1. Color:
Normal semen is gray or milky white.
Pale yellow can be seen in the elderly during the interval of ejaculation.
Brown-red is found in seminal vesiculitis, seminal vesicle tumor, prostatitis, and occasionally urinary calculi.
Smell: Special fishy smell, similar to carob or chestnut flower.
2. Liquefaction:
The semen just injected is thick and jelly-like, and it will liquefy and become a thin liquid after about 3-30 minutes.
Non-coagulation of semen is seen in congenital absence of bilateral vas deferens with absence of seminal vesicle.
Semen that does not liquefy for more than 30 minutes is found in patients with prostate and seminal vesicle diseases.
The increase of semen viscosity is seen in the abnormal secretion of prostatic liquefaction enzyme system.
3. Sperm volume:
Normal 2-6ml, average 3ml, less than 1ml or more than 8ml are abnormal.
Decreased fluid volume is seen in prostate and seminal vesicle lesions or reverse ejaculation.
PH value: Normal pH value is 7.0-7.8.
When semen is acidic, sperm activity and metabolic level decrease.
When semen is alkaline, sperm motility increases, but when semen is too alkaline, sperm motility decreases.
Abnormal performance
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1, too much sperm and too little sperm.
2, blood essence: semen mixed with blood, severe semen can be seen by the naked eye, called "naked eye blood essence."
3. Semen does not liquefy: Generally, normal semen is a liquid that flows evenly. If the separated semen is still not liquefied or still contains liquefied aggregates at room temperature (22-25 degrees Celsius) for 60 minutes, it is called "semen is not liquefied", which will affect the agglutination or braking of sperm and slow down or inhibit the normal movement of sperm.
4. Oligozoospermia and oligozoospermia: Generally, a normal semen contains 20-20 million sperm /ml, less than 20 million sperm /ml is oligozoospermia, and more than 300 million sperm /ml is oligozoospermia.
5. azoospermia: azoospermia is defined as azoospermia in which no sperm is found in three semen tests. Azoospermia can be divided into two types: congenital azoospermia and obstructive azoospermia. The former refers to the atrophy and degeneration of testicular spermatogenic cells, which can not produce sperm; The latter means that the testis can produce sperm, but the vas deferens is blocked and cannot discharge sperm.
6, semen yellowing: when men suffer from prostatitis and seminal vesiculitis, semen can be yellow. If the semen is yellow, it is probably caused by diseases in the genital area. The causes of semen yellowing can be divided into physiological reasons and pathological reasons. Generally speaking, physiological semen yellowing is only temporary, because abstinence lasts for a long time, and the color will turn yellow due to changes in physical and chemical properties, which is a normal physiological phenomenon. But the yellowing of semen is mostly caused by pathological reasons. If the semen is yellow, it is not excluded that it is caused by inflammation. Clinically, prostatitis and seminal vesiculitis often coexist. Inflammation itself can not only reduce the synthesis and secretion of enzymes, but also the pathological process of inflammation can destroy and inactivate secreted enzymes, resulting in the semen not being liquefied, and the semen becoming yellow and sticky.
7. Sperm malformation: Abnormal sperm in semen exceeds 20%, including abnormal head, body and tail, or mixed head and body malformation.
8. Sperm agglutination: Due to the existence of sperm antibodies, sperm agglutination itself is caused. Sperm agglutination test and post-coital test show that sperm agglutination is sperm agglutination, which should be distinguished from seminal vesicle liquefaction.
9. azoospermia: The survival rate of sperm in semen is reduced. More than 40% of dead sperm are found to be azoospermia, also known as azoospermia.
Abnormal sperm and semen will inevitably greatly affect male fertility. According to relevant data, male infertility caused by abnormal sperm and semen accounts for more than 40% of infertile patients.
The importance of protection
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At present, the decline of male sperm quality is very serious, but people do not pay attention to it. The reason for this is that the news of the shortage of sperm sources in domestic sperm banks has frequently appeared in newspapers recently. One of the reasons is that the sperm quality of sperm donors is unqualified.
In order to prevent possible problems and embarrassment, it is best for men to change their lifestyles and protect their sperm from now on. But in fact, many men don't realize this. This problem has been very serious, but people have not noticed it. Nowadays, many men like smoking, drinking and sauna, and their mobile phones are hung around their waists. I don't know that the electromagnetic wave of mobile phone is more harmful to sperm than X-ray.
Experts suggest that men should start from the little things in life and protect their sperm. For example, wear shorts with pads when riding a bike, and choose a bike with good shock absorption function; Put your mobile phone in your pocket; Keep a distance of not less than 70cm from the computer screen and not less than 120cm from the back and side of the computer when operating the computer daily; Don't put your laptop on your lap; No tights or anything. Hope to adopt ~
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