Group cohesion will be affected by many factors. Generally speaking, all the factors that affect interpersonal love and attraction will affect the cohesion of the group. But to sum up, there are mainly the following aspects.
1, the status and similarity of group members: the higher the status in the group, the higher the cohesion; The higher the similarity between group members and other members, the stronger the cohesion of the group.
2. Efforts to enter the group and incentive mechanism: The more efforts an individual makes to enter the group, the higher the cohesion; The more rewards (such as respect, economic rewards, etc.). The higher cohesion a group provides to its members.
3. Threats from outside and fierce competition: This kind of threat will improve members' affinity and sense of responsibility for the group. When the group is in a competitive state, pressure and threats will be generated within their respective groups, forcing all members to consciously reduce differences, unify their opinions, be consistent with the outside world, improve their loyalty and centripetal force, and enhance their commitment to group goals, so as to avoid losses to the group.
4. Group size: Small groups have higher cohesion than large groups. There are more opportunities for direct contact and communication between members of small groups, frequent exchange activities and naturally improved cohesion. Generally speaking, a group with high cohesion has the characteristics of pride as a member of the group, love for other members of the group, and helping individuals achieve their ideals and goals.
Extended data:
Management psychologists realize that to improve job performance, we must pay attention to improving the relationship between group members. In a highly cohesive group, employees' morale and satisfaction are relatively strong, and group task performance is relatively high.
Regarding the relationship between group cohesion and productivity, psychological experiments compare the effects of positive induction and negative induction on the relationship between group cohesion and productivity. Regardless of the level of group cohesion, positive induction improves productivity, and the group with high group cohesion has higher productivity. However, negative induction obviously reduces productivity, and the productivity of groups with high group cohesion is even lower.
These experiments and other studies show that the higher the cohesion of a group, the more its members follow the norms and goals of the group. Therefore, if the group atmosphere tends to work hard and strive for high yield, then the productivity of high cohesion groups will be higher; However, if the cohesion is high, the group atmosphere will often limit high performance, thus reducing productivity.
It can be seen that the education and guidance of the group is the key to effective group management. Managers must improve the group cohesion, at the same time, strive to make the group cohesion become the driving force to promote group performance and make the group develop in the right direction.
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