1. Chemical hazard. At present, there are hundreds of chemicals used in electronic industry, which have different hazards to human body. The main invasion routes are skin infiltration and respiratory inhalation. Electronic factories often use some toxic and harmful solvents as cleaning agents, such as washing water, the main component of which is trichloroethylene. Trichloroethylene can damage liver function, and its symptoms are similar to hepatitis. Some patients with trichloroethylene poisoning were misdiagnosed as liver disease, failed to prescribe the right medicine, and even died. Tianna water is also commonly used, generally containing benzene and toluene. Benzene is a highly toxic chemical with strong carcinogenicity. Patients with chronic benzene poisoning often suffer from aplastic anemia, including leukemia and toluene, and can also cause acute or chronic poisoning. In addition to solvents, all kinds of heavy metals are also very harmful to human body, and because heavy metals accumulate in human body, they are not easy to be discharged, which will affect health for a long time, even for life. In electronic factories, most of these heavy metals (compounds) exist in the form of dust or smoke, and long-term inhalation by workers will cause poisoning or excessive chemicals in the body.
2. Radiation. The common ionizing radiation in electronic industry includes X-ray (commonly used for making circuit boards and detecting circuit errors) and radioisotope (commonly used for detecting whether there is air in sealed parts). The consequences of exposure to excessive ionizing radiation include: cancer, abortion, congenital malformation, premature aging and anemia. Common non-ionizing radiation includes: radio waves (often generated in the process of plasticizing, bonding, welding, curing epoxy resin, etc. ), microwave, infrared, ultraviolet, laser, etc. Among them, microwave, ultraviolet and laser are the most dangerous non-ionizing radiation. Medical research shows that workers exposed to excessive microwave can cause heart, thyroid and nervous system problems.
3. Noise and other harmful factors The noise of electronic factories mainly comes from metal mashers, cutting instruments, polishing and packaging machines. Loud or harsh noise can make people nervous and even lead to permanent deafness. In addition, the effects of high temperature, dust, psychological pressure of assembly line operation, visual fatigue of ultramicro industry and persistent bad operating posture on workers' health can not be ignored.
Preventive measures The main points of preventing occupational hazards in electronic factories include: strengthening ventilation and detoxification, noise reduction, sound insulation and shielding in the workplace; Use protective equipment such as gas masks, gloves, glasses and earplugs; When acute occupational hazards occur, emergency rescue and control measures should be taken immediately.