What are the basic materials of oil painting ah as the question Thank you!

Materials and Tools A painting in which transparent vegetable oils are mixed with pigments to create an artistic image on materials such as cloth, paper, and wood panels on which a base has been made. It originated and developed in Europe, and has become an important type of painting worldwide in modern times. Before the 15th century, tempera painting was the predecessor of oil painting. In the use of tempera painting method at the same time, many painters continue to look for a more ideal harmonizer. It is generally recognized that the Netherlandish painters of the early 15th century, the Van Eyck brothers, were the founders of the oil painting technique. On the basis of the previous attempts to dissolve pigments in oil, they used linseed oil and walnut oil as a blending agent for painting, resulting in smooth strokes when depicting, moderate drying time of the pigments on the screen, easy to cover the process of painting many times with modifications to form a rich color hierarchy and gloss, and strong adhesion of the pigments after drying, which is not easy to flake and fade. Their use of new oil painting materials was very influential in the painting world at that time. The oil painting technique was soon spread in other countries in Western Europe, especially in Venice, Italy, where it developed rapidly. The main materials and tools of oil painting include pigments, brushes, knives, canvas, varnish, and frames. Pigments are divided into two categories: mineral and chemical synthesis. The initial pigments are mostly mineral pigments, which are ground into fine powder by hand, and then blended and epistaxis when painting. In recent times, they are produced in batches by factories and put into tin tubes, and the variety of pigments is constantly increasing. The performance of pigments is related to the chemical composition they contain, and when mixing colors, the chemical action will cause some pigments to react with each other adversely. Therefore, mastering the performance of pigments will help you to give full play to your oil painting skills and make the colors of your works last long. ② brushes, made of moderately flexible animal hair, with pointed round, flat flat, short flat and fan-shaped and other types. ③ knife, also known as palette knife, made of flexible thin steel, pointed, rounded points, used to mix the pigments on the palette, many painters also use the knife instead of the brush, directly use the knife to paint or part of the formation of pigment levels on the canvas, texture, to increase the expressive power. ④ Canvas, standard canvas, is the linen or canvas taut on the wooden inner frame, with glue or oil and white powder mixed and painted on the surface of the cloth made. Generally made into a non-absorbent and have a certain cloth effect of the bottom, or according to the needs of the creation of semi-absorbent or completely absorbent bottom. The thickness of the cloth pattern depends on the size of the painting, and is also chosen according to the needs of the painting effect. Some painters use the primed canvas, which is easy to form a uniform picture tone, and the primer can also be revealed inadvertently when painting. After priming, non-oil-absorbent wood or cardboard can also be used as a substitute for canvas. ⑤ Varnish, usually after the oil painting is finished and dry, cover with varnish to maintain the gloss of the picture and prevent air erosion and dirt accumulation. (6) Frame, a complete oil painting includes a frame, especially for oil paintings with strong realism. The frame forms the boundary of the viewer's field of vision of the work, making the picture appear complete and concentrated, and the objects in the painting develop in depth in the viewer's senses. The thickness and size of the frame depends on the content of the work. The frames of classical oil paintings are mostly made of wood and plaster, while the frames of modern oil paintings are more often made of aluminum alloy and other metal materials. Oil Painting Technique The limitation of oil painting tools and materials leads to the complexity of oil painting technique. Over the centuries, artists have created a variety of oil painting techniques in practice, so that the oil painting materials to play a full expression of the effect. ① Transparent color overlay method ② Opaque color overlay method, also known as multi-layer coloring method. ③ Opaque one-time coloring method, also known as direct coloring method. Oil-based materials The main type of painting that uses oil-based materials and natural resins as painting mediums is oil painting, which evolved from traditional emulsion-based materials such as egg tempera and stuffed egg white. Oil-based materials are characterized by their slow drying, glossy finish, and the ability to be covered with thick coats of paint over and over again. Oil-based materials have strong expressive power and rich technical effects, and can be said to embrace the technical characteristics of almost all other materials and painting types. The characteristics of oil-based materials allow for in-depth and subtle portrayal of the object's shape, and can show the object's rich and realistic color relationships, thus meeting the desire of people to reproduce the visual reality since the 14th century, and promoting the development of Western painting to the process of realism. After the birth of oil painting, oil paintings have dominated the Western painting scene and have been developed all over the world, which also proves the superiority of oil-based materials. The transition from water-based materials to oil-based materials is a long process of change, almost thousands of years, is a major breakthrough in painting material techniques and even in the history of art. The use of oil and resin is one of the important features that distinguishes Western painting material techniques from those of the East.