The evaluation of diabetes generally includes physical examination, laboratory examination, complication examination, etc.
1, physical examination
Diabetes patients usually have high blood sugar and lose weight, so it is necessary to have a preliminary physical examination, such as checking the patient's temperature, pulse, breathing and blood pressure.
First of all, we should pay attention to measuring fasting blood glucose and blood pressure to assess whether there is a critical situation. Fasting blood sugar is greater than or equal to 16.7 or less than or equal to 3.9, systolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to 180 or diastolic blood pressure is greater than or equal to10, consciousness and behavior change, breathing smells like rotten apple acetone, palpitations and sweating, but there are some digestive symptoms and deep breathing.
2. Laboratory inspection
Laboratory tests generally include blood routine, urine routine, liver and kidney function, glycosylated hemoglobin, etc. Blood routine can show whether there is platelet increase or decrease, abnormal liver and kidney function, etc. Urine routine can show whether urine sugar is positive or not, and liver and kidney function mainly depends on blood creatinine, urea nitrogen and other values.
Glycosylated hemoglobin can reflect the average blood sugar in the last 2~3 months. Diabetes patients usually have elevated glycated hemoglobin if their blood sugar is not well controlled.
3. Complications check
Complications usually include fundus examination, electrocardiogram examination and nervous system examination. Fundus examination can check whether diabetic patients have retinopathy, and electrocardiogram examination can check whether diabetic patients have heart damage. Neurological examination can show whether diabetic patients have neuropathy.
In addition, doctors should also evaluate the symptoms, lifestyle and past medical history of diabetic patients. At the same time, patients should strictly control their diet and avoid eating foods with high sugar content, such as candy and cakes. It can be treated with drugs such as insulin and metformin hydrochloride sustained-release tablets under the guidance of a doctor.
The evaluation content is not static, and the specialist will make corresponding adjustments according to the actual situation of the patient. The treatment of diabetes should also pay attention to individualization. Everyone's condition is different, and the treatment plan is different. Don't blindly follow the trend and adjust the treatment plan without authorization. In a word, besides blood sugar, there are other metabolic indexes and complications in the evaluation of diabetes.