When people's emotions are in a state of anxiety or depression, people's thinking is often illogical, resulting in negative emotions or abnormal behaviors. This is depression, which will cause eight kinds of psychological cognitive errors:
(1) go to extremes. This phenomenon is manifested as going to extremes, either one or the other, either white or black. This kind of people will feel that they have completely failed when they encounter setbacks, and then feel that they are worthless and lose confidence.
(2) Formula. Think that things will happen again and again as long as they happen once. When you encounter difficulties and misfortunes in your life, you think they will recur.
(3) color changer. Some people always think of the negative side, just like wearing a pair of color mirrors to see things, filtering out all the light, and the whole world looks bleak.
(4) hypochondriacs. Some people make much ado about nothing and worry that they will get seriously ill all day. When things happen, they tend to judge themselves, be suspicious and worry too much.
(5) Loss of motivation. This is a kind of artificial emotional disorder, which regards sincere praise of others as flattery, fantasy of normal interpersonal relationship, self-pity or unfounded cynicism, which leads to the original relaxed mood becoming nervous.
(6) Absurd inference. Some people attach too much importance to general shortcomings, deficiencies, setbacks and difficulties, and seem to have made irreparable mistakes. In life, we always exaggerate our shortcomings and underestimate our strengths.
(7) negative. Some people take their bad feelings as evidence of facts, such as: "I feel guilty, so I must have done something bad" and "I feel powerless, so I must be an imbecile". Especially when you are depressed, this kind of sensory reasoning is particularly active.
(8) Inferiority. Some people always take the initiative to take the responsibility of others and jump to conclusions, thinking that all bad results are caused by their own mistakes and incompetence. This deformed sense of inferiority and guilt comes from the deformation of personality and excessive sense of responsibility and obligation.
The above misconceptions have caused many people to fall into depression and cannot extricate themselves.
Second, the misunderstanding of depression
1. Depression is depression.
In fact, depression is not just depression. In a depressed state, people's thinking will undergo many negative changes, for example, thinking will become narrower, and attention to self-feeling will change from external to internal, mostly negative and unhappy. It is also possible that cognitive distortion will turn what was originally perceived as happiness into anxiety. In addition, there will be obstacles in communication and I feel great pressure. Even after accepting the help of others, I will feel particularly incompetent.
Depression belongs to the category of schizophrenia, and it is an emotional disorder, which can be well recovered after treatment. Often there is no obvious external cause. Normal people are occasionally in a bad mood because their thinking mode is normal. For example, they will feel happy after watching a comedy, but if they are depressed, they will not feel happy. Therefore, it is very important to keep a positive way of thinking in life.
2. Depression is like a "cold"
If you really suffer from depression that meets the clinical diagnosis criteria, it is very dangerous and usually suicidal, so it can't be compared with a cold. At present, most people are susceptible to depression, or are considered as "depression virus carriers", and some symptoms of depression will appear. In the same environment, people with depression virus are more than twice as likely to suffer from depression as others.
3. Depression only needs psychological counseling.
This is a misunderstanding. When people are depressed, they have obstacles in language communication, are slow in thinking, often can't express themselves, and it's hard to hear what others say. Psychological counseling is usually ineffective at this time. Only through drug treatment can they recover to a certain extent, can they do psychotherapy again. Therefore, if you are just in a bad mood, you can go to psychological counseling. However, if you have recently suffered from mental trauma and severe depression for more than a month, you need to go to the hospital psychiatric department or the hospital psychology department for treatment.
Some people worry that medication will have side effects. In fact, antidepressant drug reactions are not common. People feel a lot of physical discomfort when they are depressed. After taking the medicine, with the relief of depression, physical discomfort will gradually improve.
People with poor psychological endurance are prone to depression.
The occurrence of depression can not be judged by psychological endurance alone, and stress will have an impact on people's body and mind. A perfectionist, if the pressure reaches a certain level and suffers from depression, will evade responsibility and lower his demands on himself. At this time, if he can get help and care, although depressed, his body is temporarily safe, which is an unconscious way of decompression. If this decompression method does not get positive response from the surrounding, it will have serious consequences such as despair and even suicide.
People with high IQ are good at finding patterns, but once they fail, they will have serious frustration and are more prone to depression.
Third, the treatment of depression
Depression is not uncommon in eastern society, especially in China, where people are introverted and often reluctant to reveal their true thoughts. They would rather suffer from depression than see a psychiatrist. In this way, people can step into the ranks of depressed patients from depression, and some people will eventually commit suicide.
1. Diagnostic criteria of depression
(1) lose interest in daily activities and have no sense of pleasure;
(2) The energy is obviously decreased, and there is no reason for continuous fatigue;
(3) mental retardation or agitation;
(4) Self-evaluation is too low, or self-blame, or guilt, which can reach the level of delusion;
(5) It is difficult to associate, or the ability of conscious thinking is obviously reduced;
(6) Repeated thoughts of wanting to die or suicidal behavior;
(7) Insomnia, early awakening or excessive sleep;
(8) Loss of appetite or obvious weight loss;
(9) Sexual desire decreased significantly.
2. Ways to eliminate depression
To eliminate depression, besides medication, we can also adopt a cognitive psychotherapy method advocated by psychiatrist Dr. Allen Baker, that is, let depressed patients adjust their mood, gradually improve their mood and make their lives happy again.
If people with depression want to eliminate their depression, they should first stop complaining about themselves and the world around them, and make it clear that their cognitive mistakes come from thinking about problems based on feelings. Because feelings are not equal to facts. Whenever you are anxious and depressed, remember the following five key steps:
(1) Write down those born negative thoughts so that they don't occupy your brain.
(2) Cognitive distortion mode to find out how you misinterpret the facts. You must hit the nail on the head.
(3) Replace distorted cognition with a more objective view, and completely refute the fallacies that make you look down on yourself and get yourself into trouble. Once you start these steps, you will feel refreshed, your self-esteem will increase and your sense of worthlessness will disappear.
(4) Making a feasible daily activity list and filling in a retrospective analysis diary at the end of each day can not only help you get rid of the situation of being unwilling to do activities and things, but also bring you satisfaction after the activities and gradually eliminate laziness and guilt.
(5) Learn to praise yourself, appreciate yourself, calmly treat bad stimuli, and maintain emotional stability and a good mood.
It is not easy to correct the illogical way of thinking and change the phenomenon of cognitive errors, but once you can make an objective analysis of the things around you, you will have a correct understanding of real life. Then, you will be in a world full of positive emotions and feel suddenly enlightened. Although there will still be disappointments in life, it will not cause emotional contusion and lose the pursuit of beautiful artistic conception in life because of temporary cognitive deviation.