2. The length of neonatal esophagus is 65438±00cm；; ; 11-12 cm at one year old; At the age of five, it was16 cm; ; The length of adult esophagus is 23-25 cm.
3. Bacteria causing primary peritonitis are common in pneumococcus.
4. The main cause of severe circulatory congestion in children with acute nephritis is the increase of blood volume.
5. Intestinal obstruction caused by constipation in the elderly belongs to chronic, low and mechanical intestinal obstruction.
6. Borderline tumors are characterized by benign morphology, invasive growth and easy recurrence after resection.
7. Bronchial patients have a lot of phlegm, stand still and smell bad. Metronidazole should be used for treatment.
8. Acute cholecystitis is positive for Murphy's sign.
9. Incomplete aortic valve closure will lead to water flow impacting the pulse.
10. Pathological examination showed that the disease was an invasive mole with villous structure.
1 1. The pathological change of all kinds of shock is the sharp decrease of effective circulating blood volume.
12. Intestinal leakage can cause metabolic acidosis.
13. Cancer-promoting factors include genetic susceptibility, endocrine factors, immune factors and nutritional factors.
14. Infant vaccine formula: BCG vaccination at birth, polio vaccination in February, diphtheria vaccination in March, measles vaccination in August and Japanese encephalitis vaccination in August.
15. The causes of renal failure before renal transplantation are massive hemorrhage and shock.
16. Terminal hematuria suggests that the lesion is in the bladder neck, triangle or posterior urethra.
17. The pathogen of condyloma acuminatum is human papillomavirus.
18. The best examination for diagnosing endometriosis is laparoscopy.
19. The disease that is not suitable for early use of nutritional support therapy is shock.
20. The amount of phlegm is large and purulent. After standing, it is divided into three layers, which is common in bronchiectasis.
2 1. The soft birth canal includes the lower uterus, cervix, pelvic soft tissue and perineum.
22. Most forms of spinal fractures are compression fractures.
23. The most dangerous complications after thyroid surgery are dyspnea and asphyxia.
24. The cellulitis of submandibular and neck can be combined with laryngeal edema.
25. It is easy for the elderly to get cerebral thrombosis when they sleep quietly at night, because the viscous blood flows slowly.
26. Children with lordosis are one year old.
27. Thyroxine can increase the oxygen consumption of whole body tissues, promote growth and development, promote the decomposition of sugar and fatty protein, and affect the metabolism of water in the body.
28. The common cause of Guillain-Barre syndrome is a history of viral infection.
29. The most common route of invasion for pathogens to infect the liver is the biliary system.
30. Patients with cervicitis should be forbidden to have sex for 2 months, and generally can recover after two clean menstruation.
3 1. Newborns should adjust the room temperature to 26-28℃ when taking a bath.
32. 1 kPa = 7.5 mm Hg
33. The most common cause of viral meningitis is enterovirus.
34. Viral infection is the pathogenic factor of children's rheumatoid diseases.
35. The color of gross hematuria is related to the pH value of urine. The urine is acidic, and the color is strong tea color or gray water sample; The urine is neutral or weakly alkaline, and the color is meat washing water sample.
36. Prehepatic portal hypertension is caused by thrombosis of extrahepatic portal vein.
37. The cause of anterior hepatic sinus obstruction is schistosomiasis.
38. The cause of posthepatitic portal hypertension is posthepatitic cirrhosis.
39. The biparietal diameter is the shortest radial line of the fetal head-9.3 cm.
40. The occipital mental diameter is the largest anteroposterior diameter of fetal head-13.3CM.
4 1. The diameter of the suboccipital anterior fontanel is the shortest diameter of the fetal head-9.5cm.
42. The Chinese Pediatric Hematology Society tentatively determined that the standard of anemia for infants under 6 months was neonatal HB <145g/L..
43. The diagnostic criteria of anemia in children are HB < 1 10g/L from 6 months to 6 years old.
44. One-year-old child's head circumference = chest circumference =46CM.
45. Spontaneous pneumothorax is often secondary to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
46. Chloroprocaine, procaine, tetracaine and cocaine belong to ester local anesthetics, while lidocaine belongs to amide local anesthetics.
47. In the early stage of ARDS, the arterial oxygen partial pressure may decrease.
48. Conservative treatments for urinary calculi include diuresis, spasmolysis, bed rest, and oral Chinese medicine for removing stones.
49. Polio is transmitted through the gastrointestinal tract.
50. Obesity means that the weight exceeds 20% of the standard weight.
5 1.ITP is short for idiopathic thrombocytopenic epilepsy.
