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Option one. Analysis of the Problems in School Mental Health Education
Mental health education is not a brand-new field of work in schools, and many schools have done a lot of work before. But on the whole, it has not attracted enough attention, the understanding of mental health education is not in place, the work form is single, the intensity is not strong, the intervention is not deep, the effect is not good, and there are many problems. Specifically, it is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
(A) mental health education has not yet formed * * * Schools focus on learning, especially in middle school. Under the background of comprehensive enrollment rate, the importance of mental health education only exists in a few more far-sighted senior school managers or direct implementers of mental health education. For most teachers, parents and even students, the fact that the number of left-behind children and family changes have led to a sharp increase in children's psychological problems has not been well understood, and mental health education has been ignored or even vilified. Pervert? 、? Crazy? Comparatively speaking, I am ashamed to talk about it, and even afraid of seeing a doctor. The comprehensive understanding of the importance of mental health education has not been formed, and the joint efforts have not converged, which has affected the popularization and promotion of the work.
(2) The mental health education team is weak. At present, most schools do not pay enough attention to mental health education, and there are no standardized mental health education institutions, no standard places and equipment, and even a lack of professional mental health counselors. The mental health education team chooses one or two teachers from other disciplines as part-time teachers. The number of staff is insufficient, and the level of specialization needs to be improved. It can't meet the complicated psychological intervention needs of students now, and even the basic psychological investigation can't be nuanced.
(3) The content of mental health education is biased. In practical work, many schools will carry out some mental health education, but the main concern is the huge psychological pressure brought by heavy study tasks and the psychological anxiety brought by poor academic performance. Work and activities are mainly devoted to solving study pressure, relieving anxiety and mood. It ignores the comprehensive education of students' willpower, parent-child relationship, interpersonal communication and respect for life, and also lacks the systematic planning of mental health education, which leads to students' lack of psychological endurance and the ability to resolve corresponding emotions in many aspects. When the storm struck, it was impossible to get out of the psychological shadow, and tragedy followed.
There are limitations in the promotion of mental health education.
At present, the school's mental health education is mainly confined to the campus, focusing on teachers' training and quality improvement, pointing to students, and rarely involving parents who are closely related to students. However, in reality, parents' improper family education methods, improper handling of parent-child relationship and bad family atmosphere have directly affected students' mental health, and many tragedies have occurred due to improper handling of parent-child relationship and family conflicts.
Second, measures to strengthen mental health education in schools
(A) to raise awareness and form a joint force
Thought determines action, and knowledge determines action. From the height of caring for life and ensuring the safety of students and schools, all schools should deeply reflect on the causes of students' suicide under the current epidemic situation, analyze the current situation of mental health education in schools, understand the extreme importance of mental health education, get rid of the concept of one-sided emphasis and pursuit of enrollment rate, and unify the concepts of teachers, students and parents of the whole school with a high sense of responsibility, make overall plans, launch in an all-round way, and make precise efforts to cultivate a sound personality? People? Come up, form a joint force of mental health education on the knowledge of * * * *, set up a mental health education institution, choose a good place, acquire good equipment, fully equip personnel, make a plan, start a full class, do a good job, build a good file, implement intervention, promote the in-depth development of mental health education in schools, and escort the healthy growth of students.
(2) Strengthen the team and lay a solid foundation.
Adhere to the concept of all-round education, establish the idea that everyone is a mental health educator, strengthen the training of mental health education team, start from the head teacher team, strengthen training, strengthen practical exercise, improve the ability and level of mental health education of the head teacher team, and then expand to all teachers, solve the problem of insufficient strength of mental health education team, and consolidate the foundation of mental health education in schools; It is necessary to establish a mutual aid group for mental health education, implement a psychological tutorial system, and divide students in each class into several groups. Each teacher is responsible for a group, paying attention to the growth of students, caring about their development, solving problems in time, and creating a sunny and positive growth environment.
(3) Broaden the scope and cover all aspects.
Adhering to the concept of holistic education, we should focus on the whole process of students' growth experience, comprehensively look at the problems faced by students in the process of growth, jump out of the narrow field of resolving learning pressure, and comprehensively strengthen the education and guidance of students from the perspectives of facing setbacks, facing difficulties, interpersonal communication, dealing with parent-child relations and family conflicts, adapting to the family environment, especially respecting life, and enhancing awe, so as to resolve the risks in their life growth and let them be born in the sun. It is imperative that all schools should further investigate students' thoughts and experiences, make scientific judgments, find out the base, form plans and implement interventions to help students spend it smoothly? Post-epidemic era? Winter.
