Suggestion: Hello! The mitral valve orifice of normal adults is about 5cm2 when it is opened, and it can pass through two fingers. When the valve orifice is narrow, it can be reduced to 1~2cm2 or even 0.5cm2, or it can only pass through the medical probe. When the left atrium is in compensatory state in the early stage, due to mitral stenosis and left ventricular diastolic phase, left atrial blood is blocked from entering the left ventricle, resulting in some blood remaining in the left atrium at the end of diastolic phase, and blood from pulmonary veins increases the left atrial blood volume. At this time, the myocardial fibers are elongated to strengthen the contraction force, and the heart cavity is enlarged to accommodate more blood, resulting in compensatory expansion of the left atrium. Due to the increase of left atrial load, myocardial metabolism is enhanced, and myocardial fibers are thickened, thus the left atrium is compensatory hypertrophy and relatively normal blood circulation is maintained. In the later stage, with the prolongation of time or the aggravation of pathological changes, the contractility of the left atrium is weakened and it is highly expanded (myogenic expansion), which leads to left atrium decompensation. At this time, the blood in the left atrium can not be completely discharged into the left ventricle during diastolic period, resulting in severe congestion and enlargement of the left atrium.
Treatment 1) Long-term oral low-dose aspirin, 75mg 1/ day can prevent cardiovascular accidents. 2) Actively treat myocardial ischemia symptoms such as chest pain and chest tightness. The main drugs to prevent myocardial ischemia are: nitrates, such as isosorbide dinitrate (short-acting)10 mg; It can be taken sublingually three times a day in case of emergency, and can be used for treating angina pectoris. Lunan Xinkang (isosorbide mononitrate), etc. , is an intermediate preparation, 20m2/day. Elodeane (long-acting) 50mg 1/ day.
2. Beta blockers (slowing heart rate, improving myocardial oxygen consumption and treating angina pectoris)-such as metoprolol12.5 ~ 25mg; 2/ day;
3, taking a small dose of diuretics, such as dihydrogram urine plug; Half a tablet ~ 1 tablet, 1~2 times a day, taking it for 3 days, and stopping taking it for 3 days.
4. Use cardiotonic drugs such as digitalis under the guidance of a doctor.