1. An analysis of the main psychological problems faced by military cadets in China at present?
(1) Problems in learning. As a cadet in a military school, we should not only realize the role transformation from middle school students to college students, but also realize the transformation from an ordinary person to a soldier. Military cadets should not only learn professional knowledge, but also spend a lot of time on strict military training. Therefore, some students have negative and even contradictory emotions because of inaccurate role positioning and untimely change. Mainly manifested in: lack of motivation in learning. First of all, students are not interested in learning, and some students are not actively involved in professional learning, indifferent and bored, and lack enthusiasm for knowledge exploration. Secondly, due to the interference of external factors, students are in poor mental state, inattentive and inattentive in class; The study of professional knowledge is not solid, let alone the review and consolidation after class, and the mastery of knowledge is only a little knowledge. ?
(2) adaptability. Nowadays, military students have their special backgrounds, and they are basically "post-90s". They have poor independent living ability, poor adaptability, weak communication ability, lack of collective consciousness and service consciousness, and lack of courage to actively participate in practice. In addition, cadets come from all over the country, different regions and different democratic countries, and their values, hobbies and living habits are very different, so it is difficult to integrate in a short time. ?
Military cadets are in adolescence and come to a diversified environment. They also want to be understood by others. However, in the closed military academy, the rules and disciplines of students' daily life are very strict, which leads to narrow life circle, limited communication and less frequency and opportunities of contact with the outside world. This can easily lead students to close their spiritual doors and isolate their hearts from the outside world. When they are eager for others to understand themselves, they are unwilling to take the initiative to understand and contact others. In the long run, they will not be able to adapt to the new life and environment, find their own life circle, and eventually have negative emotions such as world-weariness and depression. ?
(3) Problems in life. Military school students are just adults, and they don't know much about the university lifestyle and military school environment, and they lack life experience. First of all, life is stressful. The militarized management mode is the first consideration for an ordinary high school student to enter a military school. Many affairs are obviously political, and the quality and speed of tasks are extremely strict. The student has never faced pressure. With the deepening of China's military reform, the requirements for the comprehensive quality of military students are getting higher and higher. Therefore, in the training process, it is necessary to increase the difficulty and improve the assessment standards. At the same time, as a student, I have to face the problems of job choice and further education, which is undoubtedly more stressful than my peers. Secondly, emotional problems are more serious. For college students, everyone is eager to have a beautiful love. This is a normal emotional need. Love, marriage and family are all forms of human life. Military academy is a special environment, not only in management style, but more importantly, the gender ratio of students is unbalanced. This can't meet the emotional needs of the students. In addition, there are some problems in military cadets' love, such as complex motivation, tortuous process and negative prospect, which leads to the characteristics of recessive love and low success rate. ?
Second, the countermeasures to improve the psychological quality of military cadets?
(1) Establish a people-oriented teaching management system in military schools to eliminate students' psychological obstacles in learning. In order to improve the psychological quality of military cadets, we must first establish a people-oriented military academy teaching management system and eliminate the psychological obstacles of cadets. We should pay more attention to the humanistic care for military cadets, care about their difficulties and problems in life, study and military training on the basis of high-intensity military training, properly solve them, and enhance their sense of belonging. It is necessary to formulate a quantitative evaluation system for learning, select a group of learning pacesetters, and enhance the radiation-driven role of students around us. We should take handling the contradiction between study and military training as the primary task, pay more attention to the coordination between study and military training, and reverse the situation that military schools despise study. On the basis of strengthening students' military training, we should help students make a scientific study plan, set up a study supervision group, check the study progress regularly, effectively improve students' military and cultural quality, enhance their self-confidence, and lay a solid foundation for training a group of military talents with high comprehensive quality. ?
(2) Strengthen the adaptability training of cadets. To improve the psychological quality of military cadets, the key is to strengthen the adaptability training of military cadets. On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen students' psychological training, that is, to create scientific setbacks and emergency scenarios, so as to promote students' adaptability to various events in psychological training, such as exploring the establishment of psychological training bases, opening "five rooms" and "two bars", and helping students improve their adaptability through sitcoms, collective psychological training, scientific venting and other activities, thus enhancing their psychological adaptability. On the other hand, strengthen the training of students' adaptability to strange environment, that is, lead students to strange environment and exercise their exploration and innovation ability. Through training in unfamiliar environment, students' communication ability and team consciousness can be enhanced, and students can be guided to take reasonable measures to eliminate psychological obstacles brought by unfamiliar environment, thus promoting their ability to handle things calmly. ?
(3) Establish a systematic and complete psychological service system for cadets. In order to improve the psychological quality of military cadets, it is very important to establish a systematic and complete psychological service system for military cadets. We should take psychological service as the top priority, promote the combination of psychological service with teaching and military training, and select a group of "double-qualified" teachers who know both military knowledge and psychological knowledge to enrich the existing team. Pay attention to the systematic construction of psychological services, improve the psychological evaluation mechanism, improve the psychological teaching system, and form a strong mental health service synergy through activities such as combining classroom with amateur, group consultation and one-on-one combination. Establish a unified psychological service website, set up effective columns such as psychological problem treatment and mental health knowledge, and provide effective psychological health consultation for students. It is necessary to build a platform for students to release pressure, open up classrooms, networks and mobile terminals, and provide students with all-round psychological services to help them get out of their psychological predicament as soon as possible and become qualified military talents with mental health. ?
Solving the psychological problems of military cadets is of great significance for improving the psychological quality of military cadets and cultivating compound military talents. We must start with the reform of teaching management system, the cultivation of students' adaptability and the improvement of psychological service system to explore effective ways to solve students' psychological problems and effectively improve their mental health level. ?
Reference materials?
[1], Sun Tuan, Gong. On the ways to cultivate the psychological quality of military cadets [J]. Off-campus education in China, 20 12(6).
[2] Lu Feng. The main psychological problems of current military cadets and countermeasures [J]. Science and Technology Information, 2009(3).