Flax is the earliest natural plant fiber used by human beings and has a wide range of sources. It can be planted not only in many areas of China, but also in many foreign countries. Colombia is the largest producer of flax in the world, and it is also cultivated in Argentina, the United States, Canada and other countries.
France is the largest source country of tradable flax raw materials in the world. Flax is a kind of pure natural fiber, which originated in Europe. The total trade volume of flax raw materials exported by France accounts for more than two-thirds of the global raw materials. Belgium, the Netherlands, Egypt and Eastern Europe also export flax raw materials, but France has the highest proportion.
Flax originated in the Near East and the Mediterranean coast. As early as the Neolithic Age more than 5,000 years ago, Swiss lake dwellers and ancient Egyptians. Flax has been planted, its fiber is used to spin clothes, and "mummies" all over Egypt are also covered with flax.
Flax likes a cool and humid climate. Linen fiber has the characteristics of strong tensile force, softness, good fineness, weak conductivity, fast water absorption and dispersion, large expansion rate, etc., and can be used to spin high count yarn and make high-grade clothing.
Three kinds of flax
1, optical fiber
The plant height is 60- 120cm, the stem is thin and erect, with few branches at the base and few branches at the upper part. The inflorescence is small, the number of capsules per plant is small, the seeds are small, the 1000-grain weight is 3.8-4.5g, and the protrusion length (from the cotyledon scar to the first branch) is the longest.
The growth period is 70-80 days. Long sunshine usually ripens in 70-80 days. Ya Shuang No.5, No.7, No.8, Heiya No.3 and 1 1 are drought-resistant varieties, and the cannabis yield is about 10%. The world varieties include Ariana, Enona and Ailongna, which are not as drought-resistant as domestic varieties, but the hemp yield is higher than domestic varieties, generally around 16.7%.
2. Oils
The plant height is 30-60 cm, the stem is stout, with many branches at the base of the stem and many branches at the top. The inflorescence is large, and there are many capsules per plant. There are two kinds of seeds, with a weight of 3-5g and a weight of 8- 10g. The growth period is 90- 120 days.
The sunshine is short, and the growing period is 80- 100 days. This kind of flaxseed contains 32-48% oil, which is twice as high as that of soybean, and can be used to produce paints, inks, coatings, edible oils, etc. The seed cake contains 23-33% protein, which can be used as good feed.
3, oil and fiber dual-use
This type has poor specificity, can produce both hemp and oil, and is not suitable for planting. The plant height is 50- 1750px, and the stem diameter and height are between fiber flax and oil flax. There are few branches at the base of the stem and many branches at the top, and each plant has a large number of capsules. The growth period is 85- 1 10 days. The varieties are Yanza 10 and Jinya 2.
The above contents refer to Baidu Encyclopedia-Flax