[Keywords] testing equipment import project; Risk management measures; Testing technology
[Author's brief introduction] Zhong Hao, engineer of Shenzhen Institute of Metrology Quality Testing, factory inspector of Shenzhen Branch of China Quality Certification Center, research direction: electronic product testing, certification technology and project management, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 51855
[Chinese library classification number] F273 [document identification number] A [article number] 17-7723 (213. Its work includes the management and control of information resources, project declaration, declaration and approval, project implementation, process control, fund management, project acceptance, achievement management, popularization and application and transformation. It aims to standardize, comprehensively, effectively and informatize the management process of testing equipment introduction project, and improve the efficiency of testing equipment introduction project management. This kind of inspection equipment introduction project management can meet the requirements of inspection equipment introduction project management, but it lacks the corresponding risk management work, and the risk monitoring means of inspection equipment introduction project are not advanced enough. The project management system still needs to be further improved. Combined with the actual operation of the organization, appropriate management processes should be formulated to make it more expandable and vital.
1. Risk identification of imported testing equipment in public institutions
Every year, public institutions receive abundant scientific research funds allocated by the government to carry out various forms of scientific research activities, thus improving the economic and social benefits of testing business of testing institutions in public institutions and promoting the improvement of product quality in China.
institutions should vigorously carry out scientific research on product testing technology. At present, they cannot do without introducing advanced testing equipment from abroad. The introduction of testing equipment is a systematic project, which has the characteristics of two sides, high performance, advanced testing technology, irreversibility and uncertain testing standards. The main sub-projects generally include power transmission and laying; Installation of equipment main body; Construction of liquid nitrogen tank (if any); Auxiliary projects such as the installation of cooling water tower (if any) and the laying of test water transmission pipeline (if any) may involve strong electricity, cooling water supply, pure water supply, chemical gas supply, civil infrastructure projects, equipment installation and commissioning, storage of dangerous goods (such as liquid nitrogen, gasoline, explosives, strong acid, strong alkali, benzene, naphthalene, celluloid and peroxide), and pollutants (peroxide). In line with the working attitude of "learning from other mountains" and seeking truth from facts, the testing equipment introduction project team of public institutions has consulted historical documents and related databases, fully considered the opinions of major stakeholders, and collected risk management information of testing equipment introduction projects in various ways. Combined with the life cycle of the testing equipment introduction project, the testing equipment introduction project team identified four stages: feasibility review stage, bidding and purchasing stage, trial operation and acceptance operation stage, and nine project links: feasibility study, inspection and evaluation, preparation of procurement tender, bidding and contract signing, procurement, supporting project construction, testing equipment installation, testing equipment acceptance and project operation. The basis of risk identification of testing equipment introduction project team is theory guiding practice, and the traditional quantitative method mode is selected, and the primary risk checklist method combining qualitative and quantitative methods is adopted. Through many brainstorming meetings, interviews with professionals, and questionnaires, the main risk factors of testing equipment introduction projects are identified as follows: Table 1 < P > II. Countermeasures for risks of imported projects < P > It is extremely important for the testing equipment introduction project team to identify risk factors, which has laid a good foundation for project risk management. Leaders attach importance to the risk management of the testing equipment introduction project, and build a risk management organizational structure that adapts to the development of scientific research and innovation, highlighting the risk management responsibilities of the testing equipment introduction project team. The scientific research management mechanism adds project risk management clauses, adjusts the internal organizational structure, adds project risk management authority to the original project management team, increases project risk management members, and incorporates the project risk management effectiveness into the acceptance assessment of scientific research projects.
adjust and improve the management structure of public institutions, merge the management of testing equipment imported from various professional departments and offices, upgrade it to the direct management of the imported project office, and be managed by the chief engineer of the institute (institute) together with the technical review committee (hereinafter referred to as the technical review committee) and the science and technology development department. At the same time, the director of the hospital (institute) takes some time and energy from the busy daily management affairs, directly leads two major management departments (such as the financial and human resources management departments), and directly co-ordinates the management of the testing equipment introduction project in the hospital. In this way, the risk management of important testing equipment introduction projects can be better supervised and managed. The case of management organization chart adapted to the development of scientific research innovation is shown in Figure 1.
III. Management measures for main risk factors of testing equipment introduction project
Sailing on a long voyage and reaching the other side of the target must pass the test of strong winds and waves. In the course of sailing, you may face difficulties such as hurricanes, eddies, reefs, pirates, lost, hunger and thirst. Navigators often make detailed risk response plans in the harbor where sailboats are moored, and make careful preparations for risk response in order to take strong and effective risk response measures when necessary.
The inspection equipment introduction project team studied the risk identification and evaluation methods of the inspection equipment introduction project, identified the main risk factors of the inspection equipment introduction project, and formulated the project risk plan. At the same time, the main risk factors that affect the project and the risk response measures are obtained through analysis. Testing equipment is introduced into the project team to identify risk factors, some of which may have occurred, some may have signs of occurrence, or are normal risk factors that have occurred in previous projects. Due to the different progress and requirements of each testing equipment introduction project, the impact results of these risk factors are also different. Therefore, the countermeasures are to put forward treatment methods for risks that may affect the project. The main basis of countermeasures are risk management plan, risk ranking, risk cognition, risk subject and general risk response. We can formulate a variety of strategies to avoid risks from the probability, nature and influence of risks. The main measures of risk management include risk mitigation, risk prevention, risk transfer, risk avoidance, risk acceptance and backup.
risk management is best to control risks in advance. During the project, risk management has a feasibility review stage; Bidding and purchasing stage; Installation and debugging stage; Four stages, such as acceptance and operation stage, including feasibility study; Inspection and evaluation; Prepare procurement tender; Bidding and contract signing; Procurement; Installation of testing equipment; Supporting project construction; Inspection equipment acceptance; Project operation and other nine project links. According to the specific risk environment of the testing equipment introduction project, the testing equipment introduction project team adopted appropriate risk management measures as follows:
(1) Market demand competition risk
The countermeasures are to accept and mitigate. With the importance of imported testing equipment being paid more and more attention by people with knowledge of product quality, the competition in product reliability testing market is intensified. In order to improve their comprehensive competitiveness, expand their social influence and increase the share of agency testing business in the testing market in their region, it is likely to introduce testing equipment projects as well. Therefore, competition in market demand is essential. Facing the market challenge, seeking common ground while reserving differences with competitors is the best result. However, the actual competition between testing institutions and the good implementation of good projects will surely attract the favor of other testing institutions, which will often try their best to introduce them. How to comprehensively combine our own superior resources, strengthen the awareness of customer service, and provide efficient and convenient services of "one-stop" testing services for high-quality customers may be a good response. In the feasibility evaluation stage of the testing equipment introduction project, the market competition of the testing equipment introduction should be fully investigated. During the installation and commissioning stage, the inspection equipment introduction project team must strengthen the implementation of risk countermeasures as planned and complete the project as soon as possible. The shorter the acceptance time of imported testing equipment and the earlier the operation time, the smaller the competition risk of market demand.