecked 1 time within 1~2 weeks, and rechecked 3 times in a row.
5. 19.2.4 health examination cycle
(1) Workers' exposure to benzene exceeds the national hygienic standard: 1 year, 1 time;
(2) The concentration of workers exposed to benzene meets the national health standard: within 2 years 1 time.
5. 19.3 emergency occupational health examination
5. 19.3. 1 occupational acute benzene poisoning (see GBZ68)/ occupational acute toluene poisoning (see GBZ 16)
5. 19.3.2 inspection contents
(1) Symptoms inquiry focuses on drunken symptoms such as dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, irritability, and stumbling.
(2) Physical examination
A. Routine examination of internal medicine
B. routine examination of nervous system and cerebellum function
(3) Laboratory and other inspections
A. Required items include blood routine, urine routine, liver function, electrocardiogram and B-ultrasound of liver and spleen.
B, urine anti-sticky furoic acid, urine phenol and blood benzene are selected.
5. 19.4 occupational health examination when leaving the post
5. 19.4. 1 target disease
(1) Occupational chronic benzene poisoning
(2) Leukemia caused by occupational benzene
5. 19.4.2 The inspection items are the same as those during the on-the-job period.
Second:
1. There is no length of service limit for the identification of stupid poisoning. Even on the first day of work, symptoms of acute benzene poisoning can be identified.
2. In the working environment test report, the benzene content in the air exceeds the standard.
3. According to GBZ 2-2007 "occupational exposure limits of Hazardous Factors in Workplace"
make it clear
PC-TWA time-weighted average allowable concentration (8 hours).
The maximum allowable concentration of PC-MAC refers to the concentration that should not be exceeded at any time in a working day.
Allowable concentration of PC-STEL after short-time contact (15min).
Table 1 allowable concentration of toxic substances in the air of workplace
No Chinese name (CAS number), English name MAC TWA *STEL.
10. Benzene (leather) (7 1-43-2) Benzene (skin) -6 10
Third: GBZ68-2002 diagnostic criteria for occupational benzene poisoning.
Occupational acute benzene poisoning is a systemic disease mainly manifested by central nervous system inhibition caused by workers inhaling large doses of benzene vapor in a short period of time during occupational activities. Occupational chronic benzene poisoning refers to a systemic disease with hematopoietic system damage as the main manifestation caused by workers' long-term exposure to benzene vapor in occupational activities.
1 range
This standard specifies the diagnostic criteria, diagnostic writing format and treatment principles of occupational benzene poisoning.
This standard applies to the diagnosis and treatment of poisoning caused by exposure to benzene in occupational activities. This standard can be used for benzene poisoning caused by exposure to industrial toluene, xylene and other chemicals containing benzene. This standard can also be used for the diagnosis of benzene poisoning caused by exposure to benzene in non-professional activities.
2 diagnostic principles
The diagnosis of acute benzene poisoning is based on inhaling a large amount of high-concentration benzene vapor in a short time, and the clinical manifestations are conscious. Only by excluding the changes in the central nervous system caused by other diseases can acute benzene poisoning be diagnosed. According to the degree of consciousness disorder, it is divided into mild and severe.
The diagnosis of chronic benzene poisoning is based on the occupational history of long-term close contact with benzene. The main clinical manifestations are hematopoietic inhibition and abnormal proliferation. The diagnosis of chronic benzene poisoning can refer to the investigation of working environment and the measurement data of benzene concentration in the air on the spot, and make a comprehensive analysis to exclude the hemogram changes caused by other reasons. Chronic benzene poisoning is divided into three grades according to the series and degree of blood cell involvement and whether there is malignant transformation or not.
3 observation object
Workers exposed to benzene found one of the following changes in blood test, and those who did not improve every 1 ~ 2 weeks within 3 months and could not find other reasons could be listed as observation objects.
A) The fluctuation range of white blood cell count is 4×109 ~ 4.5×109/L (4000 ~ 4500/mm3);
B) The platelet count fluctuates between 60× 109 and 80×109/L (60,000-80,000/mm3);
C) The red blood cell count of male is lower than 4×1012/L (4 million /mm3) and that of female is lower than 3.5×10/2/L (3.5 million/mm3); The quantitative hemoglobin of male is lower than 120g/L( 12g/dL), and that of female is lower than110g/l (1g/dl).
D) The peripheral blood cell count increases, and naive or abnormal blood cells appear.
Fourth:
(1) health check, you can go to a medical and health institution (hospital). If any abnormality is found, go to the occupational disease diagnosis medical and health institution for examination. If there is no contact history with occupational hazards or no abnormality is found in health examination, the diagnosis institution may not accept it.
(2) According to the Administrative Measures for Diagnosis and Identification of Occupational Diseases No.24 of the Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China (implemented on May 1 2002):
Article 3 The diagnosis of occupational diseases shall be undertaken by medical and health institutions approved by the provincial health administrative department.
Article 10 Laborers may choose an occupational disease diagnosis institution in the place where the employing unit is located or where it lives to make a diagnosis. The term "domicile" as mentioned in these Measures refers to the habitual residence of workers.
Article 11 When applying for occupational disease diagnosis, it shall provide:
(1) professional history and past history;
(two) a copy of the occupational health monitoring file;
(three) the results of occupational health examination;
(4) Detection and evaluation of occupational hazards in workplaces over the years;
(five) other necessary related materials required by the diagnosis institution. The employing units and relevant institutions shall truthfully provide necessary information according to the requirements of diagnostic institutions.