Full text translation of the poem "Tian Xian Zi" (Zhang Xian)

Heavenly Fairy Zhang Xian Series: Ancient poems about describing the moon. Heavenly Fairy "Shui Tiao" is listened to several times with wine, and I wake up from drunkenness in the afternoon and am still worried. When will you send Chunchun back? Facing the evening mirror, it hurts the scenery, and the past events are empty and empty in the later period. It is dark on the sand and on the pond, the clouds break through and the moon comes to make shadows on the flowers. Heavy curtains cover the lights, the wind is unstable, people are still at first, and the path will be filled with red sunsets tomorrow. Notes 1 Jiahe Xiaogu (cui): Jiahe, the name of the county in the Song Dynasty, namely Xiuzhou, now Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province. Xiaoguo: that is, the little adjutant. This refers to the judge. Zhang Xian was the judge of Jiahe at this time. 2. "Shui Tiao": The name of the tune. According to legend, Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty composed this tune "Shui Tiao Song" when he was digging the Bianhe River. It was called "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" in the Tang Dynasty. 3. Looking in the evening mirror: looking at oneself in the mirror and feeling sad about aging. 4. Flow scene: A scene that disappears like flowing water. Du Mu's poem: "Self-inflicted wounds come to the mirror late, who can cherish the passing years." 5 Past events: past joy, future expectations. Late period: looking forward to the future. Kong Ji Sheng (xǐng): left in memory in vain. Note: memory , missing. Province: wake up, understand. 6. Birds in pairs. Ming: take a nap with eyes closed. 8. Flowers play with their figures in the moonlight. . This is a description of the personification of flowers. 9. Luohong: Falling flowers. I woke up after drinking wine at noon, but the sorrow in my heart was not gone. Spring has come, when will spring come back? Looking at myself in the mirror at night, I regret that my youth is like a fleeting time. I remember the past very clearly, but later it was just like clouds of smoke. The mandarin ducks that stayed on the beach have been blown away by the wind. Under the drifting clouds, the flowers are solitary and self-pitying under the moonlight. Layers of curtains cover the light. The wind is still blowing, but the voices of people are gradually quieting down. Tomorrow the path will be filled with petals. Appreciation of the first three lines of the film: The author wanted to relieve his sorrow by listening to music and drinking. However, after drinking wine and listening to a few lines of music at home, not only did he not feel relieved, but he became even more upset after having a few glasses of wine. Then he fell asleep. When he woke up, it was already past noon. Although the drunkenness had disappeared, the sadness had not diminished. Feng Yansi's "Magpie Stepping on the Branches" said: "Last night's music was easy to play, and being so drunk made me feel infinitely sad." He also wrote "Extreme joy." There is a lot of sadness, and when you are young and strong, you can't help but feel old." The leisurely sorrow. It's just that Feng was in the middle of the night, and after the dance and singing ended, he wrote about his desolate feelings for the next day, while Zhang Xian thought that he might be even more depressed after the singing and dancing, so he didn't even go to the banquet. This brings out the next sentence: "How long will it take for Chun Chun to come back?" It should be pointed out that the two words "spring" before and after this sentence have different meanings. The previous word "spring" refers to the season and the good times; while the following word "spring" not only refers to the passing of time, but also contains the recollection and regret of the romantic events in youth. This is closely related to the sentence below "The past events are empty in the later period". The fourth and fifth sentences use Du Mu's poem: "When I feel sad in the morning mirror, who can cherish the fleeting time?" The change of "late" to "xiao" is mainly based on realism. Xiao Du writes about a woman getting up in the morning to put on her make-up, lamenting the passing of time, using the word "xiao"; while the author of this poem was drunk in the afternoon, and lay down tiredly for a long time. It was almost dusk, and he still couldn't relieve his worries while lying there. Then he got up and went to the evening mirror. This "late" is not only late in the day, but also implicitly refers to late in old age. Here, only the word "late" is used to supplement the meaning of "old age" through the three words "hurt the scenery". "Yuyou" is a "post-production" work that is currently on hiatus. Judging from the meaning of the word, "Youyou" is ethereal while "Later" is substantial. The former has its own expressiveness. However, although the word "late period" seems too naive, it is more closely integrated with the words "sorrow" and "suffering" mentioned above. "Later" has two meanings. The first level is to say that the past has become the past, so the word "empty" is used. Another meaning is that an opportunity has been lost or an opportunity has been missed. Sweet past events will cause people to feel infinite regret after many years, while sad past events will increase the burden on people's thoughts as soon as they are remembered. In this "past incident", because I missed the opportunity, I delayed a pre-arranged appointment. This makes me deeply regret it, and as time goes by, the impression of the past has not faded away, and I can only seek it from my own "memory". But after seeking it, it does not bring comfort, but only adds more troubles. So he couldn't even drink and listen to music to relieve his sorrow, and even if there was a grand banquet in the house, he didn't want to attend it. This ending makes the mood of self-pity and loneliness particularly melancholy and touching, but it is not revealed on the surface. What is written in the upper part of the poem is the author's ideological activity, which is static and quite plain.

