1, blood lipid test: Its purpose is to check whether there is hyperlipidemia. Therefore, after entering middle age, the annual blood lipid examination of 1 can not be ignored.
2. Anti-cancer examination: The older you are, the greater the possibility of exposure to carcinogens and the greater the possibility of cancer.
3, fundus examination: many diseases can be found in time through fundus examination, such as observing whether the retinal artery is hardened, you can know the degree of systemic arteriosclerosis to cerebral arteriosclerosis. Middle-aged people should have their eyes examined 1 time every year. It is necessary to have a fundus examination for those with blurred vision accompanied by headache and diabetes.
4. Detection of alpha-fetoprotein: The accuracy of detecting alpha-fetoprotein in diagnosing early primary liver cancer is 80% ~ 90%. Primary liver cancer is more common in middle-aged people, so 1 metafetoprotein should be detected every year after 40 years old. Those who are currently suffering from hepatitis B or have ever suffered from hepatitis B should be tested 1 time every six months.
5. Breast examination: Breast diseases are serious diseases that endanger women's health. Therefore, women should pay attention to breast examination in regular physical examination, and middle-aged women are no exception. Breast examination can screen breast hyperplasia, breast nodules, breast cancer and so on. It is helpful for early prevention, timely detection and timely treatment.
6. Gynecological examination: Gynecological examination is an item that cannot be ignored in women's examination, especially middle-aged female friends. Among middle-aged women, gynecological diseases are high-incidence diseases. Therefore, regular gynecological examination can help middle-aged female friends to screen various gynecological diseases in time and maintain their health.
7. Bone mineral density examination: Osteoporosis is one of the high-incidence diseases of middle-aged women. Generally, bone loss begins at the age of 30, and the body's ability to absorb calcium, the main component of bones, gradually weakens. When the fracture occurred, more than 65,438+0/3 bones had been lost. Therefore, middle-aged women should pay attention to bone mineral density examination, understand their own bone condition, master their own fracture risk coefficient, and take preventive and therapeutic measures in time.
8. Blood pressure measurement: This is an item that must be checked. Blood pressure 1 time a year after the age of 40, hypertension is easy to be found, which is conducive to early treatment and nip in the bud.
The purpose of female physical examination is to prevent and treat some gynecological diseases early. Because many gynecological diseases are asymptomatic, female physical examination is relatively important. So what are the female medical examination items?
General routine examination (height, weight, blood pressure).
Internal medicine, ophthalmology (including fundus), gynecology, otolaryngology examination, doctor evaluation.
Blood lipid analysis: total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein.
Gout test: uric acid.
Predictive tumor markers: AFP, CEA and EBV-IgA.
Leucorrhea routine, cervical smear liquid-based cytology (LBP).
Electrocardiogram 12 lead.
B-ultrasound of black and white abdomen (liver, gallbladder and spleen, both kidneys), B-ultrasound of uterus and appendix, B-ultrasound of breast.
Chest x-ray.
25 routine blood tests: white blood cell count and classification, red blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets, etc.
Extended data
Matters needing attention
1. Before taking venous blood, patients should fast for 12~ 14 hours to avoid the influence of eating on blood lipid concentration, especially on triglycerides. Drinking plenty of water will dilute the blood and affect the number of cells in the blood; Drinking drinks or eating can also change the blood sugar concentration in the blood.
2. Because erythrocyte sedimentation rate and erythrocyte measurement are influenced by women's menstrual period, it is best to avoid menstrual period in physical examination.
3. When selecting blood samples, patients with hypertension and coronary heart disease can take drugs with a small amount of boiling water before taking blood. Some people worry that drugs will affect the results of physical examination. In fact, these drugs have little effect on blood samples and generally do not affect the judgment of results.
4. For diabetic patients, long-term fasting, water deprivation, physical activity and fatigue can cause hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. Therefore, it is best for diabetic patients to be accompanied during physical examination, and try to keep quiet, reduce activities and draw blood as soon as possible.
5. Items that need to be checked on an empty stomach should bring digestible food, such as chocolate, milk and biscuits. In case of palpitation, shortness of breath, cold sweat and other symptoms, eat the above food immediately to ensure safety. After a meal, when taking blood samples, you can explain the situation to the blood-drawing personnel and make a good mark to facilitate the analysis of the results.
6. After completing the prescribed fasting examination, you can eat and take medicine immediately according to your daily habits. Take the medicine after dinner and then do other tests.
7. Don't wear complicated clothes during physical examination, which is convenient to put on and take off. Women should not wear dresses, stockings and pantyhose, and men should not wear ties. Turtleneck pullovers, tight-sleeved tops and tight pants are not suitable for wearing, so as not to bring unnecessary trouble.
8, pay attention to keep blood pressure stable. Walking into the physical examination station with a normal heart will have less influence on blood pressure, electrocardiogram and other items. Just because there is no abnormality in the physical examination does not mean that there is no underlying disease at all. If you have symptoms of the disease, you should seek medical advice in time.
9. Ladies pay special attention: Don't put on makeup. If you have anemia, but you put lipstick on your lips, it is easy for doctors to misdiagnose it. If you are pregnant or may be pregnant, please inform the medical staff in advance, and don't do X-rays and cervical smears. Gynecological examination or intracavitary gynecological B-ultrasound examination is limited to those who are married or have sex. Please don't have urine test or cervical smear test during menstruation, and then make up the test after menstruation.
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