(4) Expand the extension, fill in the shortcomings, adhere to the concept of "home-school", fully understand the key role of family education and family environment in the growth of students in view of the limitations of current mental health education, guide parents to treat their children's educational growth correctly, create a good family environment conducive to their growth, cultivate a pure family style, and teach children and parents by pushing materials, holding parent-teacher conferences, establishing a public welfare platform for family education, holding family education lectures, and holding parent training classes.
Scheme 2 2020 is an extraordinary year, and the epidemic situation of infectious diseases is fierce, sweeping across the country, and many primary and secondary schools postpone the start of school. Under the scientific leadership and deployment of the party and the state, the whole country is United to fight the epidemic. Now, with the effective control of the epidemic, all provinces in the country are returning to work in an orderly manner, and our school will also welcome the start of school.
In this special holiday, every student has to face not only the psychological impact brought by the serious epidemic, but also the challenge of online learning. How to strengthen the mental health education of primary and secondary school students and realize the psychology after resuming school? Reset? , is the primary task of all schools and every mental health teacher.
I. Organizational structure
Set up a leading group for school mental health education, with the principal as the leader and the vice president as the deputy leader. The school's full-time and part-time psychological teachers, managers and class teachers will participate in the formulation of the school's mental health work plan and clarify the division of labor and responsibilities.
After resuming school, a three-level prevention mechanism was established, which was carried out from three aspects: mental health education, psychological counseling and crisis intervention, and was systematically promoted.
Second, seize the opportunity to carry out life education counseling.
Without experiencing life and death, it is difficult to truly appreciate the preciousness and value of life. In this anti-epidemic war, countless medical staff, police, prevention and control personnel and volunteers risked their lives to fight in the front line and become the most beautiful? Retrograde? , vividly embodies the great national spirit and socialist core values, deeply touched the hearts of the people of the whole country, including all students. After such a national epidemic, students have a profound experience of life and death, which is a window to guide students to think and explore the meaning of life, and also a big classroom for young students to counsel the meaning of life. Through the mental health education on the meaning of life, guide primary and secondary school students to explore the essence of life, understand the value of life, cherish life, and fully show their love and potential for life.
Third, create a positive attitude and enhance the positive energy of epidemic prevention and anti-epidemic
The uncertainty of the rapid spread and development of infectious diseases has brought panic to primary and secondary school students. At present, the positive attitude of primary and secondary school students is of great significance to their own health and epidemic prevention and control.
On the one hand, a positive and peaceful attitude can improve your immunity and enhance your resistance to viruses. Research shows that emotional state can directly affect the immune system of human body, and depression and melancholy will lead to the decline of immune function. On the contrary, a positive and optimistic mental state will enhance the ability of the immune system. On the other hand, a positive attitude can make people vigilant, protect themselves consciously, block the spread of the virus, and jointly win the epidemic prevention and control war.
Actively creating a healthy and progressive campus cultural atmosphere and carrying out the theme class meeting of psychological adjustment activities with major epidemic crisis as a unit are conducive to cultivating students' positive attitude, improving their mental health literacy and enhancing the positive energy of epidemic prevention and anti-epidemic.
Fourth, the combination of individual counseling and group counseling.
During the anti-epidemic period, students are facing great pressure and challenges, and some students may have various psychological problems, such as nervousness, anxiety, fear, depression, loss of interest, hostility, inferiority and insomnia. Therefore, accurate analysis and personalized psychological counseling are urgently needed. It is necessary to provide targeted psychological counseling for different types of students, including individual counseling and group counseling.
Five, highlight the key points and carry out crisis intervention.
At the beginning of the resumption of classes, students' physical and mental conditions were fully understood through various channels such as class meeting activities, classroom observation, conversation and questionnaire survey. For students who have died of infectious diseases caused by relatives, individuals or relatives and have had close contact with confirmed or suspected patients, if they have excessive fear and anxiety, or have symptoms such as neurosis, transient psychotic disorder (BPDMS) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PSTD), crisis intervention should be carried out in time. Only early detection and early intervention can help students get rid of troubles quickly, overcome psychological obstacles and restore mental health.
For individual students with serious psychological barriers or other situations that need to be referred, they should be identified and referred to other professional psychological counseling institutions or medical psychological diagnosis and treatment departments in time, and a tracking feedback system should be established. Psychological counseling must follow professional ethics, be conducted on the basis of students' informed willingness, strictly follow the principle of confidentiality and protect students' privacy.
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