52. Cortisolism is characterized by centripetal obesity.
53. Hemophilia patients should be given protective isolation when their white blood cell count is lower than1×109/L.
54. The brain injury that should be operated immediately is epidural hematoma.
55. The main internal cause of pulmonary infection in children is excessive lung blood and insufficient qi.
56. The indication for incision and drainage of suppurative dactylitis is pulsatile jumping pain. That is, before the sense of fluctuation appeared.
57. When the lower end of the common bile duct is blocked, the amount of bile drained by T tube increases.
58. Chronic nephritis requires high biological potency in diet, and protein should account for at least 60% of the total protein.
59. At present, the most effective drug to control asthma is glucocorticoid.
60. The oral effect of digoxin is slow.
6 1. Lymphoma is highly sensitive to radiotherapy.
62. The earliest and most important pathophysiological change of mechanical intestinal obstruction is disorder of body fluids.
63. The key point to distinguish patients with cerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage is whether the neck is stiff.
64. The most reliable examination method for suspected bladder rupture is bladder water injection test.
65. The respiratory characteristics of patients with diabetic ketoacidosis are deep breathing.
66. Verapamil is the first choice for the treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.
67. Femoral hernia is the most easily incarcerated clinically.
68. The fallopian tube patency rate is 60 ml/min.
69. In the case of posterior appendicitis, psoas major test is positive.
70. Exogenous cervical cancer is described as a protruding vegetation, which is easy to bleed when touched.
7 1. The best way to prevent ventricular arrhythmia is to prevent the cause.
72. The main symptom of perimenopausal syndrome is menstrual disorder.
73. Protective isolation is a measure to prevent infection in patients with acute aplastic anemia.
74. The room temperature of the premature infant ward should be kept at 24-26℃, and it should be kept at 27-28℃ during morning care.
75. Babinsky sign was positive in pyramidal tract lesions.
76. The most typical manifestation of nephrotic syndrome is massive proteinuria.
77. Strange pulse may appear when pericardial effusion occurs.
78. The leading cause of maternal mortality in China is postpartum hemorrhage.
79. Propylthiouracil is the first choice for the treatment of thyroid crisis. Propylthiouracil can not only inhibit the synthesis of thyroxine, but also inhibit the transformation from T4 to T3.
80. Rest for at least 3 months after inguinal hernia repair.
8 1. When heartbeat and breathing stop, ECG can show ventricular fibrillation.
82. Internal capsule disease often causes hemiplegia. That is, the three-deviation syndrome-hemiplegia, hemianopia and hemiparalysis.
83. The first symptom of patients with liver cancer is pain in the liver area.
84. Gastric ulcer is eating-pain-relief; Pain relief of duodenal ulcer.
85. The common parts of Papandreou line of scarlet fever are armpits and cubital fossa.
86. The possible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy is viral infection.
87. The purpose of placing closed thoracic drainage tube after unilateral pneumonectomy is to adjust the pressure of both thoracic cavities.
88. The normal response of knee tendon reflex is the contraction of quadriceps femoris and the extension of calf.
89. The main pathogen of erysipelas is hemolytic streptococcus.
Testosterone propionate is the first choice for the treatment of chronic aplastic anemia.
9 1. The first choice for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia is busulfan.
92. When placenta previa bleeds, the amount of vaginal bleeding is directly proportional to the symptoms of shock.
93. The Department of Nursing of the Second Military Medical University was approved as a doctoral degree awarding point in nursing in 2003.
94. A low-protein diet can be used for patients with uremia and hepatic encephalopathy.
95. In severe anemia, the pathological mechanism of syncope and confusion in patients is cerebral hypoxia.
96. Sucralfate is a protective agent for gastric mucosa and should be taken before meals.
97. Avoid high-fat foods and limit drinking water after rodenticide poisoning.
98. The highest level of communication to share feelings is consistent communication.
99. When the room temperature is too high, the human nervous system will be inhibited.
100. The iodine-free diet needs to be rechecked, and foods with high iodine should be fasted 14 days before treatment.
10 1. polyuria means that the urine output exceeds at least 2500ML at night.
102. The theory of guiding nurses to evaluate patients' health status and predict patients' needs is a hierarchical theory of basic human needs.
103. According to the doctor's advice, check alanine aminotransferase. The time for nurses to draw blood is when they get up on an empty stomach in the morning.
104. The difference between benign tumor and malignant tumor lies in cell differentiation and maturity. Malignant tumor is characterized by pain, rapid growth, invasive growth and metastasis.
105. Dead spots appeared 2-4 hours after death; Stiff for 4-6 hours.