In the case of uncontrolled operation, equipment damage and natural disasters, ethylene oxide is in danger of leakage, fire and explosion.
I. Basic information
Chinese name: ethylene oxide alias: ethylene oxide
Molecular formula: C2H4O hazard code NO. : 2 1039
English name: EthyleneOxide ethylene oxide
Relative molecular weight: 44.05 unNo. : 1040.
Second, physical and chemical characteristics
Appearance: gas under normal conditions, colorless liquid below 10.4℃; Soluble in water and organic solvents; Flammable and toxic, the maximum allowable concentration in the air is 5mg/m3.
Melting point:-1 12.2℃, boiling point: 10.4℃,
Critical temperature: 195.8℃, critical pressure: 7. 19 MPa,
Saturated vapor pressure: 145.9 1kPa(20℃)
Relative density of liquid [water = 1]: 0.87 1.
Relative density of gas [air = 1]: 1.52, flash point: 17.8℃
Maximum explosion pressure: 0.970MPa, combustion heat: 1262.8KJ/mol.
Minimum ignition energy: 0.065mJ ignition point: 42℃
Explosion limit: 3.0%~ 100%. It can be mixed with air to form an explosive mixture, which is in danger of burning and explosion in case of sparks, high temperature and lightning.
Three. Hazard characteristics:
(1) Hazard category: 2. 1 combustible gas.
(2) Invasion route: inhalation, percutaneous absorption, ingestion and eye contact.
(3) Health hazards: central nervous system inhibitors, irritants and protoplasm poisons. Acute poisoning: the patient has severe pulsating headache, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, tears, choking cough, chest tightness and dyspnea; In severe cases, muscle tremors, speech disorders, ataxia, sweating, unconsciousness and even coma. You can also see myocardial damage and abnormal liver function. Temporary mental disorder, delayed functional aphonia and central hemiplegia may occur after rescue and recovery. Skin contact can quickly lead to redness and swelling, and blisters will appear after a few hours. Repeated contact can cause allergies. Liquid splashing into eyes can cause corneal burns. Chronic effects: neurasthenia syndrome and autonomic nerve dysfunction can be seen in a small amount of long-term contact.
(4) Environmental hazards: harmful to the environment.
(5) Explosion hazard: This product is flammable, toxic, carcinogenic, irritating and allergic.
Fourth, protective measures.
Respiratory system protection: when the concentration in the air exceeds the standard, wear a self-priming filter gas mask (full face mask). Wear air respirator for emergency rescue or evacuation.
Eye protection: Wear protective glasses during normal operation and inspection.
Physical protection: wear anti-static work clothes.
Hand protection: with rubber gloves
Other protection: Smoking is strictly prohibited in the workplace. Take a shower and change clothes after work, and pay attention to personal hygiene.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) first aid measures
(1) Skin contact: Take off contaminated clothes quickly and discard them. If it spills onto the skin, volatilize the ethylene oxide before washing with water. Rinse with plenty of water or a strong shower for at least 20 minutes and seek medical advice. If it comes into contact with liquefied gas, heat the frozen part again with room temperature water.
(2) Eye contact: Do not rub your eyes to close them, gently lift your eyelids and rinse immediately, and continue to rinse with plenty of room temperature water for at least 15 minutes. If there is pain and irritation, please consult an ophthalmologist immediately.
(3) Inhalation: leave the site quickly and go to a place with fresh air. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. If you have difficulty breathing, give oxygen. If breathing stops, give artificial respiration immediately. When breathing and heartbeat stop, artificial respiration and chest compressions should be performed immediately. Don't give anything to people who are unconscious or convulsed with your mouth. Contact poison control center. Do not induce vomiting, you can consider using activated carbon laxatives for treatment. Immediately after the first aid, he was sent to the hospital for treatment.
Six, fire control measures
(1) Hazard characteristics: Its vapor can form various explosive mixtures with air. Danger of burning and explosion in case of heat source and open flame. In case of high heat, it can decompose violently, causing container rupture or explosion accident. Contact with alkali metals, hydroxides or highly active catalysts, such as anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin and aluminum and oxides of iron and aluminum, will release a lot of heat and may lead to explosion. Its vapor is heavier than air, and it can spread to a considerable distance at a lower place, and it will catch fire when it meets a fire source.
(2) Harmful combustion products: carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
(3) Fire extinguishing method and extinguishing agent: cut off the gas source. If the gas source cannot be cut off, it is not allowed to extinguish the flame at the leak. Spray a lot of water to cool the container, dilute and absorb toxic and flammable gases, and if possible, move the container from the fire to an open place. Extinguishing agent: atomized water, insoluble foam, dry powder and carbon dioxide.
(4) Precautions and measures for fire fighting: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA), and all masks work under pressurization or positive pressure. Wear protective glasses and rubber overalls (including gloves). If it is possible to cut off the gas source, if it cannot be cut off immediately, do not extinguish the combustion gas. Spray a lot of water to cool the container, dilute and absorb toxic and flammable gases. Sewage shall not be discharged into sewers and drains, and dikes or pits shall not be built to contain a large amount of wastewater generated.
Seven, emergency treatment of leakage
Emergency action: evacuate the personnel in the leaked contaminated area to upwind, immediately isolate 150m, strictly restrict access and cut off the fire source. Emergency personnel should wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and anti-static work clothes. Cut off the leakage source as much as possible. Cover the sewer and other places near the leakage point with plastic sheets to prevent gas from entering. Reasonable ventilation and accelerated diffusion. Spray a lot of misty water to dilute and dissolve. Build a dike or dig a pit to contain a large amount of wastewater.
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