On July 1 day, 2007, the National Standards Committee and the Ministry of Health jointly issued the mandatory national standard of Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-2006) and the national standard of 13 Hygienic Inspection for Drinking Water will be officially implemented. This is the first revision of the national standard for drinking water issued by 1985 since 2 1.
The revision of Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water is one of the important measures to ensure the safety of drinking water. Under the coordination of the National Standardization Administration Committee, led by the Ministry of Health, together with the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Water Resources and the State Environmental Protection Administration, experts from the departments of health, water supply, environmental protection, water conservancy and water conservancy participated in the revision of this standard. Requirements for water quality
First, the requirements for organic matter, microorganism and water disinfection have been strengthened, and the drinking water quality index in the new standard has increased from 35 in the original standard to 106, with an increase of 7 1. Among them, microbial indicators increased from 2 to 6; The disinfectant index of drinking water increased from 1 to 4; The number of inorganic compounds in toxicology index increased from 10 to 21; The toxicological index of organic compounds increased from 5 to 53; Sensory traits and general physical and chemical indexes increased from 15 to 20; The radioactivity index is still 2.
Unified the hygienic standard of drinking water in urban and rural areas.
The standard conforms to international standards.
The selection of new standard water quality items and index values fully considers the actual situation in China, and refers to the drinking water quality guidelines of the World Health Organization and the drinking water standards of the European Union, the United States, Russia and Japan.
In the Hygienic Standard for Drinking Water issued by 1985, the turbidity index of drinking water is "3-5", and the new standard will be raised to "1-3", that is to say, the most intuitive feeling is that the color of water will be clearer without many physical and chemical indexes that ordinary people can't understand.
In fact, turbidity is not just a sensory index. Low turbidity can expose bacteria and viruses in water, and disinfectants can effectively kill them. Making drinking water healthier is the core of the new standard. There are only 35 items in the old standard test, most of which are about inorganic pollutants, involving less organic pollutants and pesticides, and there are no indicators for detecting microorganisms such as microcystins, which is seriously incompatible with the situation that water pollution in China has greatly increased organic matter in water.
Among the 7 1 water quality indicators added in the new standard, the microbial indicators have been increased from 2 to 6, and the detection of Giardia, Cryptosporidium and other microorganisms that are easy to cause intestinal diseases such as abdominal pain and are difficult to be completely killed by general disinfection methods has been increased. The number of disinfectants for drinking water increased from 1 to 4, and the number of inorganic compounds in toxicology index increased from 10 to 22, which increased the detection of halogenated organic compounds such as dichloroacetic acid and microcystins in water. The number of organic compounds increased from 5 to 53, and the sensory properties and general physical and chemical indexes increased from 15 to 2 1. In addition, 8 of the 35 indexes in the original standard were revised. At the same time, in view of the negative impact of chlorination on water quality safety, the new standard reconsiders the impact of safe chlorination on water supply safety in water treatment technology and adds relevant testing items. The new standard is applicable to all kinds of domestic drinking water with centralized water supply, and also to domestic drinking water with decentralized water supply. 1 range
This standard specifies the hygiene requirements of drinking water quality, drinking water source quality, centralized water supply unit, secondary water supply, products related to drinking water hygiene and safety, water quality monitoring and water quality inspection method.
This standard is applicable to all kinds of drinking water with centralized water supply in urban and rural areas, and also to drinking water with decentralized water supply.
2 normative reference documents
The clauses in the following documents become the clauses of this standard by reference. All dated reference documents and all subsequent revisions (excluding errata) are not applicable to this standard. However, parties who have reached an agreement according to this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest versions of these documents can be used. For undated reference documents, the latest edition is applicable to this standard.
GB 3838 Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water
GB/T 5750 Standard Test Method for Drinking Water
GB/T 14848 groundwater quality standard
GB 1705 1 Hygienic Code for Secondary Water Supply Facilities
GB/T 172 18 Hygienic safety evaluation of chemical treatment agent for drinking water.
GB/T 172 19 safety evaluation standard for drinking water transmission and distribution equipment and protective materials.
CJ/T 206 Water Quality Standard for Urban Water Supply
SL 308 qualification standard for township water supply units
Hygienic standard for centralized water supply units of Ministry of Health
3 Terms and definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.
3. 1 drinking water
Drinking water for human life and domestic water.
3.2 Water supply mode
3.2. 1 Centralized water supply Centralized water supply
Centralized water intake from water sources is delivered to users or public water intake points through water distribution network, including self-built water supply facilities. Water supply stations that provide daily drinking water for users and quality water supply for public places and residential quarters also belong to centralized water supply.
