About 2.6 million people die of cardiovascular diseases every year in China, with an average of 12 seconds. There are about 2 million new stroke patients in China every year, two thirds of whom are dead or disabled, and the total number of stroke patients is about 7 million. Many people around us have died of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, so it is possible to stage a tragedy around us.
Dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Because the occurrence, development and death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are closely related to dyslipidemia. Blood lipids mainly include total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C).
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are related to age, gender and family history of coronary heart disease, and these factors cannot be changed. More importantly, it is related to risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking, obesity and lack of exercise. Among them, dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors. These factors can be completely controlled by lifestyle changes and medication.
A study in the United States shows that 90% of people with total cholesterol higher than 300 mg/dl can suffer from coronary heart disease. A study in the Asia-Pacific region shows that every increase in total cholesterol 1 mmol/L will increase ischemic stroke by 25%.
How does dyslipidemia lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases?
Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, which is what we usually call "bad" cholesterol, can be deposited on the arterial wall to form plaques. There are two kinds of plaques: stable plaques and unstable plaques. Stable plaque "thick skin and small stuffing" is not easy to rupture, which narrows or slowly blocks blood vessels, leading to coronary heart disease (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction) and stroke (cerebral thrombosis); Unstable plaque is "thin skin and big stuffing", which is easy to rupture and form thrombus, which can suddenly block blood vessels, causing risks such as acute myocardial infarction, sudden death and cerebral embolism.
How to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases?
First of all, pay attention to prevention. In order to prevent the onset, various risk factors should be comprehensively controlled before the onset. For people who already have coronary heart disease and stroke, it is necessary to prevent events such as acute myocardial infarction, sudden death and recurrence of stroke.
Secondly, pay attention to lipid-lowering treatment, especially for patients with high-risk cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Hypolipidemic therapy can reduce the "bad cholesterol" in the blood, so the "bad cholesterol" deposited on the arterial wall is also reduced accordingly, thus preventing the formation of plaques, thus reducing the occurrence of coronary heart disease and stroke caused by stable plaques. Hypolipidemic therapy can also stabilize unstable plaque and reduce the risk of plaque rupture, thus preventing the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction, sudden death and acute stroke. Studies have shown that every decrease in cholesterol 1% can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by 2%.
How to reduce blood fat?
First, actively communicate with doctors to understand their normal blood lipid levels.
2. Reasonable selection of hypolipidemic drugs, such as statins, fibrates, nicotinic acids, resins and cholesterol absorption inhibitors, can reduce cholesterol and control the level of blood lipids.
3. Long-term administration of lipid-lowering foods and their products, such as buckwheat, mulberry leaves and their fermented products, can reduce blood lipid and cholesterol, soften blood vessels, and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and arteriosclerosis.
The fourth is to control blood lipids for a long time, and the cholesterol level should reach the standard.
What is the appropriate level to lower cholesterol?
This should be determined according to the comprehensive risk factors of cardiovascular disease. 0 ~ 1 risk factors, reduced to TC