A comparative study of school physical education and health education.

With the continuous development of school physical education thought. Both China and Japan have implemented the teaching of combining physical education with health education. Different countries have their own characteristics in the understanding, origin, content, implementation approach, source of teachers and effect of direction. I. Comparison of Cognition and Origin After World War II, Japan was influenced by American naturalistic sports thought and health education thought. The Japanese realized: "Physical education is mainly a systematic education to promote physical development, while health education is a systematic education about physical maintenance. Both of them are the same in taking the body as the object, both of which are for maintaining health. Therefore, it should be regarded as the content of sports science at the same time "[1]. Based on this understanding, Japan's first post-war learning guidance program clearly changed the name of school physical education from "sports" and "coaches" before the war to "healthy sports". Health education has also been highly valued in the subsequent "Learning Guidance Outline". In our country, although the party and the government are very concerned about the health of teenagers. But I have always attached great importance to the cultivation of physical education, because school physical education. Pay attention to active physical exercise and despise reasonable maintenance and health guidance to the body. For a long time, people think that "sports" means "physical training" plus moral education. Health education was regarded as the business of medical and health departments, and this understanding and situation continued until the end of 1980s. After the formation of a new physical education thought aimed at promoting students' all-round physical and mental development and pursuing comprehensive teaching effects [2], people realized: "Physical exercise is mainly to enhance physical fitness and health; Health education is mainly to maintain health and protect physical development. " [3], China and Japan have different understandings of the combination of sports and health education, which is best proved in the sports goals put forward by the two countries. Our country clearly put forward three basics (namely, basic knowledge, basic technology and basic skills) in the school physical education teaching goal of 65438-0985, with special emphasis on the mastery of sports technology; However, in the sports goal of 1977, Japan pays attention to students' interest in sports, learns sports methods, improves their sports and activity ability, and has little demand for sports skills, while paying attention to students' understanding and protection of healthy life. Second, the comparison of the combination of school physical education and health education. Physical education in Japanese school health sports is basically the same as that in China. ? ? In the "Learning Guidance Outline" implemented in Japan from 65438 to 0990, it is established that games and basic sports ability are the main contents of primary school physical education. In China, school physical education mainly focuses on sports skills and physical exercise. Since Japan regarded health education as an essential part of sports science in the 1940s, they have been insisting on the combination of sports and health education from primary school to university. It was only in 1988 that China began the experiment of combining physical education with health education in some primary and secondary schools in Tianjin and Zhanjiang. Therefore, 1993 health education is clearly emphasized in the new physical education syllabus of nine-year compulsory education. In the content of health education, China is richer and more practical than Japan. Three. Comparison of implementation approaches Japan has two characteristics in implementing the ways and methods of combining physical education with health education: ① attaching importance to mutual learning and interaction between teachers and students; ② Pay attention to extracurricular education and activities. In China, school health education is mainly about imparting knowledge in the classroom. Four. Comparison of the sources of teachers The sources of physical education and health education teachers in Japan are mainly trained by sports science, health, physical education teachers, social education supervision, sports entertainment, social sports, production sports and sports doctors. Teachers of physical education and health education in China are trained by sports health rehabilitation and sports health education. However, it started very late, and only a few universities in China offered the above-mentioned majors, which was far from meeting the needs of combining physical education with health education. In fact, there is a serious shortage of health education teachers. At present, they are mainly school doctors, health care teachers, class teachers, brigade counselors, trained physical education teachers and graduates majoring in physical education and health. From the comparison of the sources of teachers between the two countries, the quantity and quality of school physical education and health education teachers in China are obviously lower than those in Japan. In particular, the school health teachers need to be further strengthened to ensure the teaching quality. 5. Comparison of the effect of the combination of school physical education and health education: In the past 40 years, Japan has insisted on the combination of school physical education and health education, which has enabled Japanese children to understand the meaning of health, learn the methods of health care, form an interest in sports, promote the synchronous and healthy development of students' body and mind, and cultivate students' survival ability, competitive consciousness and skills with social needs. However, it is precisely because of the lack of proper health education in school physical education in China that many students don't like sports, can't exercise and don't know how to keep healthy. But it is gratifying that the combination of school physical education and health education in China has achieved satisfactory results. "According to the survey of more than three students in eight experimental primary schools in Tianjin and Zhanjiang, they like this course, and their initiative to exercise after learning has improved, which is helpful to develop hygiene habits. 97.7%, 95.5%, 97.5% and 90.5% of the students who can guide their actions with what they have learned respectively. The survey results of more than 4,000 students in eight experimental middle schools are also roughly the same. " [4] Predictably, the physical education syllabus for nine-year compulsory education was promulgated in 1993? Under the guidance, the physical health of primary and secondary school students in China will be significantly improved. Conclusions and suggestions (1) Conclusion: 1. Japan has many successful experiences in combining physical education with health education. It is worth learning. Such as flexible training forms and diversified training levels. 2. The combination of school physical education and health education can obviously improve students' physique and health level. ? It can improve the teaching effect. 3. At the same time, strengthen physical education and health education in China? We should do a good job in teacher training and scientific research, guide practice with theory, and make it have China characteristics. 4. The reform of physical education specialty in colleges and universities in China can't adapt to the present situation of the combination of physical education and health education. (2) Suggestion: In the process of combining school physical education with health education in China, the problem of health education is the most prominent in www.bfblw.com Paper Network. Many schools do not pay enough attention to the importance, necessity and urgency of setting up health education courses; The understanding of the quality of education and teaching has long been confined to the intellectual education circle, ignoring that physical quality education is the basis of intellectual education and moral education. Therefore, the author suggests: 1. Change the concept of school education. School education should change from exam-oriented education to quality education, truly attach importance to the all-round development of morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor, and do a good job in combining physical education with health education. 2. Further raise awareness. Effectively strengthen the leadership of health education, put health education on the agenda of school work, and make sure that there is a special person in charge and hold special meetings regularly. At the same time, the higher education department should check and evaluate the health education in schools, and take it as one of the contents of teaching quality inspection and school standardization construction to improve the understanding of the importance of health education. 3. Seriously summarize and analyze the experiences and lessons of physical education and health education in schools all over the country. ? Strengthening the comparative study of education and physical education in different countries is helpful for us to explore the way of combining physical education with health education which is suitable for China's national conditions. 4. On the one hand, the physical education major and curriculum in colleges and universities should face the social reality, and the curriculum should be targeted, with clear objectives, a wide range of majors and a wide range of courses. Training objectives should be changed according to social needs and pay attention to practicality. Change the current situation that the training direction of physical education major in colleges and universities in China has remained unchanged or changed little for a long time, the curriculum is narrow, the content is outdated, and the trained teachers can not meet the needs of society.