Health management of enterprise employees. Necessity of implementing health management for employees in enterprises.
Since the 20th century, with the rapid development of science and technology and the obvious improvement of the quality of life, coupled with the alliance of medicine and public health, human beings are now healthier and live longer than ever before. After a long and healthy life, we hope that medical miracles will make us healthier and live longer; Hope for free medical care; I hope that no matter how much it costs, even if it is only a little useful; I want the best doctor and the best care. However, medical miracles are not easy to occur, and breakthroughs in new medical technologies are often costly; Therefore, the growing demand for medical health has led to a sharp increase in medical expenses. At the same time, due to the deterioration of the special work and professional environment and the general environment, various psychological and mental diseases caused by excessive psychological pressure are increasing day by day, and the proportion of sub-healthy people is rising. The double burden of aging, acute infectious diseases and chronic diseases makes everyone under the threat of diseases. On the other hand, the investigation on the health promotion of employees in Chinese enterprises found that the occupational health status of enterprises is not optimistic, and the overall awareness rate of employees' occupational health knowledge is low; Occupational health promotion lacks perfect unified management and unified planning; Employees' cultural level and overall health status are low, their health concept is not strong, and their awareness of self-protection is weak; The health education and health promotion of enterprise employees are unbalanced, and the ways of health education and health promotion are backward. Will this meet? How to manage the health of employees and prevent diseases at an early stage? Such an important topic is placed in front of medical workers in enterprises.
At present, due to the implementation of the medical insurance policy, the staff hospitals of most domestic enterprises have been transformed or cancelled. In the past, the central task of enterprise medical institutions was to treat sick employees, but now it has been transferred to designated hospitals for medical insurance, so the central task of enterprise medical institutions should be transferred to the health management of all employees.
Second, the enterprise employee health management model
1. Personal health information management of enterprise employees.
Establish personal health records of employees based on health examination. The occurrence of various diseases has certain reasons and laws, which are determined by congenital genetic factors and influenced by acquired behavior and lifestyle. Health management services can collect and manage personal health records of employees in enterprises in the form of software, provide personal health information for health and disease risk assessment, tracking and health behavior guidance, and provide secure network information management, including standard information management format, friendly and interactive client management interface, permanent personal electronic medical records and health management accounts.
2. Employee's personal health and chronic disease risk assessment.
When collecting personal health information, the disease risk assessment model established according to the above information and laws can be analyzed and calculated, which can accurately and effectively evaluate the health status of the assessed. Healthy? 、? Sub-health? High risk? And then what? What's wrong with you? ) and the risk degree, development trend and related risk factors of chronic diseases in the next few years, so that employees can accurately understand their own health status and potential hidden dangers, actively participate in their own health management and take actions to improve their health status. In particular, the occurrence and development of some chronic diseases are slow, and there are no obvious diagnosable symptoms in the early stage, so it is difficult for doctors to propose, and individuals are often unable to take preventive measures on their own initiative, which often leads to the continuous aggravation of the disease. Therefore, the most important thing for health preservation is to prevent the occurrence of diseases, not to treat them.
3. Personal health plan for enterprise employees.
Once the distribution of chronic disease risk and disease risk factors of individuals is clear, what is the risk for? Healthy? Personal and health management services will provide various relevant suggestions to further maintain a healthy lifestyle; For what? Sub-health? High risk? And then what? What's wrong with you? Personal health management services can provide personalized health guidance for different risk factors through personal health improvement action plans and guidelines. Because everyone has different combinations of risk factors, the personal health plan will screen out personal health management prescriptions according to their own risk factors, so that everyone can take corresponding measures more effectively to help individuals improve their unhealthy lifestyles and reduce risk factors, so as to effectively control diseases and improve their health. In addition, health management can also summarize and evaluate the group health information, give a group health management information report, and provide reference information for enterprises on the health needs of the population.
Third, enterprise employee health management strategy
1, lifestyle management.
It mainly focuses on the health risks that healthy individuals' lifestyles and behaviors may bring, and these behaviors and risks will affect their medical needs. Lifestyle management should help individuals make the best healthy behavior choices to reduce health risk factors. Lifestyle management uses behavior modeling methods that are beneficial to health or prevention to promote individuals to establish healthy lifestyles and habits, so as to reduce health risk factors. The results of lifestyle management projects depend largely on the actions taken by the participants. Therefore, it is necessary to mobilize individuals' sense of responsibility for their own health. Lifestyle management prevents diseases and injuries by taking actions to reduce health risks and promote healthy behaviors. Lifestyle management strategies can be the basic components of various health management. The effect of lifestyle management depends on how to use behavior intervention technology to stimulate the healthy behavior of individuals and groups. The four main intervention technical measures to promote healthy behavior change are education, motivation, training and marketing.
2. Demand management.
Based on the crowd, help healthy consumers maintain their health, seek suitable medical care, control health consumption expenditure, and improve the utilization rate of medical care services. Demand management attempts to reduce people's use of health care services, which are clinically considered necessary, expensive and unnecessary. Demand management uses telephone, internet and other remote patient management methods to guide individuals to correctly use various medical and health care services to meet their own health needs.
3. Disease management.
Focus on a specific disease, such as diabetes, and provide related medical care services for patients. The goal is to establish a system to implement medical care intervention and interpersonal communication, and emphasize the importance of patients' self-care. The system can support good doctor-patient relationship and medical care plan. Disease management emphasizes the use of evidence-based medicine to guide and improve personal ability and prevent the disease from getting worse. Disease management regards improving patients' health as the basic standard to evaluate the clinical, social and economic effects of the actions taken.
4. Management of catastrophic diseases and injuries.
Providing various medical services for patients suffering from catastrophic injuries (such as cancer) and their families requires highly specialized disease management to solve relatively rare and expensive problems. Catastrophic injury management can reduce costs and improve results by helping to coordinate medical activities and manage multi-dimensional treatment plans. Comprehensive utilization of the health education of patients and their families, the choice of patients' self-care and the management of multidisciplinary teams can make patients with complex medical needs achieve the best results in clinical, financial and psychological aspects.
5. Disability management.
This paper attempts to reduce the frequency and cost of workplace disability accidents, and deal with them separately according to the degree of disability from the perspective of employers, so as to minimize the decline of labor and living ability caused by disability. The specific objectives of disability management are:
(1) Prevent the deterioration of disability;
(2) Pay attention to the recovery of disabled people's functional ability, not just the relief of patients' pain;
(3) Setting expectations for the actual rehabilitation and re-employment of the disabled;
(4) explain in detail the limitations and feasible matters of the disabled's future actions;
(5) Assessing the influence of medical and psychosocial factors on the disabled;
(6) Help disabled people communicate effectively with their employers;
(7) When necessary, consider the rehabilitation of the disabled.
6. Integrated population health management.
By coordinating different health management strategies, we can provide individuals with more comprehensive health and welfare management. These strategies are formulated with people's health needs as the center and are targeted.