2.2 Secondary water supply
Centralized water supply is re-stored, pressurized, disinfected or deeply treated before entering the house, and delivered to users through pipelines or containers.
3.2.3 Small centralized water supply in rural areas
Centralized water supply in rural areas with daily water supply 1000m3 or water supply population 1000.
3.2.4 Decentralized water supply and non-centralized water supply
Users get water directly from the water source without any facilities or only simple facilities.
3.3 Conventional indicators Conventional indicators
Water quality indicators that can reflect the basic situation of drinking water quality.
3.4 Unconventional indicators
Drinking water quality indicators are classified by region, time or special circumstances.
4 health requirements
4. 1 The quality of drinking water shall meet the following basic requirements to ensure the drinking safety of users.
4. 1. 1 Domestic drinking water shall not contain pathogenic microorganisms.
4. 1.2 Chemicals in drinking water shall not endanger human health.
4. 1.3 Radioactive substances in drinking water shall not endanger human health.
4. 1.4 The sensory characteristics of drinking water are good.
4. 1.5 drinking water should be disinfected.
4. 1.6 The drinking water quality shall meet the hygiene requirements in Table 1 and Table 3. The limit value of disinfectant in the factory water of centralized water supply, the residual amount of disinfectant in the factory water and the end water of pipe network shall meet the requirements in Table 2.
4. 1.7 The water quality of small-scale centralized water supply and decentralized water supply in rural areas is limited by conditions, and some indicators can be temporarily implemented according to Table 4, while others are still implemented according to Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3.
4. 1.8 When public emergencies affect the water quality, with the approval of the people's government at or above the municipal level, the sensory properties and general chemical indexes may be appropriately relaxed.
4. 1.9 When drinking water contains the indicators listed in Appendix A, Table A. 1, it can be evaluated with reference to the limit value of this table. Exponential limit
1, microbial index
①
Total coliforms (MPN/ 100mL or CFU/ 100mL) shall not be detected.
Thermostable coliforms (MPN/ 100mL or CFU/ 100mL) shall not be detected.
Escherichia coli (MPN/ 100mL or CFU/ 100mL) shall not be detected.
Total number of colonies (CFU/ ml) 100.
2. Toxicological indicators
Arsenic (mg/L) 0.0 1
Cadmium (mg/L) 0.005
Chromium (hexavalent, mg/L) 0.05
Lead (mg/L) 0.0 1
Mercury (mg/L) 0.00 1
Selenium (mg/L) 0.0 1
Cyanide (mg/L) 0.05
Fluoride (mg/L) 1.0
Nitrate (calculated as nitrogen, mg/L) 10
When the groundwater source is limited, it is 20.
Chloroform (mg/L) 0.06
Carbon tetrachloride (mg/L) 0.002
Bromate (mg/L when ozone is used) 0.0 1.
Formaldehyde (mg/L, mg/L when ozone is used) 0.9
Chlorite (mg/L when chlorine dioxide is used for disinfection) 0.7
Chlorate (mg/L when disinfected with compound chlorine dioxide) 0.7
3. Characters and chemical indicators
Chromaticity (platinum and cobalt chromaticity units) 15
Turbidity (NTU turbidity unit) 1
The technical conditions for water source and water purification are limited to 3
Smell and taste are no different from smell and odor.
You can't see anything with the naked eye.
PH (pH unit) is not less than 6.5 and not more than 8.5.
Aluminum (mg/L) 0.2
Iron (mg/L) 0.3
Manganese (mg/L) 0. 1
Copper (mg/L) 1.0
Zinc (mg/L) 1.0
Chloride (mg/L) 250
Sulfate (mg/L) 250
Total dissolved solids (mg/l) 1000
Total hardness (calculated as CaCO3, mg/L) 450
Oxygen consumption (CODMn method, calculated as O2, mg/L) 3
Limited water source, raw water oxygen consumption >; 5 at 6 mg/l
Volatile phenol (calculated as phenol, mg/L) 0.002
Anionic synthetic detergent (mg/L) 0.3
4. Guiding value
Total alpha radioactivity (Bq/L)0.5
Total beta radioactivity (Bq/L) 1
(1) MPN represents the most likely number; CFU stands for colony forming unit. When total coliforms are detected in water samples, further detection of coliforms or thermotolerant coliforms should be carried out. No total coliforms were detected in the water sample, so it is not necessary to detect coliforms or thermotolerant coliforms.
