Periodontitis has become the third killer threatening human health.
September 20th is the 25th national love teeth day. About 600-700 million people in China suffer from dental diseases of different degrees, among which dental caries are the most common, with more than 2 dental caries per capita. The number of dental caries patients in China exceeds 2 billion, and the prevalence of periodontal disease reaches 80%. According to the survey of Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Prevention, more than 50% of the stomatology departments in public hospitals in Shenzhen need a limited number of people, with more than 200 employees 1.300 dental chairs1. According to the 20 10 population statistics of Shenzhen140,000, every1.100,000 people competed for a dental chair on average. Similarly, periodontal disease and dental caries are the most common oral diseases in Shenzhen.
Periodontitis has been recognized by the medical community as the third killer of human health after cancer and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and also the "number one killer" of oral health. The third national oral health epidemiological survey shows that the prevalence rate of periodontal disease in China is over 80%, and the most common periodontal disease is periodontitis. Ruan, director of Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, said that although there was no city-wide epidemiological survey of oral diseases in Shenzhen in recent years, more or less half of patients with oral diseases had periodontal problems, and about 1/4- 1/3 patients were treated for periodontal problems. Epidemiological investigation shows that periodontitis has become the primary cause of tooth loss in adults in China.
Periodontal disease is a chronic progressive disease, which occurs in the supporting tissues of teeth, such as gingiva, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. If this kind of injury progresses to a certain extent, it will lead to the loss of alveolar bone and the loosening of teeth, which can affect most teeth and even the whole teeth. With the increase of age, periodontal disease leads to a higher rate of tooth loss. Among the elderly aged 65-74 in China, the periodontal health rate is 14. 1%, the average number of remaining teeth is 20.97, and the number of missing teeth is 86. 1%.
"Periodontitis is very destructive, mainly manifested in gingival swelling and bleeding, periodontal pocket formation, alveolar bone absorption and loose teeth. Moreover, periodontitis is irreversible, and timely treatment can prevent its development. " Ruan said that if dental plaque is not effectively controlled and regular maintenance treatment is carried out, periodontitis or recurrence will be aggravated. In daily life, some people often bleed gums when brushing their teeth or eating, which is gingivitis. "It can be cured after treatment." But if gingivitis is not treated, the result of further development is periodontitis.
Ruan said that the factors leading to periodontitis mainly include local factors and systemic factors. Local factors include the accumulation of tartar and soft scale, poor oral hygiene, food impaction, microbial action, poor repair and so on. These will cause periodontitis when the body's resistance decreases or the pathogenic factors increase. In addition, systemic factors sometimes promote the occurrence and development of periodontitis. Because these systemic factors reduce the resistance and repair ability of periodontal supporting tissues to local factors, local factors that cannot cause lesions become pathogenic factors. Systemic diseases can promote the occurrence and aggravation of periodontitis. "Adults may get sick if they have poor oral hygiene and bad habits, such as smoking or systemic diseases (such as diabetes)."
Tooth washing won't wear out.
Dental calculus is the main cause of periodontitis. Removal of dental calculus is one of the important methods to treat periodontal disease, which is called supragingival scaling, also known as "tooth washing".
"Is it necessary for young people to wash their teeth?" At the event site, many citizens raised such questions to experts. Wu Jian, director of the Department of Oral Prevention and Treatment of Shenzhen Center for Chronic Diseases, pointed out that tooth cleaning is to clean supragingival dental calculus and dental plaque with supragingival scaling instruments, and polish the tooth surface to prevent the deposition of dental plaque and dental calculus. However, due to the continuity of dental calculus deposition, dental calculus will reappear within a certain period of time after tooth washing, so it is necessary to wash teeth regularly. He suggested washing teeth at least 1-2 times a year. "Regular oral examination 1-2 times a year can find oral problems early and treat them in time. This not only effectively reduces the cost of dental care, but also reduces the number of dental visits and the course of treatment. " Wu Jian said that cleaning teeth once or twice a year can effectively prevent periodontitis, and the cost of cleaning teeth is much cheaper than the cost of treating periodontitis and repairing lost teeth.
