There is a certain amount of water in the body, and the imbalance between intake and excretion will cause dehydration.
Causes: diarrhea, vomiting, fever, sweating, decreased drinking water, etc.
Symptoms: dry lips, dry skin, decreased urination times and urine volume, decreased blood pressure and accelerated pulse.
Speed, temperature rise, etc.
Nursing points
Life.
2, fever ... the body temperature is higher than normal.
The hypothalamus of telencephalon is responsible for regulating body temperature.
Etiology: infectious diseases, inflammation, dehydration, etc.
Symptoms: high fever, red face, listlessness, loss of appetite, etc.
Nursing points
? Replenish water.
? Take your temperature.
? Sometimes it is difficult to find the symptoms of fever in the elderly.
? Other symptoms should also be observed.
3. Constipation ... a state in which feces accumulate in the large intestine for a long time.
The food you eat usually turns into feces and is excreted after about 24-72 hours.
Causes: Intestinal function decreased, muscle strength decreased and defecation resistance increased.
Symptoms: loss of appetite, abdominal pain, vomiting, etc.
Nursing points
? Take dietary fiber and exercise moderately.
? Get into the habit of sitting on the toilet seat after meals.
? Massage along the direction of intestinal peristalsis.
4, edema (edema) ... organ function decline and muscle strength decline, resulting in poor blood circulation, excess body fluids accumulated in the body.
Causes: lower limb muscle strength decreased, heart and kidney function decreased, malnutrition in the elderly, long-term care.
Keep your seat, etc.
Symptoms: weight gain, etc.
Nursing points
? Observe the location and degree of edema.
? Paralysis patients are prone to edema.
? Exercise moderately and raise your lower limbs.
? When edema is caused by disease, you should be treated.
5, itchy (itchy) ... itchy skin.
Causes: aging leads to dry skin, changes in temperature and humidity, and types of clothes.
Symptoms: skin redness, rash, irritability, etc.
Nursing points
6. insomnia ... not sleepy, difficult to fall asleep, wake up halfway.
Reasons: changes in sleep content, etc.
Symptoms: irritability, fatigue, fatigue, etc.
Nursing points
? Adjust the pace of life.
? Get up in the sun.
? Moderate exercise
? Avoid long naps during the day.
? Adjust the indoor environment.
? If it interferes with your life, you should cooperate with the medical staff.
7. Hypertension ... The state of hypertension.
Causes: heart and kidney diseases, changes of blood vessels with age, diet and exercise.
Habits, etc.
Symptoms: headache, palpitation, etc.
Nursing points
? Improve living habits. Don't eat too much when eating, reduce salt intake, etc. Moderate exercise
? Treatment methods include diet therapy, exercise therapy and drug therapy.
? Persistent high blood pressure can lead to arteriosclerosis. Atherosclerosis leads to cerebrovascular disease and heart disease.
Reason.
Kangkang nursing focuses on the care of the elderly and is a health station for the elderly!
refer to
Japan Association of Nursing Experts. Nursing professional skill evaluation exam [M] .20 19: 7 1.