② If the radioactivity index exceeds the guidance value, radionuclide analysis and evaluation shall be conducted to determine whether it is drinkable. Name of disinfectant, contact time with water and factory water
Moderately restricted factory water use
Residual water at the end of dielectric residual pipe network
Chlorine and free chlorine preparation (free chlorine, mg/L) for at least 30min 4 ≥0.3 ≥0.05.
Monochloramine (total chlorine, mg/L) is at least120mm3 ≥ 0.5 ≥ 0.05.
Ozone (O3, mg/L) is at least12min0.3 0.02.
Such as chlorination,
Total chlorine ≥0.05
Chlorine dioxide (ClO2 _ 2, mg/L) is at least 0.8 ≥ 0.1≥ 0.02 for 30min.
Unconventional indicators and water quality limits
Appendix Table 3 Unconventional Water Quality Indicators and Limits
Exponential limit
1, microbial index
Giardia (one/10L)
Cryptosporidium (one/10L) < 1
2. Toxicological indicators
Antimony (mg/L) 0.005
Barium (mg/L) 0.7
Beryllium (mg/L) 0.002
Boron (mg/L) 0.5
Molybdenum (mg/L) 0.07
Nickel (mg/L) 0.02
Silver (mg/L) 0.05
Thallium (mg/L) 0.0005438+0
Cyanide chloride (calculated as CN-, mg/L) 0.07
Monochlorodibromomethane (mg/L) 0. 1
Dichlorobromomethane (mg/L) 0.06
Dichloroacetic acid (mg/L) 0.05
1, 2- dichloroethane (mg/l) 0.03
Dichloromethane (mg/L) 0.02
Trihalomethane (the sum of chloroform, monochlorodibromomethane, monochlorobromomethane and tribromomethane) The sum of the measured concentrations of various compounds in such compounds and their respective limits shall not exceed 1.
1. 1. 1- trichloroethane (mg/l) 2
Trichloroacetic acid (mg/L) 0. 1
Chloral (mg/l) 0.0 1
2,4,6-trichlorophenol (mg/L) 0.2
Tribromomethane (mg/L) 0. 1
Heptachlor (mg/L) 0.0004
Malathion (mg/L) 0.25
Pentachlorophenol (mg/L) 0.009
BHC (total, mg/L) 0.005
Hexachlorobenzene (mg/L) 0.00 1
Dimethoate (mg/L) 0.08
Parathion (mg/L) 0.003
Bentazone (mg/L) 0.3
Methyl parathion (mg/L) 0.02
Chlorothalonil (mg/L) 0.0 1
Carbofuran (mg/L) 0.007
Lindane (mg/L) 0.002
Chlorpyrifos (mg/L) 0.03
Glyphosate (mg/L) 0.7
Dichlorvos 0.00 1+0
Atrazine (mg/L) 0.002
Deltamethrin (mg/L) 0.02
2,4-drop (mg/L) 0.03
DDT 0.00 1+0
Ethylbenzene (mg/L) 0.3
Xylene (mg/L) 0.5
1. 1- dichloroethylene (mg/l) 0.03
1, 2- dichloroethylene (mg/l) 0.05
1, 2- dichlorobenzene (mg/l)
1, 4- dichlorobenzene (mg/l) 0.3
Trichloroethylene (mg/L) 0.07
Trichlorobenzene (total, mg/L) 0.02
Hexachlorobutadiene (mg/L) 0.0006
Acrylamide (mg/L) 0.0005
Tetrachloroethylene (mg/L) 0.04
Toluene (mg/L) 0.7
Di (2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (mg/L) 0.008
Epichlorohydrin (mg/L) 0.0004
Benzene (mg/L) 0.0 1
Styrene (mg/L) 0.02
Benzo (a) pyrene (mg/L) 0.0005438+0
Vinyl chloride (mg/L) 0.005
Chlorobenzene (mg/L) 0.3
Microcystin -LR (mg/L) 0.05438+0
3. Sensory traits and general chemical indexes
Ammonia nitrogen (calculated as nitrogen, mg/L) 0.5
Sulfide (mg/L) 0.02
Sodium (mg/l) is 200 1, and the total number of microbial colonies (CFU/ ml) is 500.
2. Toxicological indicators
Arsenic (mg/L) 0.05
Fluoride (mg/L) 1.2
Nitrate (nitrogen, mg/L) 20
3, chemical indicators
Chroma (Pt-Co Chroma Unit) 20
Turbidity (NTU turbidity unit) 3
The technical conditions for water source and water purification are limited to 5.
