Li Yu Southern Tang Dynasty
Spring flowers, Autumn and Moon, when is it over,②
How much do we know about the past?
The small building had an east wind last night,
The old country is in the moonlight.
The carvings are still there, ③
only the face has changed. ④
If I ask you how many sorrows you can have, ⑤
It is a river of spring water flowing eastward.
Author
937-978, first name Congjia, character Chongguang, number Zhongyin. Li Jing was the sixth son of Li Yu, who succeeded to the throne in 901. After his accession to the throne, he paid tribute to the Song Dynasty in order to be at peace with the other side. He lived a life of luxury and extravagance. In 975, when the Song army broke Jinling, he surrendered to the Song army with his own flesh and blood, and although he was appointed as a marquis, he was actually reduced to a prisoner. He died in July of the third year of Taiping Xingguo. According to the Song people Wang Zhi "silent record", cover for the Song Taizong gave the pulling machine drug poisoned death. He was good at painting and calligraphy, good at music and rhythm, and good at poetry and literature, and his words were the best in the Five Dynasties. In the early part of his life, he wrote about the pleasures of the court, and his style was soft and extravagant; in the later part of his life, he reflected the pain of his country's demise, and his themes were expanded to include far-reaching, sincere, and refreshing language, which was very infectious to the arts. Later, his works were compiled with those of Li Jing into the "Words of the Two Lords of the Southern Tang Dynasty".
Notes
①This tune was originally composed for the Tang dynasty, and was named after Xiang Yu's favorite concubine, Yu Meiren. It is also known as "A River of Spring Water", "Jade Kettle Water" and "Twelve Peaks of Wushan". It is a double tune with fifty-six characters, four lines in each of the upper and lower parts, all in two oblique rhymes to two flat rhymes.
2: the end, finished.
③Built: steps. The carving of the jade masonry: refers to the South Tang Dynasty Palace in Jinling. Should still: a "still".
4: the face has changed: refers to the person who misses has aged.
5 Jun: the author calls himself.
5: the author refers to himself as "Jun".
Evaluation
This poem was written in the third year after Li Yu's return to the Song Dynasty. It is said to be one of the reasons why Emperor Taizong of Song ordered the poisoning of Li Yu. So, it is Li Yu's death sentence. The whole lyric starts with a question and ends with an answer; from asking the sky and people to asking oneself, the author's sorrowful thoughts run through the whole lyric through the poignant tone and the artistic structure that twists and turns and flows freely, forming a refreshing aesthetic effect. Admittedly, Li Yu's thoughts of his homeland may not be worthy of sympathy, and his nostalgia for the past is inseparable from the imperial life of "carved bars and jade piles" and the palace secrets of his personal affairs.
But this popular masterpiece, in the art is really unique: "spring flowers, autumn and moon" people more than beautiful, the author is eagerly looking forward to its early "up" but; small building "east wind" to bring the message of spring, the author of the "east wind" to bring the message of the "east wind" to bring the message of spring. "to bring the message of spring, but on the contrary, cause the author" unbearable to look back "sigh of contempt, because they all evoked the author of things are different profiles, set off his prisoner living in a foreign country of sadness, used to describe by the beads surrounded by cui, cooking gold and jade of the country's master of the south of Jiangnan changed to a long song when the cry of the prisoner of the author of the state of mind, is true and profound. The author's state of mind is genuine and profound. The concluding line, "A river of spring water flows eastward," is a famous line that uses water as a metaphor for sadness, implicitly showing the long and endless flow of sadness. Compared with it, Liu Yuxi's "Bamboo Tune" is a bit too blunt, while Qin Guan's "Jiangchengzi", "The spring river is a river of tears, and the flow is endless, with many sorrows", is too exhaustive, which weakens the power of touching. It can be said that Li Yu's words so can cause a wide range of **** Ming, to a large extent, is relying on the concluding sentence to the infectious and symptomatic simile, will be written in both figurative sadness, but also abstract: the author did not write out the real connotation of its sadness - nostalgia for the old days of the hedonistic life of the drunkenness of the gold, and only show its external The author does not explicitly write about the real connotation of his sadness - nostalgia for the hedonistic life of the past, but only shows its external form - "just like a river of spring water flowing eastward. This makes it very easy for people to get some kind of spiritual echo from it and use it to express their own similar feelings. Because although people's sadness has different connotations, they can all have the external form of "just like a river of spring water flowing eastward". Because "image is often greater than thought", Li Yu's words can be produced in a wide range of **** sound to be recited throughout the ages.