Principles of prevention and treatment of chronic diseases?

Three-level prevention is a public health strategy and measure with population, health and elimination of risk factors affecting health as the main content, and with the goal of promoting health, protecting health and restoring health. 1. Primary prevention, also known as etiological prevention, is the most active and effective preventive measure, and the measures are as follows: (1) Physical preventive measures: strengthen the body's resistance, get rid of bad habits, carry out systematic vaccination and do a good job in pre-marital examination. (2) Preventive measures against the environment: do a good job in the prevention of biological factors, physical factors and chemical factors. Do a good job in the prevention of genetic pathogenic factors. Strengthen prenatal and postnatal care and perinatal care to prevent consanguineous marriage or inappropriate marriage. (3) Prevention of social pathogenic factors: prevention of psychological pathogenic factors. Bad psychological factors can cause many diseases, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, cancer, asthma, ulcers, etc., which are mostly related to psychological factors. 2. Secondary prevention is also called "three early" prevention, which means early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. This is a preventive measure taken at the early stage of the disease. For infectious diseases, "three early" prevention is to strengthen management and strictly report the epidemic situation. In addition to finding infectious patients in time, we should pay close attention to pathogen carriers. For chronic diseases, the fundamental way to prevent "three mornings" is to publicize and improve the diagnosis and treatment level of medical staff. Through general survey, screening, regular health examination and mass self-monitoring, patients with early disease (subclinical type) can be found as soon as possible and treated reasonably in time. Because chronic diseases are often caused by pathogenic factors for a long time, it brings certain difficulties to the prevention of "three early". 3. Tertiary prevention, also called rehabilitation treatment, is a preventive measure for the disease to enter the later stage. At this time, the body has lost its ability to adjust and compensate for the disease, and there will be the result of disability or death. At this time, we should take symptomatic treatment, relieve pain, prolong life, implement various rehabilitation work, strive for no disability, no disability and promote rehabilitation. Tertiary prevention is the main and effective means to promote health and the health guarantee provided by modern medicine.