PH(pH unit) is not less than 6.5 and not more than 9.5.
Total dissolved solids (mg/l) 1500
Total hardness (calculated as CaCO3, mg/L) 550
Oxygen consumption (CODMn method, calculated as O2, mg/L) 5
Iron (mg/L) 0.5
Manganese (mg/L) 0.3
Chloride (mg/L) 300
Sulfate (mg/L) 300
5 Hygienic requirements for drinking water sources
5. 1 When surface water is used as drinking water source, it should meet the requirements of GB 3838.
5.2 When groundwater is used as drinking water source, it shall meet the requirements of GB/T 14848.
6 Hygienic requirements of centralized water supply units
6. 1 Hygienic requirements of centralized water supply units shall be implemented according to Hygienic Standards for Centralized Drinking Water Supply Units of the Ministry of Health.
7 Hygienic requirements for secondary water supply
The facilities and treatment requirements for secondary water supply shall comply with GB 1705 1.
8. Hygienic requirements for drinking water hygiene and safety products.
8. 1 Chemical treatment agents such as flocculation, coagulation aid, disinfection, oxidation, adsorption, pH adjustment, rust prevention and scale inhibition used in drinking water treatment should not pollute drinking water and should meet the requirements of GB/T 172 18.
8.2 Drinking water transmission and distribution equipment, protective materials and water treatment materials shall not pollute drinking water and shall meet the requirements of GB/T 172 19.
9 water quality monitoring
9. 1 Water quality testing of water supply units
Water quality testing of water supply units shall meet the following requirements.
9. 1. 1 The selection of unconventional water quality indicators of water supply units shall be determined by the local water supply administrative department at or above the county level through consultation with the health administrative department.
9. 1.2 The sampling point selection, inspection items, frequency and qualified rate calculation of urban centralized water supply unit water quality inspection shall be carried out according to CJ/T 206.
9. 1.3 The sampling point selection, inspection items, frequency and qualified rate calculation of township centralized water supply units shall be carried out according to SL 308.
9. 1.4 The water quality test results of water supply units shall be submitted to the local health administrative department regularly, and the contents and methods of submitting water quality test results shall be agreed by the local water supply administrative department and the health administrative department.
9. 1.5 When the drinking water quality is abnormal, it should be reported to the local water supply administrative department and the health administrative department in time.
9.2 Water quality hygiene supervision and monitoring
The water quality monitoring of health supervision shall meet the following requirements.
9.2. 1 Health administrative departments at all levels regularly supervise and monitor the water quality of various water supply units according to actual needs.
9.2.2 In case of public emergencies affecting water quality, the health administrative department at or above the county level shall determine the drinking water supervision and monitoring scheme according to the needs.
9.2.3 The scope, items and frequency of water quality monitoring of health supervision shall be determined by the local health administrative department at or above the municipal level.
10 water quality inspection method
Water quality inspection for drinking water shall be implemented according to GB/T 5750. (Information Appendix)
Table A. 1 drinking water quality reference index and limit value
Exponential limit
Enterococcus (CFU/ 100 ml) 0
Clostridium perfringens (CFU/ 100 ml) 0
Di (2- ethylhexyl adipate) 0.4 mg/L.
Dibromoethylene (mg/L) 0.00005
Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD, mg/L) 50000.00000001
Soil odor element 0.0005438+0 (dimethylnaphthol, mg/L)
Pentachloropropane (mg/L) 0.03
Bisphenol A (mg/L) 0.0 1
Acrylonitrile (mg/l) 0. 1
Acrylic acid (mg/L) 0.5
Acrolein (mg/L) 0. 1
Tetraethyl lead (mg/l) 0.000 1
Glutaraldehyde (mg/L) 0.07
Methyl iso-camphol -2 (mg/L) 0.0000 1
Oil (total, mg/L) 0.3
Asbestos (>: 10? Ten thousand cubic meters/liter) 700
Nitrite (mg/L) 1
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (total, mg/L) 0.002
Polychlorinated biphenyls (total, mg/L) 0.0005
Diethyl phthalate (mg/L) 0.3
Dibutyl phthalate (mg/L) 0.003
Naphthenic acid (mg/L) 1.0
Anisodine (mg/L) 0.05
Total organic carbon (TOC, mg/L) 5
Naphthol-? (mg/L) 0.4
Butyl xanthate (mg/L) 0.00 1
Ethyl mercuric chloride (mg/l) 0.000 1
Nitrobenzene (mg/L) 0.0 17
Radium 226 and Radium 228(pCi/L)5
Radon (pCi/L) 300