Some citizens worry that tooth washing will lead to tooth enlargement, dentin hypersensitivity, tooth loosening and tooth damage. Ruan pointed out that enamel is the hard tissue covering the crown, and its hardness is the highest among human tissues. Wu Jian said that the ultrasonic dental scaler is equipped with water-cooling equipment, so that professionally trained dentists and dentists can master the skills when cleaning their teeth, and there will not be too many enamel nicks. As for gingival bleeding during tooth cleaning, it is caused by the inevitable contact between instruments and gums. This kind of gum is slightly damaged and recovers quickly. Some patients will have sensitive symptoms such as cold, hot and painful teeth after washing their teeth. This is because the root exposed after the calculus is peeled off from the tooth surface is directly related to food contact and has nothing to do with equipment damage. "Regular tooth cleaning is to remove stones and calcified dirt on the surface of teeth through high-frequency ultrasonic oscillation. Sometimes I feel uncomfortable just after washing my teeth, and my teeth are a little sour. Usually you can get used to it in a few days. " Wu Jian said.
Washing teeth will not cause tooth loosening. Some patients loose their teeth after washing their teeth because the teeth have become loose, and calculus plays a "fixed" role in the teeth. When the calculus is removed from the teeth, the teeth obviously become loose. Some people worry that tooth washing will cause "teeth cracks". In fact, teeth are born with gaps. However, due to the accumulation of tartar and inflammation of gums, local swelling of gums will lead to the filling of teeth. There seems to be no gap between teeth. Once the tartar is removed after cleaning, the swelling of gums gradually subsides and the gaps between teeth become obvious.
Can periodontitis do orthodontics? Ruan pointed out that general orthodontics will not lead to periodontitis. On the contrary, it is one of the important methods for comprehensive treatment of periodontitis. Reducing loose and displaced teeth, changing the long axis of teeth and its stress direction, and eliminating traumatic bite force are beneficial to the recovery and healing of periodontal tissue. However, untreated periodontitis appears; Despite treatment, inflammation still exists, the plaque is out of control, and the disease is still in the active stage; These three conditions, such as alveolar bone absorption has exceeded 1/2 teeth, can not be corrected.
65 primary schools are closed for free.
Primary school students are the main dental caries patients in Shenzhen. According to the survey of the Municipal Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, in recent years, the caries rate of primary school students in Shenzhen has gradually decreased with the increase of age. The peak incidence of dental caries is 6-7 years old, and the highest incidence of dental caries among first-grade primary school students is 72.4%, which is slightly higher for girls than boys. Nearly 64% children have not mastered the correct method of brushing teeth and can't effectively remove dental plaque. 53% students didn't develop the hygienic habit of "brushing their teeth in the morning and evening", and there were too many sugars in their diet, and they didn't clean their mouths in time after drinking too many carbonated drinks. These are all factors that lead to the high incidence of dental caries.
The fundamental way to solve dental problems lies in prevention. In recent years, Shenzhen health education system, in conjunction with medical institutions at all levels, has paid increasing attention to children's oral health, chronic diseases and related diseases.
According to Wu Jian, these projects have benefited more than 52,400 students and closed the teeth of 22 192 6-year-old children for 8 135 students free of charge. The number of free pit and fissure closed pilot schools reached 65. Next year, the plan will be extended to all primary schools in the city, and it is estimated that 654.38+million primary school students will benefit. From 2003 to 20 13, the data showed that the prevalence rate of permanent teeth of Shenzhen 12-year-old students decreased from 40.32% to 15.89%, and the filling rate of dental caries also increased by 40%. Students' oral health knowledge and behavior have been effectively changed, and comprehensive intervention on oral diseases has achieved good results.
In March this year, Shenzhen also launched the establishment of a "healthy oral cavity, happy family" demonstration community. This project is a "four-in-one" oral health education activity for 8 communities 1600 families selected by urban chronic disease prevention and control institutions, including oral disease prevention lectures, free oral health consultation services, common oral disease prevention manuals and periodontal disease prevention and control publicity CDs. In addition, urban chronic disease prevention and control institutions will sign oral service agreements with families in the community, establish oral health records for participating families, track them in time, and carry out free treatment projects such as dental caries prevention and tooth cleaning for children and the elderly. According to Wu Jian, at present, 2,000 families have participated in the project, and the elderly over 65 in the participating families can enjoy a free tooth cleaning opportunity every year.
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