In the second film, the lyricist writes dynamically and expresses his emotions in the scene, which is full of ethereal beauty. The author didn't go to the government gathering, so he went for a walk in the small garden at dusk to relieve the depression that had been lingering in his heart since before noon. The sky quickly darkened, and waterfowl slept on the beach beside the pond. Night gradually enveloped the earth. There was supposed to be a moon this night, but unexpectedly the night sky was filled with clouds and there was no moonlight. Since it was already dark, let's go back. Just at this time, the wind started blowing, and suddenly the clouds opened and the moon came out, and the flowers were blown by the wind, and they actually danced and made shadows under the moonlight. This injects temporary relief into the author's lonely feelings. This sentence has become a famous sentence that has been passed down through the ages. Wang Guowei commented in "Human Words": "The clouds break through the moon and the flowers make shadows; with the word "Nong", the realm is completely revealed." This authoritative comment is mainly because In terms of his skill in choosing words and sentences, in fact, the beauty of this sentence is not only the skill of refining the words and sentences, but also the twists and turns that the poet actually tasted the exuberant spring breeze at the end of the day after a whole day of sadness and depression. Complex moods are conveyed to Ququ through vivid and charming images, allowing readers to share a little joy and infinite beauty. Just as Shen Jifei's "Yu Zheng Collection of Cottage Poems" said: "The heart and the scenery meet, the writing is what it is, and the meaning is not, so it should be praised." And Yang Shen's "Ci Pin" said: "The scenery is like a painting, and the painting cannot be like this. , Absolutely defeated!" In the last few sentences, the author first writes "heavy curtains cover the lights" and then "the wind is unstable". This is not to accommodate the rules of the lyrics. It just shows that the author experiences things very carefully. There is wind outside but the curtains are not closed. , the lamp would naturally be blown out, so when the author entered the room, he quickly drew the curtain to tightly cover the flame of the lamp. But the wind got stronger, and even though the curtains were tightly covered, the lamp flames still swayed. This "uncertainty" included the scene in which the lamp flames were "uncertain." The sentence "people are quiet at first" means that due to the silence of the night, the wind on the spring night becomes more and more fierce. Linked to the title of "not going to the government meeting", the "people are quiet" here by the author probably refers to the singing and dancing scenes in the government at this time. Let's break up; combined with the last sentence, we can see the author's deep affection for cherishing spring, recalling the past, and cherishing others. Good times don't last forever. The brilliant purples and reds that were still shadowing under the moon just now will probably fly down the path in the garden after this ruthless spring breeze. The concluding sentence is rich in connotation. It contains both the melancholy of the passing of spring, the melancholy of lamenting one's old age, and the secret joy of enjoying the spring. The main reason why this word is famous all over the world is because it is good at refining words. It is through "flowers and shadows" that the author opens up the realm of beauty and makes the whole poem shine.