Canine distemper is a highly contagious disease caused by canine distemper virus. It mainly occurs in puppies, and its clinical manifestations are relapsing fever, respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal inflammation and nervous system symptoms.
The incubation period of canine distemper is 3 ~ 6 days (the longest is 17 ~ 2 1 day), and the course of disease lasts about one month. The mortality rate of this disease is 30% ~ 80%, and the mortality rate is higher in secondary infection (often mixed with canine infectious hepatitis). The incidence rate is related to age: 20% in 2 months (puppies born of immunized bitches can get passive colostrum immunity), 70% in 2 ~ 12 months, and the incidence rate decreases in 5 ~ 10 years. Rehabilitation dogs can get lifelong immunity after illness. It mainly occurs in winter and spring and is popular every three years.
【 Symptoms 】 Early symptoms mainly include cold symptoms and enteritis symptoms. Sneezing, runny nose, cough, fever (body temperature rises above 40℃, and quickly drops to normal temperature after 2 days), eating less, and having slight diarrhea. After 2 ~ 4 days of treatment, the symptoms were basically eliminated and the food intake returned to normal, but the eating speed was slow, the spirit was poor, the nose was inactive and the nose was dry. 7 ~ 14 days turned into intermediate symptoms. The second temperature rise (above 40℃, the effect of any antipyretic is not significant, which can last for 7 ~ 12 days), loss of appetite, serous nasal discharge, "dry cough" (actually cough), accelerated breathing, chest-abdominal breathing, bulbar conjunctiva flushing, eyelid redness, wetness or erosion. Late normal body temperature or mild fever (body temperature 38.5 ~ 39.5℃), cough, purulent nose, eyelid erosion, eyes half closed, eyes smaller, emaciated, lazy to lie flat. Eat less, be picky about food or hunger strike, defecate. There are also characteristic symptoms such as toe pad thickening, skin papules (red papules the size of rice grains appear on the skin of lower abdomen and inner thigh in some cases) and nervous system symptoms. There are four kinds of neurological symptoms: 1. Opening and closing of the mouth, or rhythmic shaking of the muscles of the corners of the mouth and the top of the head or one leg, two legs or four legs; 2. Blind movement; 3. Epilepsy, spastic intermittent attacks, involuntary continuous "smacking", foaming at the mouth or blood in saliva, incontinence, excitement after convulsions, blind running, and finally general weakness, lying down and resting; 4. Paralysis of hind limbs or even paralysis.
[Diagnosis] The early symptoms of the disease are cold, and mixed infection often exists in the middle stage, which complicates the clinical symptoms and makes the diagnosis difficult. Therefore, we must make use of comprehensive judgments such as symptom diagnosis, epidemiological investigation, hematological examination (the total white blood cell count decreased to 7× 109/L in the early stage and increased in the middle and late stage), canine distemper test paper examination, drug diagnosis, etc., and we must pay attention to the differential diagnosis with a cold.
The rapid diagnosis method of canine distemper test paper is the fastest and most accurate method to diagnose canine distemper at present. Take a little gum, snot, saliva, urine or blood with a sterile cotton swab, put it into a sample tube filled with diluent, fully stir and mix, take the supernatant with a straw, drop 4 drops into the sample hole of the test paper, and wait for 5 ~ 15 minutes to observe the results. If there is only one red line at C, it is not canine distemper. If c and t have two red lines, it is canine distemper.
The only way to prevent this disease is to inject vaccine. There are many varieties of domestic and imported seedlings with uneven quality and high and low prices. Consult a veterinarian or a senior person about how to vaccinate. No matter whether it is domestic vaccine or imported vaccine, its immune effect is not ideal. Even for vaccinated dogs, it is particularly important to strengthen feeding management, pay attention to cleanliness, strictly implement epidemic prevention system and avoid contact with sick dogs. The disinfectant is 3% caustic soda, 3% formaldehyde, 5% carbolic acid and 0.2% peracetic acid.
【 Treatment 】 Although there are no specific treatment methods and drugs for canine distemper, it is effective to find the disease early and take the following comprehensive treatment measures.
Specific treatments such as canine distemper monoclonal antibody, canine distemper univalent serum, canine distemper bivalent serum, pentavalent serum (5ml for small dogs, 0/0 ~ 20ml for large dogs, intramuscular injection once a day for 3 ~ 5 days) and canine globulin have good curative effects.
Support therapy: fresh immunized dog plasma (25 ~ 50ml), immunoglobulin (2ml for small dogs, 4~6ml for large dogs, twice a day for 3 ~ 5 days), dog serum albumin (5ml/ day below 5kg, 5 ~ 10kg 100 ~ 250ml/ day).
Aware can test herself without drawing blood. I wish your cat health!
Antiviral drugs for symptomatic treatment: poly-myocyte (0.5 ~ 1 mg for small dogs, 0 ~ 2 mg for large dogs, intramuscular injection for 3 ~ 5 days), ribavirin (50mg for small dogs, 0/00 mg for large dogs, intramuscular injection for 2 times for 3 days) and acyclovir (3 days). Control of secondary infection: ampicillin, amoxicillin and cephalosporin can all be selected. Control suppurative conjunctivitis: After washing eyes with 2% boric acid solution, apply chloramphenicol, hydrocortisone and rifampicin eye drops. Adjust the heart rhythm: for patients with arrhythmia, use Shengmai needle 2 ~ 4 ml, inosine needle 50 ~ 100 mg, VB 120.5 ~ 1 mg for intramuscular injection twice a day for 3 ~ 5 days. Cough relieving and expectorant: Cough is quick and good, small dogs 10mg, 20mg for big dogs; Gancao tablets, small dogs 1 tablet, large dogs 2 ~ 3 tablets. Antiepileptic: phenytoin sodium 2 ~ 6 mg/kg orally, 2 ~ 3 times a day, or phenobarbital sodium 8 ~ 10 mg/kg orally, 2 ~ 3 times a day. For cases with obvious symptoms of enteritis and severe vomiting, Ringer's solution 30 ~ 50ml/kg body weight, 10% calcium gluconate 5 ~ 10ml and VB6 50 ~ 100mg can be mixed intravenously.
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