When does lung cancer need to be examined?
For lung cancer, it is recommended that you have a targeted examination every year between the ages of 50 and 75. If you have a long history of smoking, you should have an examination as soon as possible (of course, it is best if you can quit smoking); The following people belong to the high-risk group of lung cancer, which should be paid more attention to:
1. Smoking age is not less than 20 pack years; Used to smoke, but quit smoking less than 15 years;
2. Passive smoking (secondhand smoke);
3. Contact with chemical substances such as asbestos, beryllium, uranium and radon at work;
4. Have a history of malignant tumor or a family history of lung cancer;
5. Have a history of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or diffuse pulmonary fibrosis.
When does gastric cancer need to be examined?
For gastric cancer, people over 40 years old should have a gastroscopy every 1-2 years. The following people belong to the high-risk group of gastric cancer and should be paid more attention to:
1. Previous history of gastric cancer or benign gastropathy undergoing gastric surgery or trauma (remnant stomach);
2. Helicobacter pylori infection;
3. Suffering from precancerous lesions such as chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer and gastric polyp;
4. First-degree relatives of patients with gastric cancer (parents, children's first-degree brothers and sisters);
5. Living in areas with high incidence of gastric cancer (northwest, southeast coast, etc. );
6. There are other risk factors for gastric cancer (high salt, preserved food, smoking, alcoholism, etc.). ).
It is suggested that high-risk groups should have gastroscopy as soon as possible. If there are no high-risk factors, it is also recommended to have gastroscopy at the age of 45 -50 to prevent gastric cancer.
When does colorectal cancer need to be examined?
45 to 75 years old should be examined, and older people should be examined according to whether there are symptoms. If there are high-risk factors, do colonoscopy every 3-5 years. If there are no high-risk factors, it is recommended to do it every five years if you are over 50 years old. The following people belong to the high-risk group of colorectal cancer and should be paid more attention to:
1. Have a history of adenomatous polyposis; Received resection of colorectal cancer;
2. Immediate family members were diagnosed as colorectal cancer/adenomatous polyp;
3. Especially those with low onset age (
4. Inflammatory bowel disease with a long history;
5. History of abdominal or pelvic radiotherapy caused by cancer.
Colonoscopy is the most effective method for colorectal cancer screening. However, many people are psychologically resistant to colonoscopy, and it is easy to miss the good opportunity of early detection of cancer.
When does liver cancer need to be examined?
For liver cancer, it is suggested that people over 40 years old and at high risk should be examined every 6 months. The following are high risk factors:
1.HBV hepatitis)/hepatitis C;
2. Virus infection;
3. Long-term alcoholism;
4. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis;
5. Eating food contaminated by aflatoxin;
6. Liver cirrhosis caused by various reasons;
7. Family history of liver cancer.
When does breast cancer need to be examined?
40 -45 years old or high-risk groups should be examined at least once a year, and the corresponding high-risk groups include:
1, with obvious genetic tendency of breast cancer, such as at least two close relatives suffering from breast cancer;
2. Suffering from "atypical hyperplasia of mammary ducts or lobules" or "lobular carcinoma in situ" in the past;
3. I have received chest radiotherapy before.
Generally speaking, women should have regular checkups from the age of 40. If you are a high-risk group, you should be vigilant at the age of 20 and have an early check-up.
When does esophageal cancer need to be examined?
40~69 years old, check once every 1-3 years, and check once a year if you have a long-term smoking history (> 1 5 years). The following groups are high-risk groups:
1, the high incidence area of esophageal cancer;
2. Have symptoms of upper digestive tract;
3. Have a family history of esophageal cancer;
4. Suffering from diseases or lesions before esophageal cancer;
5. High risk factors of esophageal cancer (smoking, heavy drinking, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, etc. ).
The earlier esophageal cancer is found, the better the treatment effect. The 5-year survival rate of early esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after surgical resection is 85%~90%, while that of advanced patients is only 6%~20%.
If you are not in your forties, but belong to the above-mentioned high-risk groups, you should also pay more attention.
When does thyroid cancer need to be examined?
People who belong to the following high-risk groups should be examined for thyroid cancer every year:
1, head and neck radiation exposure history or radioactive dust exposure history in childhood;
2. First-degree relatives (such as parents, brothers and sisters) have had thyroid cancer;
3. Iodine intake is too low or too high (normal urine iodine content is 100~200 μ g/L);
4. Suffering from some genetic diseases related to thyroid cancer.
According to the data of the National Cancer Registry, the number of patients with thyroid cancer in China continues to increase by 20% every year. Although thyroid cancer is not like lung cancer,
The incidence of gastric cancer is high, but it is still a malignant tumor. About 1%-2% undifferentiated cancer metastasized early. If there is one of the above high-risk situations, do relevant inspection.
When does cervical cancer need to be examined?
If it is 2 1 -29 years old, it is recommended to have TCT every 3 years, and the DNA test of TCT+ human papillomavirus every 5 years for people over 30 years old. The following groups are high-risk groups:
1, people who start sex prematurely;
2. People with multiple pregnancies and premature births;
3. People with multiple sexual partners or spouses with multiple sexual partners;
4. I have been infected with genital human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus and HIV;
5. People who smoke, take drugs or suffer from malnutrition.
For a long time, China is "the largest country of cervical cancer in the world". About 1/5 of the more than 500,000 new cases worldwide are from China. Although the cause of cervical cancer is clear and some patients can be cured, it is one of the most important reasons for cervical cancer screening in China. Now some vaccines can play a preventive role, but the most important thing is to lead an honest and clean life, which can further reduce the risk.
When do brain tumors need to be examined?
Brain tumors are generally not screened, and their examination methods include CT, MRI and lumbar puncture. Generally, when there are symptoms such as increased intracranial pressure (headache, vomiting, etc. ), dizziness and tinnitus. Caused by the occupying effect, you can go to the hospital for treatment. Most brain tumors have no definite tumor-causing factors at present. For the prevention of brain tumors, it is necessary to maintain a good life schedule, healthy eating habits and mentality in daily life.
When does pancreatic cancer need to be examined?
It is suggested that high-risk groups over 50 years old should be examined once a year. The following are high-risk groups:
1, family history of pancreatic cancer;
2. Diabetic patients;
3. Hereditary pancreatitis;
4. Pigmented polypus syndrome;
5, cystic fibrosis, etc.
After reading the top ten cancer screening programs for high-risk tumors, you must understand why tumors can't be detected by physical examination. It needs precision instruments for further inspection. Cancer screening is not a diagnosis, but it can help you find the "clues" of cancer more accurately. Cancer means early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment and early recovery.
Compared with countries where China people go out to see a doctor, most people choose Japan. Japan's medical level is very advanced and its medical expenses are relatively low. It is more suitable for most patients to see a doctor. It is close, convenient to go back and forth, and convenient to review some things. In order to avoid unnecessary troubles, many patients and their families often get in touch with Japanese hospital doctors through Duomu Health, and everything is ready before going to Japan for treatment.